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Maripudi S, Byrd J, Qureshi A, Stoleru G, Levin MR, Saeedi OJ, Munir W, Bazemore M, Karwoski B, Martinez C, Jaafar MS, Madigan WP, Alexander JL. Pediatric Corneal Structural Development During Childhood Characterized by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2020; 57:238-245. [PMID: 32687208 PMCID: PMC7907682 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20200506-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively describe the structural corneal changes from infancy to early adulthood using ultrasound biomicroscopy. METHODS In this prospective study, 168 ultrasound biomicroscopy images were obtained from 24 healthy eyes of 24 patients who consented and enrolled in the Pediatric Anterior Segment Imaging Innovation Study. Their ages ranged from birth to 26 years. An established ultrasound biomicroscopy imaging protocol including seven views of one eye per patient were obtained and measured using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). Twelve corneal structural parameters were measured. Means were compared between younger and older groups. RESULTS Among the 12 measured structures, 5 demonstrated statistically significant differences (P < .05) between patients younger than 1 year and patients older than 1 year. The mean values for corneal cross-sectional width and length, central corneal thickness, and radii of curvature (anterior and posterior) were significantly different in patients younger than 1 year. Curvature and limbus-to-limbus dimensions changed more dramatically than thickness and tissue density. When comparing the youngest to oldest subgroups, anterior curvature flattened (6.14 to 7.55 radius), posterior curvature flattened (5.53 to 6.72 radius), angle-to-angle distance increased (8.93 to 11.40 mm), and endothelial cross-sectional distance increased (10.63 to 13.61 mm). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric corneal structures change with age. The most significant changes occur in the first months of life, with additional changes later in childhood. This study further demonstrates the importance of age in pediatric corneal imaging analysis. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(4):238-245.].
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Centeno CJ, Pitts J, Al-Sayegh H, Freeman MD. Anterior cruciate ligament tears treated with percutaneous injection of autologous bone marrow nucleated cells: a case series. J Pain Res 2015; 8:437-47. [PMID: 26261424 PMCID: PMC4527573 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s86244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This was a prospective case series designed to investigate treatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears using an injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate. Methods Consecutive adult patients presenting to a private outpatient interventional musculoskeletal and pain practice with knee pain, ACL laxity on exam, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of a grade 1, 2, or 3 ACL tears with less than 1 cm retraction were eligible for this study. Eligible patients were treated with an intraligamentous injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate, using fluoroscopic guidance. Pre- and postprocedural sagittal MRI images of the ACLs were analyzed using ImageJ software to objectively quantify changes between pre- and posttreatment scans. Five different types of measurement of ACL pixel intensity were examined as a proxy for ligament integrity. In addition pain visual analog scale (VAS) and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) values were recorded at baseline and at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and annually postinjection. Objective outcomes measured were pre- to post-MRI measurement changes, as analyzed by the ImageJ software. Subjective outcomes measured were changes in the VAS and LEFS, and a self-rated percentage improvement. Results Seven of ten patients showed improvement in at least four of five objective measures of ACL integrity in their postprocedure MRIs. In the entire study group, the mean gray value, median, raw integrated density, and modal gray value all decreased toward low-signal ACLs (P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.002, and P=0.08), indications of improved ligament integrity. Seven of ten patients responded to the self-rated metrics follow up. The mean VAS change was a decrease of 1.7 (P=0.25), the mean LEFS change was an increase of 23.3 (P=0.03), and mean reported improvement was 86.7%. Conclusion Based on this small case series, autologous bone marrow concentrate shows promise in the treatment of grade 1, 2, and possibly grade 3 ACL tears without retraction. Further investigation using a controlled study design is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Centeno
- Centeno-Schultz Clinic, Broomfield, CO, USA ; Regenerative Sciences, LLC., Broomfield, CO, USA
| | - John Pitts
- Centeno-Schultz Clinic, Broomfield, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael D Freeman
- Public Health Department, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Zotti A, Banzato T, Gelain ME, Centelleghe C, Vaccaro C, Aresu L. Correlation of renal histopathology with renal echogenicity in dogs and cats: an ex-vivo quantitative study. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:99. [PMID: 25909709 PMCID: PMC4413530 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased cortical or cortical and medullary echogenicity is one of the most common signs of chronic or acute kidney disease in dogs and cats. Subjective evaluation of the echogenicity is reported to be unreliable. Patient and technical-related factors affect in-vivo quantitative evaluation of the echogenicity of parenchymal organs. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between histopathology and ex-vivo renal cortical echogenicity in dogs and cats devoid of any patient and technical-related biases. Results Kidney samples were collected from 68 dog and 32 cat cadavers donated by the owners to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Padua and standardized ultrasonographic images of each sample were collected. The echogenicity of the renal cortex was quantitatively assessed by means of mean gray value (MGV), and then histopathological analysis was performed. Statistical analysis to evaluate the influence of histological lesions on MGV was performed. The differentiation efficiency of MGV to detect pathological changes in the kidneys was calculated for dogs and cats. Statistical analysis revealed that only glomerulosclerosis was an independent determinant of echogenicity in dogs whereas interstitial nephritis, interstitial necrosis and fibrosis were independent determinants of echogenicity in cats. The global influence of histological lesions on renal echogenicity was higher in cats (23%) than in dogs (12%). Conclusions Different histopathological lesions influence the echogenicity of the kidneys in dogs and cats. Moreover, MGV is a poor test for distinguishing between normal and pathological kidneys in the dog with a sensitivity of 58.3% and specificity of 59.8%. Instead, it seems to perform globally better in the cat, resulting in a fair test, with a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 56%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zotti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Banzato
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Centelleghe
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
| | - Calogero Vaccaro
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
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Zanganeh S, Li H, Kumavor PD, Alqasemi U, Aguirre A, Mohammad I, Stanford C, Smith MB, Zhu Q. Photoacoustic imaging enhanced by indocyanine green-conjugated single-wall carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:096006. [PMID: 24002193 PMCID: PMC3759855 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.9.096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A photoacoustic contrast agent that is based on bis-carboxylic acid derivative of indocyanine green (ICG) covalently conjugated to single-wall carbon nanotubes (ICG/SWCNT) is presented. Covalently attaching ICG to the functionalized SWCNT provides a more robust system that delivers much more ICG to the tumor site. The detection sensitivity of the new contrast agent in a mouse tumor model is demonstrated in vivo by our custom-built photoacoustic imaging system. The summation of the photoacoustic tomography (PAT) beam envelope, referred to as the "PAT summation," is used to demonstrate the postinjection light absorption of tumor areas in ICG- and ICG/SWCNT-injected mice. It is shown that ICG is able to provide 33% enhancement at approximately 20 min peak response time with reference to the preinjection PAT level, while ICG/SWCNT provides 128% enhancement at 80 min and even higher enhancement of 196% at the end point of experiments (120 min on average). Additionally, the ICG/SWCNT enhancement was mainly observed at the tumor periphery, which was confirmed by fluorescence images of the tumor samples. This feature is highly valuable in guiding surgeons to assess tumor boundaries and dimensions in vivo and to achieve clean tumor margins to improve surgical resection of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Zanganeh
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Hai Li
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Patrick D. Kumavor
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Umar Alqasemi
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Andres Aguirre
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Innus Mohammad
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Courtney Stanford
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Michael B. Smith
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Quing Zhu
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Address all correspondence to: Quing Zhu, University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269. Tel: 860-486-5523; Fax: 860-486-2447; E-mail:
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Kaoku S, Konishi E, Fujimoto Y, Tohno E, Shiina T, Kondo K, Yamazaki S, Kajihara M, Shinkura N, Yanagisawa A. Sonographic and pathologic image analysis of pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:1158-1167. [PMID: 23683410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to elucidate sonographic and histologic features of pure mucinous carcinoma (P-MC) of the breast using quantitative analysis and to evaluate the relationship between quantitative analysis and visual qualitative assessment. Eleven P-MCs (nine patients) were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Three experts assessed these sonographic images using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon. For assessment of internal echoes and posterior echoes, quantitative measures were determined using ImageJ software. Histologic thin sections were stained for classification into separate parts of the tumor (stroma, mucin and cancer cells) and were digitized. Internal echoes were isoechoic in 7 of 11 (63.6%) tumors and hypoechoic in 4 of 11 (36.4%); all P-MCs were "enhanced" in qualitative evaluation. As internal echoes increased, the proportion of stroma increased and that of mucin decreased. The high level of internal echoes is correlated with reflection and back-scattering, which are caused mainly by the interface between mucin and stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Kaoku
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kuhn K, Rudolph H, Luthardt RG, Stock K, Diebolder R, Hibst R. Er:YAG Laser Activation of Sodium Hypochlorite for Root Canal Soft Tissue Dissolution. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:339-44. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kuhn
- Center of Dentistry; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Heike Rudolph
- Center of Dentistry; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Ralph G. Luthardt
- Center of Dentistry; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Karl Stock
- Institut für Lasertechnologien in der Medizin- und Messtechnik; Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Rolf Diebolder
- Institut für Lasertechnologien in der Medizin- und Messtechnik; Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Raimund Hibst
- Institut für Lasertechnologien in der Medizin- und Messtechnik; Ulm University; 89081 Ulm Germany
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Imai N, Imaizumi K, Ando M, Shimokata T, Ogawa T, Ito S, Hashimoto N, Sato M, Kondo M, Hasegawa Y. Echoic features of lymph nodes with sarcoidosis determined by endobronchial ultrasound. Intern Med 2013; 52:1473-8. [PMID: 23812194 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.9082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a minimally invasive technique with a high diagnostic yield used in the investigation of mediastinal diseases including sarcoidosis. Although previous reports have discussed the echoic features of metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer, few have addressed those features of mediastinal lymph nodes with sarcoidosis. We therefore investigated whether the echoic features of lymph nodes with sarcoidosis are distinct when compared to those of metastatic lymph nodes in lung cancer. METHODS This retrospective analysis was held in one university hospital between April 2007 and June 2011. EBUS-guided biopsies were performed on 219 patients, and thus resulting in sarcoidosis diagnoses in 53 patients. We quantitatively analyzed the echoic morphologic features of 42 lymph nodes from 34 sarcoidosis patients and 59 lymph nodes from 44 patients with lung cancer using digital image analyzing software. RESULTS In patients with sarcoidosis, 64.3% of the lymph nodes had a round shape, 71.4% had a distinct margin, and 88.1% exhibited homogeneous echogenicity. A germinal center structure was observed in 71.4% of the cases. In the context of shape and margin, no significant difference could be observed between sarcoidosis and lung cancer metastasis. However, homogeneous low echogenicity and the presence of a germinal center structure were observed in sarcoidosis more frequently than in lung cancer. CONCLUSION Homogeneous low echogenicity and the presence of a germinal central structure may be distinctive echoic features of lymph nodes with sarcoidosis. Analyzing the echogenicity of the mediastinal lymph nodes may help to distinguish sarcoidosis from lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Imai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Vaccaro C, Busetto R, Bernardini D, Anselmi C, Zotti A. Accuracy and precision of computer-assisted analysis of bone density via conventional and digital radiography in relation to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Am J Vet Res 2012; 73:381-4. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.3.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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