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Abstract
AbstractLynch syndrome was formerly known as Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer. Currently, these two nomenclatures each have their unique definitions and are no longer used interchangeably. The history of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer was first recognized formally in the literature by Henry Lynch in 1967. With advances of molecular genetics, there has been a transformation from clinical phenotype to genotype diagnostics. This has led to the ability to diagnose affected patients before they manifest with cancer, and therefore allow preventative surveillance strategies. Genotype diagnostics has shown a difference in penetrance of different cancer risks dependent on the gene containing the mutation. Surgery is recommended as prevention for some cancers; for others they are reserved for once cancer is noted. Various surveillance strategies are recommended dependent on the relative risk of cancer and the ability to intervene with surgery to impact on survival. Risk reduction through aspirin has shown some recent promise, and continues to be studied.
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Nikova A, Ganchev D, Birbilis T. Possible Considerations for the Management of Turcot’s Syndrome? CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180731094420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Turcot’s syndrome (TS) is a rare disease with known incidence of about
1-2 cases per year. It is, however, linked to high mortality due to the brain cancer. And because of
this, we propose recommendations, aimed at preventing the mortality of the patients and to minimize
the risk of undiagnosed Turcot’s syndrome.
Methods:
The authors collected the worldwide published data on TS, from the year of its definition
till 2018, all of which was published on the search engines, such as Medline, Medknow, Cohraine
and Wiley.
Results:
We included 97 patients, 57 from which are females and 40 males with median age of 22
years. The most common type of cancer is medulloblastoma, followed by glioblastoma and astrocytoma.
We further divided the patients into two categories based on the first symptom of the disease
and we made an algorithm of approaching these patients.
Conclusion:
TS is a disease that affects mostly members of families with multiple genetic mutations
and types of cancers. And because of the unknown mechanisms of inheritance, it is useful to
establish guidelines for the approach of those patients, in order to minimize the high mortality
rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrina Nikova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitar Ganchev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Queen Giovanna, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Theodossios Birbilis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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