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Pillai NS, Buccha Y, Nair RS, Kothari R, Malik N. Bilateral Naevus of Ito and Ota With Palatal Involvement. Cureus 2024; 16:e57004. [PMID: 38681431 PMCID: PMC11046169 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Naevus of Ito and naevus of Ota are benign dermal melanocytoses with similar pathogenic mechanisms of failure in the melanocyte migration to typical locations within the basal layer from neural crest cells and differ in distribution. Bilateral and oral mucosal involvement of naevus of Ota can occur but is infrequent. Naevus of Ito is seldom associated with naevus of Ota and extracutaneous manifestations. A review of the English literature showed 14 cases of naevus of Ota with palatal involvement. None showed bilateral involvement of both naevi with oral involvement. Here we report the case of bilateral naevus of Ito and bilateral naevus of Ota with palatal involvement. A 32-year-old male came to us with naevus of Ito on both sides of his back and naevus of Ota on both sides of his face involving the sclera of both eyes with a bluish lesion along the midline of the hard palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjana S Pillai
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Yash Buccha
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Rahul S Nair
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Holy Cross Hospital, Kollam, IND
| | - Rohit Kothari
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Nishtha Malik
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
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Gowda Venkatesha RR, Rajaram Mohan K, Sridhar Rao V, Fenn SM, Rathan R. Concurrent Occurrence of Trichilemmal Cyst and Nevus of Ota: Case Series. Cureus 2024; 16:e52439. [PMID: 38371070 PMCID: PMC10871544 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nevus of Ota or congenital oculodermal melanosis (ODM) is characterized by brown or blue/gray asymptomatic brown or blue/gray flat lesions of the skin, mucosae, episcleral/sclera, and uvea, which are located near the trigeminal nerve's ophthalmic and mandibular branches. The main ophthalmic complications are glaucoma and predisposition to uveal melanoma. "trichilemmal cyst" is also known as "wen" "pilar cyst" or " isthmus catagen cyst". It occurs in the scalp and mimics sebaceous cysts clinically. The swelling appears smooth in outline and is filled with cytokeratin. An unusual case of a 32-year-old male with both trichilemmal cyst and nevus of Ota, a 27-year-old female, and a 47-year-old male with nevus of Ota is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandra Reddy Gowda Venkatesha
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, IND
| | - Karthik Rajaram Mohan
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, IND
| | - Vasu Sridhar Rao
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, IND
| | - Saramma Mathew Fenn
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, IND
| | - Reethika Rathan
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, IND
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Abdolrahimzadeh S, Pugi DM, Manni P, Iodice CM, Di Tizio F, Persechino F, Scuderi G. An update on ophthalmological perspectives in oculodermal melanocytosis (Nevus of Ota). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:291-301. [PMID: 35851619 PMCID: PMC9837000 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide a review of the literature on oculodermal melanocytosis (ODM) with a focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of multimodal imaging techniques in the management of ophthalmic complications. METHODS The authors carried out a literature search on PubMed, Medline, and Scopus of English language articles published on ODM through August 2021. This review presents traditional and novel diagnostic methods in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with particular emphasis on addressing the role of imaging in the management of the ophthalmic complications of the condition towards improving current practice patterns. RESULTS ODM is a rare, prevalently unilateral, congenital condition that presents with brown or blue/gray flat asymptomatic lesions of the skin, mucosae, episclera/sclera, and uvea localized within the territory of distribution of the ophthalmic and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve. Glaucoma and predisposition to uveal melanoma are the main ophthalmic complications. Diagnosis and management are through comprehensive opthalmological examination and traditional imaging methods such as ultrasonography and fluorescein/indocyanine green angiography as pigmentation of the fundus can conceal subtle retinal and choroidal alterations. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy are used to evaluate the anterior segment and the ciliary body in the presence of glaucoma or melanoma of the anterior uveal tract. Fundus autofluorescence and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations are of aid in the differential diagnosis between choroidal nevi and melanoma. Enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography offers outstanding in vivo evaluation of the dimensions and details of tumors or nevi and surrounding choroidal tissues and small choroidal melanomas may show distortions of the retinal and sub-retinal profile, presence of intra and sub-retinal fluid, abnormalities of the RPE, and compression of the choriocapillaris. CONCLUSIONS Novel multimodal imaging techniques are significant in the diagnosis and management of the ophthalmic complications of ODM. Fundus autofluorescence and enhanced depth spectral domain optical coherence tomography have adjunctive value in the detection of early-stage melanoma and differential diagnosis between nevi and melanoma. Awareness of current and emerging imaging techniques can propagate improved standardized definition and assessment of the complications of ODM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Abdolrahimzadeh
- Ophthalmology Unit, Mental Health, Neurosciences, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy ,St. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Maria Pugi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Mental Health, Neurosciences, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Priscilla Manni
- Ophthalmology Unit, Mental Health, Neurosciences, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemente Maria Iodice
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Di Tizio
- St. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Persechino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Mental Health, Neurosciences, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy ,St. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Frischhut N, Zelger B, Andre F, Zelger BG. Das Spektrum melanozytärer Nävi und deren klinische Bedeutung. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022; 20:483-506. [PMID: 35446504 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14776_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Frischhut
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Bernhard Zelger
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Fiona Andre
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
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Frischhut N, Zelger B, Andre F, Zelger BG. The spectrum of melanocytic nevi and their clinical implications. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022; 20:483-504. [PMID: 35446494 PMCID: PMC9320830 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The magnitude of the topic of melanocytic nevi (MN) is directly related to its relevance in everyday clinical work. The different MN have different prognostic significance in regard to comorbidity and possible risk of transformation. In addition to the criteria of the ABCDE rule, relevant criteria in the assessment of an MN are the time of occurrence, the growth tendency, the distribution and the comparison with other MN of the respective individual. The present CME article provides an overview of the knowledge that has been gained with regard to the development and genetic background of MN and any risk of degeneration that may exist. In addition, certain clinical and/or dermatoscopic features may provide the clinician with a decision‐making aid in the management of different MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Frischhut
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University Hospital Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Zelger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University Hospital Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fiona Andre
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University Hospital Innsbruck, Austria
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Sarker BKD, Malek MIA, Abdullahi S, Iftekhar S, Sakeb N, Mahatma M, Sarkar MK. Ophthalmic associations of oculodermal melanocytosis in a tertiary eye hospital in South Asia. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2021; 13:2515841421993539. [PMID: 33644684 PMCID: PMC7890704 DOI: 10.1177/2515841421993539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculodermal melanocytosis (ODM), though rare, is associated with a number of sight-threatening complications including glaucoma. The purpose of this Case Series study was to determine the ophthalmic features in patients diagnosed with ODM. Here, we describe five patients presented with ODM, with the most common ocular features identified being hyperpigmentation of the conjunctiva, sclera and heterochromia iridis. Others included hyperpigmentation of trabecular meshwork, glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment and ocular hypertension in one patient. As such, all patients with ODM should have a comprehensive ocular evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipul Kumer De Sarker
- Assistant Professor of Glaucoma, Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, 47 Indira Road, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sadiq Abdullahi
- Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sazzad Iftekhar
- Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmus Sakeb
- Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mallika Mahatma
- Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Urtatiz O, Cook C, Huang JLY, Yeh I, Van Raamsdonk CD. GNAQ Q209L expression initiated in multipotent neural crest cells drives aggressive melanoma of the central nervous system. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019; 33:96-111. [PMID: 31680437 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary leptomeningeal melanocytic neoplasms represent a spectrum of rare tumors originating from melanocytes of the leptomeninges, which are the inner two membranes that protect the central nervous system. Like other non-epithelial melanocytic lesions, they bear frequent oncogenic mutations in the heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits, GNAQ or GNA11. In this study, we used Plp1-creERT to force the expression of oncogenic GNAQQ209L in the multipotent neural crest cells of the ventro-medial developmental pathway, beginning prior to melanocyte cell differentiation. We found that this produces leptomeningeal melanocytic neoplasms, including cranial melanocytomas, spinal melanocytomas, and spinal melanomas, in addition to blue nevus-like lesions in the dermis. GNAQQ209L drove different phenotypes depending upon when during embryogenesis (E9.5, E10.5, or E11.5) it was induced by tamoxifen and which Cre driver (Plp1-creERT, Tyr-creERT2 , or Mitf-cre) was used. Given these differences, we propose that melanocytes go through temporary phases where they become sensitive to the oncogenic effects of GNAQQ209L . R26-fs-GNAQQ209L ; Plp1-creERT mice will be useful for defining biomarkers for potentially aggressive leptomeningeal melanocytomas and for developing new therapeutics for advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Urtatiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Courtney Cook
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jenny L-Y Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Iwei Yeh
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine D Van Raamsdonk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
A 5-year-old, female, spayed Rhodesian Ridgeback presented with ocular melanocytosis and skin hyperpigmentation involving the distribution of the first and second divisions of the trigeminal nerve on the right side of the face. The dermatomal pattern of the hyperpigmentation was similar to nevus of Ota or oculodermal melanocytosis reported in humans. This condition has been associated with increased risk of developing secondary glaucoma and melanoma transformation in skin, ocular, orbital tissues, and the central nervous system. The clinical investigation and description of oculodermal melanocytosis (nevus of Ota) are presented for the first time in the dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Malho
- Ophthalmology Unit, Pride Veterinary Centre, Derby, UK
| | - Anita Shea
- Neurology/Neurosurgery Unit, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK
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Plateroti AM, Plateroti R, Mollo R, Librando A, Contestabile MT, Fenicia V. Sturge-Weber Syndrome Associated with Monolateral Ocular Melanocytosis, Iris Mammillations, and Diffuse Choroidal Haemangioma. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2017; 8:375-384. [PMID: 28868033 PMCID: PMC5567108 DOI: 10.1159/000477612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome and ocular melanocytosis who presented with bilateral naevus flammeus of the face and hyperpigmentation of the right iris associated with ipsilateral iris mammillations. The patient had glaucoma and a diffuse choroidal haemangioma of the right eye. Optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment confirmed iris hyper-pigmentation and did not show abnormalities of the chamber angle structures. B-scan ultrasonography and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography were performed and showed a marked difference in thickness and reflectance between the right and left choroid. Visual field examinations with perimetry showed early defects in the right eye. Peripapillary optical coherence imaging showed borderline values of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness reduction in the right eye. Sturge-Weber syndrome associated with ocular melanocytosis and iris mammillations is an extremely rare condition. This paper highlights the role of multi-imaging methods in the enhanced evaluation of rare diseases towards choosing the most appropriate management strategies and improving the follow-up of patients over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Maria Plateroti
- Ophthalmology Unit, DAI Head and Neck, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Plateroti
- Ophthalmology Unit, DAI Head and Neck, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Mollo
- Ophthalmology Unit, DAI Head and Neck, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Aloisa Librando
- Ophthalmology Unit, DAI Head and Neck, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Contestabile
- Ophthalmology Unit, St. Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Fenicia
- Ophthalmology Unit, St. Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
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Heterochromie und einseitige Irisknötchen. Ophthalmologe 2017; 114:269-271. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-016-0330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Plateroti AM, Scavella V, Abdolrahimzadeh B, Plateroti R, Rahimi S. An Update on Oculodermal Melanocytosis and Rare Associated Conditions. Semin Ophthalmol 2016; 32:524-528. [PMID: 27083007 DOI: 10.3109/08820538.2015.1118133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Oculodermal melanocytosis (ODM) is a rare disease, which is characterized by hyperpigmentation of facial skin and several parts of the eye, such as the sclera, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, ciliary body, and choroid. The condition usually affects the Asian female population. The most typical presenting ocular sign is iris heterocromia. Iris hyperpigmentation may be associated with iris mammillations, which are dome-shaped protuberations of the iris surface. They are linked to a higher risk of malignant transformation when present in patients with ODM. Glaucoma is a complication of ODM and is caused by angle abnormalities or mechanical occlusion by melanocytes in an open irido-corneal angle. Choroidal and ciliary body melanoma have a higher incidence in this condition characterized by melanocytosis. Patients presenting ODM should undergo routine ophthalmological examination in order to carefully monitor for glaucoma and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Maria Plateroti
- a Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Sense Organs , University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome , Italy
| | - Vittorio Scavella
- a Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Sense Organs , University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome , Italy
| | | | - Rocco Plateroti
- a Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Sense Organs , University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome , Italy
| | - Siavash Rahimi
- c Pathology Centre , Queen Alexandra Hospital , Portsmouth , UK
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