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Jiang A, Li J, He Z, Liu Y, Qiao K, Fang Y, Qu L, Luo P, Lin A, Wang L. Renal cancer: signaling pathways and advances in targeted therapies. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e676. [PMID: 39092291 PMCID: PMC11292401 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cancer is a highlyheterogeneous malignancy characterized by rising global incidence and mortalityrates. The complex interplay and dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways,including von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)/hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Hippo-yes-associated protein (YAP), Wnt/ß-catenin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met, contribute to theinitiation and progression of renal cancer. Although surgical resection is thestandard treatment for localized renal cancer, recurrence and metastasiscontinue to pose significant challenges. Advanced renal cancer is associatedwith a poor prognosis, and current therapies, such as targeted agents andimmunotherapies, have limitations. This review presents a comprehensiveoverview of the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant signaling pathways inrenal cancer, emphasizing their intricate crosstalk and synergisticinteractions. We discuss recent advancements in targeted therapies, includingtyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors.Moreover, we underscore the importance of multiomics approaches and networkanalysis in elucidating the complex regulatory networks governing renal cancerpathogenesis. By integrating cutting-edge research and clinical insights, this review contributesto the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, whichhave the potential to improve risk stratification, precision medicine, andultimately, patient outcomes in renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Jiang
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinxin Li
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ziwei He
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kun Qiao
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Le Qu
- Department of UrologyJinling HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of OncologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of OncologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Linhui Wang
- Department of UrologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Wu LS, Hu Y, Gane EJ, Slaets L, De Creus A, Ding Y, Niu J, Schwabe C, Goeyvaerts N, Xu Z, Huo D, Tuefferd M, Verbrugge I, Van Remoortere P, Schwertschlag U, Vandenbossche J. Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models of JNJ-64794964, a toll-like receptor 7 agonist, in healthy adult participants. Antivir Ther 2023; 28:13596535231151626. [PMID: 36691849 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231151626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND JNJ-4964 is a TLR7 agonist, which, via a type I interferon (IFN)-dependent mechanism, may enhance host immunity suppressed by persistent exposure to hepatitis B antigens in chronic hepatitis B. METHODS PK and PD data were pooled from 2 studies involving 90 participants (n = 74 JNJ-4964, dose range 0.2-1.8 mg; n = 16 placebo) in a fasted state. Food effects on PK were studied in 24 participants (1.2 or 1.25 mg). A population PK model and PK/PD models were developed to characterize the effect of JNJ-4964 plasma levels on the time course of IFN-α, IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10), IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), neopterin and lymphocytes following single and weekly dosing in healthy adults. Covariate effects, circadian rhythms and negative feedback were incorporated in the models. RESULTS A 3-compartment linear PK model with transit absorption adequately described JNJ-4964 PK. Bioavailability was 44.2% in fed state relative to fasted conditions. Indirect response models with maximum effect (Emax) stimulation on production rate constant (kin) described IFN-α, IP-10, ISG15 and neopterin, while a precursor-dependent indirect response model with inhibitory effect described the transient lymphocyte reduction. Emax, EC50 and γ (steepness) estimates varied according to PD markers, with EC50 displaying substantial between-subject variability. Female and Asian race exhibited lower EC50, suggesting higher responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS PK/PD models well characterized the time course of immune system markers in healthy adults. Our results supported sex and race as covariates on JNJ-4964 responsiveness, as well as circadian rhythms and negative feedback as homeostatic mechanisms that are relevant in TLR7-induced type I IFN responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yue Hu
- 117971The First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Hepatology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Edward J Gane
- New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leen Slaets
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - An De Creus
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Yanhua Ding
- 117971The First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Hepatology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junqi Niu
- 117971The First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Hepatology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Christian Schwabe
- Auckland Clinical Studies, New Zealand Clinical Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nele Goeyvaerts
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Zhongnan Xu
- Chia Tai-Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Huo
- Chia Tai-Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Marianne Tuefferd
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Inge Verbrugge
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | | | - Joris Vandenbossche
- Janssen Research & Development, 50148Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
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Santoni M, Molina-Cerrillo J, Santoni G, Lam ET, Massari F, Mollica V, Mazzaschi G, Rapoport BL, Grande E, Buti S. Role of Clock Genes and Circadian Rhythm in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Evidence and Therapeutic Consequences. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020408. [PMID: 36672355 PMCID: PMC9856936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm regulates cellular differentiation and physiology and shapes the immune response. Altered expression of clock genes might lead to the onset of common malignant cancers, including Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). Data from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) indicate that clock genes PER1-3, CRY2, CLOCK, NR1D2 and RORα are overexpressed in RCC tissues and correlate with patients' prognosis. The expression of clock genes could finely tune transcription factor activity in RCC and is associated with the extent of immune cell infiltration. The clock system interacts with hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) and regulates the circadian oscillation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity thereby conditioning the antitumor effect of mTOR inhibitors. The stimulation of natural killer (NK) cell activity exerted by the administration of interferon-α, a cornerstone of the first era of immunotherapy for RCC, relevantly varies according to circadian dosing time. Recent evidence demonstrated that time-of-day infusion directly affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients. Compounds targeting the circadian clock have been identified and their role in the era of immunotherapy deserves to be further investigated. In this review, we aimed at addressing the impact of clock genes on the natural history of kidney cancer and their potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Santoni
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Elaine T. Lam
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni-15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni-15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzaschi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Bernardo L. Rapoport
- The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, 129 Oxford Road, Saxonwold, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Corner Doctor Savage Road and Bophelo Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Enrique Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-0521-702314; Fax: +39-0521-995448
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Santoni M, Molina-Cerrillo J, Montironi R, Grande E. Re: Effect of Immunotherapy Time-of-day Infusion on Overall Survival Among Patients with Advanced Melanoma in the USA (MEMOIR): A Propensity Score-matched Analysis of a Single-centre, Longitudinal Study. Eur Urol 2022; 81:623-624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lamichhane R, Galvin H, Hannaway RF, de la Harpe SM, Munro F, Tyndall JDA, Vernall AJ, McCall JL, Husain M, Ussher JE. Type I interferons are important co-stimulatory signals during T cell receptor mediated human MAIT cell activation. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:178-191. [PMID: 31608441 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant unconventional T cells that can be stimulated either via their TCR or by innate cytokines. The MAIT cell TCR recognises a pyrimidine ligand, derived from riboflavin synthesising bacteria, bound to MR1. In infection, bacteria not only provide the pyrimidine ligand but also co-stimulatory signals, such as TLR agonists, that can modulate TCR-mediated activation. Recently, type I interferons (T1-IFNs) have been identified as contributing to cytokine-mediated MAIT cell activation. However, it is unknown whether T1-IFNs also have a role during TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation. In this study, we investigated the co-stimulatory role of T1-IFNs during TCR-mediated activation of MAIT cells by the MR1 ligand 5-amino-6-d-ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal. We found that T1-IFNs were able to boost interferon-γ and granzyme B production in 5-amino-6-d-ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal-stimulated MAIT cells. Similarly, influenza virus-induced T1-IFNs enhanced TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation. An essential role of T1-IFNs in regulating MAIT cell activation by riboflavin synthesising bacteria was also demonstrated. The co-stimulatory role of T1-IFNs was also evident in liver-derived MAIT cells. T1-IFNs acted directly on MAIT cells to enhance their response to TCR stimulation. Overall, our findings establish an important immunomodulatory role of T1-IFNs during TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Lamichhane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Henry Galvin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rachel F Hannaway
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Fran Munro
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joel DA Tyndall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - John L McCall
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James E Ussher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Southern Community Laboratories, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Chronodependent effect of interleukin-2 on mouse spleen cells in the model of cyclophosphamide immunosuppression. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 158:471-4. [PMID: 25708328 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-2787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We studied the chronodependent effect of IL-2 in the experimental model of immunodeficiency, cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. IL-2 in a dose of 100 U/ mouse was administered at 10.00 and 16.00 for 3 days after injection of cyclophosphamide. In contrast to the morning treatment with the cytokine, evening administration produced antiapoptotic effect on splenocytes and stimulated proliferation to a greater extent. This was accompanied by an increase in the number of CD4(+), CD25(+) and CD4(+)25(+) cells in the spleen to a level of intact mice. More pronounced effect of the evening mode of IL-2 administration on the proliferation and subpopulation composition of mouse spleen cells in the studied model can be associated with high blood level of CD25(+) cells at this time of the day.
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Meng F, Wang J, Ge J, Fan X, Wang B, Han L, Kisseleva T, Paik Y, Brenner DA, Wang K. Alteration of interferon-α/β receptors in chronic hepatitis B patients. J Clin Immunol 2011; 31:521-32. [PMID: 21445562 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-011-9518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study determined type I interferon (IFN) receptor (interferon-α/β receptor (IFNAR)) and its predicable role in interferon-α2b treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS Expression of IFN-α/βR-1 and IFN-α/βR-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in liver tissue was measured by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. RESULTS IFN-α/βR-1 and IFN-α/βR-2 in monocytes and lymphocytes increased in CHB patients. Expression of IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2 in liver had positive correlation with HBV-DNA in liver tissue. Expression of IFN-α/βR in lymphocytes and monocytes increased in the first month, but then decreased during the subsequent interferon-α2b treatment, patients who had higher levels of IFN-α/βR-2 in monocytes prior to therapy showed better viral response than those with lower levels. CONCLUSIONS Expression of IFN-α/βR-2 in monocytes can be used as a predictable parameter to evaluate the effect of IFN-α treatment in CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Meng
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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