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Commins N, Subhaharan D, Kurup R, Wickremeratne T, Mitchell J, Elmes J, Braund A, Funakoshi N, Langton J, Leschke P, O'Beirne J. Indications and outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt insertion in two regional Australian hepatology centres. Intern Med J 2024; 54:1302-1309. [PMID: 38654627 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an important therapy for complications of portal hypertension but remains underutilised in regional settings. AIMS The aim of this study is to explore the demographics, indications, outcomes and complications in patients undergoing TIPS in two regional hepatology centres. METHODS Retrospective analysis was undertaken of all patients undergoing TIPS at two regional centres between January 2017 and March 2023. The primary outcome measures were efficacy and complications of TIPS. Patient demographics (such as age, baseline liver severity scores and aetiology of liver disease) and indications for TIPS are detailed. RESULTS Forty-eight patients underwent TIPS. Median age was 56 years (interquartile range (IQR): 46-65). The most common indications for TIPS were refractory ascites (n = 17) and failure of secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding (n = 13). Cumulative survival at 3 months and 1 year was 93% and 77% respectively. There was no significant difference in outcomes based on TIPS indication. The median number of paracenteses in patients undergoing TIPS for refractory ascites 1 year pre- and post-TIPS were 10 (IQR: 4.5-16) and 2 (IQR: 0-4) respectively (P < 0.001). There were no procedure-related deaths. Inpatient management of liver disease complications had a mean cost of $32 874.67 (SEM: 7779) in 1 year pre-TIPS compared with $12 304.70 (SEM: 3531.1) in 1 year post-TIPS (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TIPS is a safe and effective treatment to reduce complications of portal hypertension and can be performed successfully in the regional setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Commins
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Deloshaan Subhaharan
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Hepatology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rajiv Kurup
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tehara Wickremeratne
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Mitchell
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Elmes
- Department of Hepatology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alicia Braund
- Department of Hepatology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Natalie Funakoshi
- Department of Hepatology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Langton
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Leschke
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - James O'Beirne
- Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Kalo E, Read S, George J, Roberts SK, Majumdar A, Ahlenstiel G. Attitudes towards transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in Australia: a national survey of TIPS centres. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2024; 11:e001308. [PMID: 38519047 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a minimally invasive therapeutic option to treat the sequelae of portal hypertension. It is unclear whether current international recommendations are reflected in current clinical practice across Australia and the extent of variations in care. This study aimed to address this gap in knowledge and benchmark the current landscape of TIPS services in Australia against international guidelines. METHODS We designed a 42-item questionnaire according to practice-based recommendations and standards of international guidelines to investigate current landscape of TIPS service across four key domains: (1) service provision, (2) patient selection and indications, (3) best procedure practice, and (4) postoperative care. RESULTS Gastroenterologist/hepatologists from 23 major liver centres (67.6%) across Australia currently performing TIPS completed the questionnaire. Between 2017 and 2020, there were 456 elective TIPS insertions. Units offering TIPS service had a low median number of TIPS insertions (n=7 per annum). More than half of respondents (56.5%) did not have institutional clinical practice protocols. There was marked variation in practices across institutions in terms of TIPS indications and patient selection. Despite variations, the success rate of elective TIPS was high at 91.7% (79-100%), with 86.6% (29-100%) for rescue TIPS. There was significant variation in postoperative follow-up and care. CONCLUSION Current TIPS practice in Australia varies significantly across institutions. There is a need for a national consensus clinical practice guidelines to improve access and minimise unwarranted variation. A national registry for TIPS could measure, monitor, and report on quality of clinical care and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kalo
- Blacktown Mt Druitt Clinical School and Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Read
- Blacktown Mt Druitt Clinical School and Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Storr Liver Centre, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Faculty of Medicine, Westmead Institute for Medical Research Storr Liver Centre, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastroenterology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stuart K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Avik Majumdar
- Victorian Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Mt Druitt Clinical School and Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Storr Liver Centre, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Ehlers L, Bannert K, Rohde S, Berlin P, Reiner J, Wiese M, Doller J, Lerch MM, Aghdassi AA, Meyer F, Valentini L, Agrifoglio O, Metges CC, Lamprecht G, Jaster R. Preclinical insights into the gut-skeletal muscle axis in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8304-8314. [PMID: 32628812 PMCID: PMC7412689 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting represents a constant pathological feature of common chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including liver cirrhosis (LC), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic cancer (PC), and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent clinical and experimental studies point to the existence of a gut‐skeletal muscle axis that is constituted by specific gut‐derived mediators which activate pro‐ and anti‐sarcopenic signalling pathways in skeletal muscle cells. A pathophysiological link between both organs is also provided by low‐grade systemic inflammation. Animal models of LC, IBD, CP and PC represent an important resource for mechanistic and preclinical studies on disease‐associated muscle wasting. They are also required to test and validate specific anti‐sarcopenic therapies prior to clinical application. In this article, we review frequently used rodent models of muscle wasting in the context of chronic gastrointestinal diseases, survey their specific advantages and limitations and discuss possibilities for further research activities in the field. We conclude that animal models of LC‐, IBD‐ and PC‐associated sarcopenia are an essential supplement to clinical studies because they may provide additional mechanistic insights and help to identify molecular targets for therapeutic interventions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Ehlers
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karen Bannert
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sarah Rohde
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Peggy Berlin
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Reiner
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mats Wiese
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Doller
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ali A Aghdassi
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fatuma Meyer
- Department of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Neubrandenburg Institute of Evidence-Based Nutrition (NIED), University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Luzia Valentini
- Department of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Neubrandenburg Institute of Evidence-Based Nutrition (NIED), University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Ottavia Agrifoglio
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Cornelia C Metges
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Georg Lamprecht
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Jaster
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Efficacy of covered and bare stent in TIPS for cirrhotic portal hypertension: A single-center randomized trial. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21011. [PMID: 26876503 PMCID: PMC4753460 DOI: 10.1038/srep21011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a single-center randomized trial to compare the efficacy of 8 mm Fluency covered stent and bare stent in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for cirrhotic portal hypertension. From January 2006 to December 2010, the covered (experimental group) or bare stent (control group) was used in 131 and 127 patients, respectively. The recurrence rates of gastrointestinal bleeding (18.3% vs. 33.9%, P = 0.004) and refractory hydrothorax/ascites (6.9% vs. 16.5%, P = 0.019) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The cumulative restenosis rates in 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-years in the experimental group (6.9%, 11.5%, 19.1%, 26.0%, and 35.9%, respectively) were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than those in the control group (27.6%, 37.0%, 49.6%, 59.8%, 74.8%, respectively). Importantly, the 4 and 5-year survival rates in the experimental group (83.2% and 76.3%, respectively) were significantly higher (P = 0.001 and 0.02) than those in the control group (71.7% and 62.2%, respectively). The rate of secondary interventional therapy in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (20.6% vs. 49.6%; P < 0.001). Therefore, Fluency covered stent has advantages over the bare stent in terms of reducing the restenosis, recurrence, and secondary interventional therapy, whereas improving the long-term survival for post-TIPS patients.
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Heinzow HS, Lenz P, Köhler M, Reinecke F, Ullerich H, Domschke W, Domagk D, Meister T. Clinical outcome and predictors of survival after TIPS insertion in patients with liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:5211-8. [PMID: 23066315 PMCID: PMC3468853 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i37.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the clinical outcome and predictors of survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPS) implantation in cirrhotic patients.
METHODS: Eighty-one patients with liver cirrhosis and consequential portal hypertension had TIPS implantation (bare metal) for either refractory ascites (RA) (n = 27) or variceal bleeding (VB) (n = 54). Endpoints for the study were: technical success, stent occlusion and stent stenosis, rebleeding, RA and mortality. Clinical records of patients were collected and analysed. Baseline characteristics [e.g., age, sex, CHILD score and the model for end-stage liver disease score (MELD score), underlying disease] were retrieved. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to calculate survival from the time of TIPS implantation and comparisons were made by log rank test. A multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival was carried out using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results were expressed as medians and ranges. Comparisons between groups were performed by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the χ2 test as appropriate.
RESULTS: No difference could be seen in terms of age, sex, underlying disease or degree of portal pressure gradient (PPG) reduction between the ascites and the bleeding group. The PPG significantly decreased from 23.4 ± 5.3 mmHg (VB) vs 22.1 ± 5.5 mmHg (RA) before TIPS to 11.8 ± 4.0 vs 11.7 ± 4.2 after TIPS implantation (P = 0.001 within each group). There was a tendency towards more patients with stage CHILD A in the bleeding group compared to the ascites group (24 vs 6, P = 0.052). The median survival for the ascites group was 29 mo compared to > 60 mo for the bleeding group (P = 0.009). The number of radiological controls for stent patency was 6.3 for bleeders and 3.8 for ascites patients (P = 0.029). Kaplan-Meier calculation indicated that stent occlusion at first control (P = 0.027), ascites prior to TIPS implantation (P = 0.009), CHILD stage (P = 0.013), MELD score (P = 0.001) and those patients not having undergone liver transplantation (P = 0.024) were significant predictors of survival. In the Cox regression model, stent occlusion (P = 0.022), RA (P = 0.043), CHILD stage (P = 0.015) and MELD score (P = 0.004) turned out to be independent prognostic factors of survival. The anticoagulation management (P = 0.097), the porto-systemic pressure gradient (P = 0.460) and rebleeding episodes (P = 0.765) had no significant effect on the overall survival.
CONCLUSION: RA, stent occlusion, initial CHILD stage and MELD score are independent predictors of survival in patients with TIPS, speaking for a close follow-up in these circumstances.
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