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Gouda MA, Ong E, Huang HJ, McPhaul LW, Yoon S, Janku F, Gianoukakis AG. Ultrasensitive detection of BRAF V600E mutations in circulating tumor DNA of patients with metastatic thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2022; 76:491-494. [PMID: 35152349 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Gouda
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily Ong
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Helen J Huang
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Steve Yoon
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Filip Janku
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Andrew G Gianoukakis
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Papachristos AJ, Glover A, Sywak MS, Sidhu SB. Pros and cons of hemi-thyroidectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:1704-1710. [PMID: 33438352 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The debate regarding the surgical management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is ongoing. The recommended extent of surgery in DTC is based on an assessment of the predicted risk of recurrence and recent guidelines reflect an evolving philosophy of de-escalation of surgical management, informed by a growing understanding of the determinants of tumour biology and important prognostic factors. However, our current clinical and pathological risk stratification processes are imperfect and hence there is significant variation in clinical practice. Surgeons face the challenge of finding the balance between avoiding overtreatment, minimizing complications and providing adequate oncological management. This article discusses the nuances of the current management guidelines as well as the important considerations in preoperative decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Glover
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark S Sywak
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Afkhami M, Karunamurthy A, Chiosea S, Nikiforova MN, Seethala R, Nikiforov YE, Coyne C. Histopathologic and Clinical Characterization of Thyroid Tumors Carrying the BRAF(K601E) Mutation. Thyroid 2016; 26:242-7. [PMID: 26422023 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the association of the BRAF(V600E) mutation with aggressive histopathological tumor features and clinical behavior has been extensively studied in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the BRAF(K601E) mutation has not been well characterized. This study reports what is currently the largest series of BRAF(K601E) mutated thyroid nodules. METHODS Histopathologic, cytologic, and molecular reports over a period of seven years (June 2007 to June 2014) were reviewed to identify thyroid cases with various types of BRAF mutations. All cases positive for the BRAF(K601E) mutation were reviewed to confirm histopathologic diagnosis and establish tumor variant, and clinical charts were reviewed to obtain clinical characteristics and follow-up information. RESULTS The BRAF(K601E) mutation was identified in 39 patients and comprised 5.3% of all BRAF mutations noted in thyroidectomy specimens. Twenty-seven out of 29 nodules (93%) with BRAF(K601E) mutated tumors with surgical pathology results available for review were PTC, one (3.4%) was a follicular thyroid carcinoma, and one (3.4%) was a follicular adenoma. The majority of K601E-mutant PTCs (20 cases) were follicular variant PTC. Encapsulation was present in all but one case, and one case showed capsular invasion. Coexisting mutations overall were not identified in BRAF(K601E) mutated thyroid nodules except in a case that exhibited a complex K601E + T599I mutation and had a classic PTC phenotype. The majority of K601E mutant nodules were T1 lesions (69%) and T2 lesions (28%) by TNM staging. With a median follow-up of 19.6 months, no structural or biochemical recurrence or metastases were found in patients with an isolated BRAF(K601E) mutation. CONCLUSIONS The BRAF(K601E) mutation is the second most common BRAF mutation found in thyroid nodules. Unlike BRAF(V600E), the most common mutation, K601E is strongly associated with follicular-patterned cancer, particularly with the encapsulated follicular variant of PTC, and may also be found in follicular thyroid carcinomas. Overall, BRAF(K601E) mutant tumors show better clinical outcomes than BRAF(V600E) positive tumors, and preoperative BRAF(K601E) analysis may provide important prognostic information for use in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Afkhami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arivarasan Karunamurthy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simion Chiosea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marina N Nikiforova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Raja Seethala
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuri E Nikiforov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher Coyne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Ludvíková M, Kalfeřt D, Kholová I. Pathobiology of MicroRNAs and Their Emerging Role in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration. Acta Cytol 2016; 59:435-44. [PMID: 26745212 DOI: 10.1159/000442145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRs) are noncoding, single-stranded regulatory RNA molecules involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. They control the development and maintenance of the diverse cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, motility and apoptosis. Expression of miRs is tissue-specific and each alteration of the tissue miR profile is associated with a distinct disease status. STUDY DESIGN We reviewed the literature on the expression of miRs in thyroid tumors, focusing on methodology and diagnostic and prognostic output. Separately, we analyzed 11 studies on miR profiles in thyroid cytological material. RESULTS Numerous studies have evaluated the miR profiles of thyroid tumors in an attempt to find a possible diagnostic and prognostic role. Both downregulation and upregulation of numerous miRs was found, but differences between the surgical pathology specimens and corresponding fine-needle aspirates in the expression of the same miRs were also reported. CONCLUSIONS The results from surgically resected material cannot be extrapolated into preoperative use without validation. For diagnostic use, the strong overlap between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma miR profiles is challenging. In summary, miR-221 and miR-222 are consistently upregulated in different types of thyroid carcinomas and might be used as markers of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ludvíková
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Qian K, Liu KJ, Xu F, Chen XY, Chen GN, Yi WJ, Zhou EX, Tang ZH. X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1(XRCC1) genetic polymorphisms and thyroid carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 13:6385-90. [PMID: 23464463 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have been conducted to explore the association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with thyroid cancer risk, but the results have been inconsistent. Thus we performed the present meta-analysis to clarify this issue based on all of the evidence available to date. Relevant studies were retrieved by searching PubMed and statistical analysis conducted using Stata software. Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis (1,620 cases and 3,557 controls). There were 6 studies (932 cases and 2,270 controls) of the Arg194Trp polymorphism, 7 studies (1432 cases and 3356 controls) of the Arg280His polymorphism and 9 studies (1,620 cases and 3,557 controls) for the Arg399Gln polymorphism. No association of XRCC1 Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln polymorphism with thyroid cancer risk was observed in the overall analysis. However, subgroup analysis revealed: 1) an elevated risk in aa vs AA analysis (OR=2.03, 95%CI= 1.24-3.31) and recessive genetic model analysis (OR=1.93, 95%CI= 1.20-3.08) in the larger sample size trials for XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism; 2) a decreased thyroid cancer risk on subgroup analysis based on ethnicity in Aa vs AA analysis (OR=0.84, 95%CI= 0.72-0.98) and in a dominant genetic model (OR=0.84, 95%CI= 0.72-0.97) in Caucasian populations for the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism; 3) a decreased thyroid cancer risk on subgroup analysis based on design type in Aa vs AA analysis (OR=0.72, 95% CI= 0.54-0.97) among the PCC trials for the Arg399Gln polymorphism. Our results suggest that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism may be associated with decreased thyroid cancer risk among Caucasians and XRCC1 Arg194Trp may be associated with a tendency for increased thyroid cancer risk in the two larger sample size trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Qian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Jara SM, Bhatnagar R, Guan H, Gocke CD, Ali SZ, Tufano RP. Utility ofBRAFmutation detection in fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples read as “suspicious for papillary thyroid carcinoma”. Head Neck 2014; 37:1788-93. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M. Jara
- Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Ramneesh Bhatnagar
- Division of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Pathology; University of Maryland; School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland
| | - Hui Guan
- Division of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Pathology; Wayne State University; School of Medicine Detroit Michigan
| | - Christopher D. Gocke
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Syed Z. Ali
- Division of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Ralph P. Tufano
- Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
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Association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7707-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Wang C, Ai Z. Association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with thyroid cancer risk. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4791-7. [PMID: 24477575 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the important role in the DNA repair pathways, numerous studies have been carried out to explore the relationship between the polymorphisms in the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene and thyroid cancer risk. But previous reports have produced conflicting results. Thus, we performed an updated comprehensive meta-analysis to better investigate the association of the XRCC1 polymorphisms with thyroid cancer risk. There were a total of nine studies included with 1,621 cases and 3,669 controls examining the effects of the XRCC1 Arg280His, Arg399Gln, and Arg194Trp polymorphisms on the susceptibility of thyroid cancer. In our study, the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism was found to be associated with an increased thyroid cancer risk in the Caucasian population [allelic contrast: odds ratio (OR) = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.05-1.80, P(Z) = 0.02, P(Q) = 0.61; dominant model: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.08-1.89, P(Z) = 0.01, P(Q) = 0.57]. The Arg399Gln polymorphism was associated with a significant decreased risk [allelic contrast: OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59-0.92, P(Z) = 0.006, P(Q) = 0.31; dominant model: OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55-0.97, P(Z) = 0.03, P(Q) = 0.33; recessive model: OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.34-0.93, P(Z) = 0.02, P(Q) = 0.59], while the Arg194Trp SNP conferred an increased risk for thyroid cancer in the mixed populations [allelic contrast: OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.02-2.17, P(Z) = 0.04]. To conclude, the present meta-analysis demonstrated that the polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene may be associated with developing of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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Du Y, Han LY, Li DD, Liu H, Gao YH, Sun DJ. Associations Between XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and Arg280His Polymorphisms and Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:5483-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Shin SH, Yoon JH, Son MH, Kim SJ, Park SY, Kim HY, Lee HS, Park HJ, Park BK. Follicular thyroid carcinoma arising after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a child with pleuropulmonary blastoma. Thyroid 2012; 22:547-51. [PMID: 22468940 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare and aggressive intrathoracic neoplasm that is associated with other dysplastic or neoplastic conditions. The prognosis, especially of type II (cystic and solid) and type III (solid) PPB, is poor. High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been attempted to improve survival rates. We report the development of follicular thyroid carcinoma in a girl who was treated at a young age for PPB. SUMMARY A 23-month-old girl was evaluated for a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia and was found to have a mass in the left lung that grew rapidly. It was removed and diagnosed as a PPB. At the age of two, she was referred to our hospital for further treatment. She received adjuvant chemotherapy for 6 months but developed a recurred mass in her back at 4.3 years of age. After removal of the mass, she was given a salvage chemotherapy followed by HDC and HSCT but not radiation treatment between 4.4 and 4.9 years of age. At the age of seven, after 2 years without treatment, she presented with multiple thyroid nodules in both lobes that steadily grew over the next 2 years. At the age of nine, she underwent total thyroidectomy, which revealed an invasive follicular carcinoma. She remained without clinical evidence of thyroid cancer for one year since the surgery. Radiation therapy was not administered because of the concerns of causing another malignancy. A literature search combined with the present case indicated that, of the five living patients who had been treated with HDC and HSCT, three developed a follicular thyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence (3/5, 60%) of follicular thyroid carcinoma in patients with PPB who were treated with HDC and HSCT is striking. This suggests that, in patients with PPB, either HDC or HSCT contributes to the development of thyroid cancer. Clinicians should be advised of the high risk of thyroid carcinoma occurrence when HDC and HSCT are being contemplated in children with PPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Han Shin
- Center for Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Pennelli G, Vianello F, Barollo S, Pezzani R, Merante Boschin I, Pelizzo MR, Mantero F, Rugge M, Mian C. BRAF(K601E) mutation in a patient with a follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2011; 21:1393-6. [PMID: 22136270 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF mutations, the most common genetic alteration associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), have never been associated with follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) except for one possible case, which, however, had some cellular features of the follicular variant of PTC. Here, we present a patient with a BRAF mutation within a FTC. SUMMARY A 78-year-old man presented with a nodular lesion 8 cm in size in the right thyroid lobe, coexisting with a goiter. Fine-needle aspiration samples were obtained for cytology, immunocytology, and molecular analysis. Immunoblot analysis on thyroid tissues was performed to evaluate the most important tumor activating pathways. Cytology was consistent with "follicular neoplasia" (negative for galectin-3 immunostaining); molecular analysis on the cytology sample detected a K601E mutation in the exon 15 of the BRAF gene. After total thyroidectomy with lymph-node dissection, the diagnosis of FTC was established by histopathological examination. The BRAF(K601E) mutation was confirmed in DNA obtained from different areas of the FTC. In addition, an activating mutation (E545A) in the PKI3CA oncogene was found in the FTC. As expected, immunoblot analysis showed activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSION This article describes what may be the first case of a classical FTC carrying a BRAF mutation. Unlike the most common BRAF mutation seen in PTC carcinoma (BRAF(V600E)), this patient's mutation was a BRAF(K601E) mutation that previously has been associated with some cases of the follicular variant of PTC. The BRAF(K601E) mutation should be included in the spectrum of genetic alterations in FTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Pennelli
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Medical Sciences and Special Therapies, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Adeniran AJ, Theoharis C, Hui P, Prasad ML, Hammers L, Carling T, Udelsman R, Chhieng DC. Reflex BRAF testing in thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy with equivocal and positive interpretation: a prospective study. Thyroid 2011; 21:717-23. [PMID: 21568726 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BRAF V600E mutation has been reported in 50%-80% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases and is highly specific for PTC. Reflex BRAF testing may improve the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) tests having equivocal cytologic interpretations and provide prognostic information that helps guide management in patients with PTC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cases with equivocal thyroid FNA readings (indeterminate and suspicious for PTC) or a positive diagnosis for PTC and concomitant BRAF mutation analysis were included in this prospective study. BRAF mutation analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction combined with single-strand conformation polymorphism gel electrophoresis using lavage fluid obtained from needle rinsing. The results of histopathologic follow-up were correlated with the cytologic interpretations and BRAF status. RESULTS One hundred fifty-seven FNAs with equivocal or positive cytologic interpretations were eligible for the study. All but one (99.4%) FNAs were found to have sufficient DNA quality and quantity for the assay. Based on the follow-up diagnosis of nodules after surgical resection, the sensitivity for diagnosing PTC was 63.3% with cytology alone and 80.0% with the combination of cytology and BRAF testing, respectively. No false positives were noted with either cytology or BRAF mutation analysis. All PTCs with extrathyroidal extension and of tall-cell variant were postive for BRAF mutation. CONCLUSIONS BRAF V600E mutation analysis can be easily performed on cytologic preparation using lavage fluids obtained from needle rinsing. By combining morphologic evaluation and BRAF testing, there is a substantial improvement in the preoperative identification of PTC when compared with cytology alone. Patients with equivocal cytologic diagnosis and BRAF V600E mutation are candidates for total thyroidectomy ± central lymph node dissection.
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García-Quispes WA, Pérez-Machado G, Akdi A, Pastor S, Galofré P, Biarnés F, Castell J, Velázquez A, Marcos R. Association studies of OGG1, XRCC1, XRCC2 and XRCC3 polymorphisms with differentiated thyroid cancer. Mutat Res 2011; 709-710:67-72. [PMID: 21414327 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of the DNA repair genes OGG1, XRCC1, XRCC2 and XRCC3 on differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) susceptibility was examined in 881 individuals (402 DTC and 479 controls). DNA repair genes were proposed as candidate genes, since the current data indicate that exposure to ionizing radiation is the only established factor in the development of thyroid cancer, especially when it occurs in early stages of life. We have genotyped DNA repair genes involved in base excision repair (BER) (OGG1, Ser326Cys; XRCC1, Arg280His and Arg399Gln), and homologous recombination repair (HRR) (XRCC2, Arg188His and XRCC3, ISV-14G). Genotyping was carried out using the iPLEX (Sequenom) technique. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed in a case-control study design. From all the studied polymorphism, only a positive association (OR=1.58, 95% CI 1.05-2.46, P=0.027) was obtained for XRCC1 (Arg280His). No associations were observed for the other polymorphisms. No effects of the histopathological type of tumor were found when the DTC patients were stratified according to the type of tumor. It must be emphasized that this study include the greater patients group, among the few studies carried out until now determining the role of DNA repair genes in thyroid cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilser-Andrés García-Quispes
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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