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Zhang J, Liu J, Zhu C, He J, Chen J, Liang Y, Yang F, Wu X, Ma X. Prognostic role of vascular endothelial growth factor in cervical cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24797-24803. [PMID: 28177889 PMCID: PMC5421889 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cervical cancer is controversial to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of VEGF and VEGF-C in patients with cervical cancer. Relevant studies were identified by systematic search of the PubMed and Embase database. The primary data of eligible studies was hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Pooled HR (95% CI) was calculated to evaluate the prognostic role of VEGF and VEGF-C in cervical cancer patients. The methodological qualities of the included studies were assessed using REMARK. Fourteen eligible articles including 1306 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled HRs (95% CIs) of VEGF for OS and DFS/PFS were 2.29 [1.27, 4.14] and 2.77 [1.37, 5.62], respectively. The HR (95% CI) of VEGF-C for OS was 3.94 [2.22, 6.99]. This meta-analysis suggested that high expressions of VEGF and VEGF-C were significantly associated with poor survival outcome in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chenjing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jialing He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jinna Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yunliu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Jiffar T, Yilmaz T, Lee J, Miller Y, Feng L, El-Naggar A, Kupferman ME. Brain derived neutrophic factor (BDNF) coordinates lympho-vascular metastasis through a fibroblast-governed paracrine axis in the tumor microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4. [PMID: 28966935 PMCID: PMC5617346 DOI: 10.14800/ccm.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
It has long been known that the tumor microenvironment contributes to the proliferation and survival of neoplasms through the constant interaction with the stromal and immune compartments. In this investigation, we explored the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) though a complex intercellular BDNF-TrkB signaling system. Our studies show that conditioned media derived from patient-derived CAFs promoted HNSCC cell proliferation, in vitro cell migration, cell invasion and chemotherapy resistance, compared to normal fibroblasts. Furthermore, examination of the in vivo impact of CAF pathophysiology in the tumor microenvironment in animal xenograft models revealed that HNSCC cell lines in combination with CAFs promoted tumor growth and increased incidence of lymphovascular metastasis as compared to injection of tumor cells or CAF cells alone. Using pharmacological and genetic alterations, we mechanistically demonstrate the critical importance of BDNF-TrkB signaling in the tumor microenvironment. These investigations further support the rationale for BDNF/TRKB targeted therapy against in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Jiffar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Turker Yilmaz
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Junegoo Lee
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Yair Miller
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Adel El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael E Kupferman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
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Xia H, Shen J, Chen S, Huang H, Xu Y, Ma H. Overexpression of VEGF-C correlates with a poor prognosis in esophageal cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2017; 17:165-70. [PMID: 27540974 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to clarify the association of VEGF-C with survival in EC patients. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis that included eligible studies to expound the effect of VEGF-C in EC survival. Eligible studies published until November 2015 was identified using available databases. STATA 12.0 was performed in this meta-analysis. RESULTS We identified 13 studies, including 1203 patients, in this meta-analysis. The combined hazard ratio of 1.70 (95% CI, 1.43-2.03, P < 0.001) shows that VEGF-C overexpression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival in EC patients. Furthermore, the results suggested a significant relationship between VEGF-C expression and overall survival was also showed in studies with patient source, patient number ≥ 70, methods detecting VEGF-C by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) or ELISA and histology type. Moreover, combined odds ratio of VEGF-C displayed that VEGF-C overexpression was significantly association with stage, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node status and metastasis of EC (P < 0.05). However, it has no correlation with differentiation degree of EC (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION VEGF-C overexpression shows an unfavorable prognosis for EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Xia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaomu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital (Clinic Center, Soochow University), Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Lymphangiogenesis in cervical cancer evaluated by expression of the VEGF-C gene in clinical stage IB-IIIB. MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2015; 14:112-7. [PMID: 26327898 PMCID: PMC4498023 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2015.49397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to evaluate the profile of VEGF-C gene expression in particular stages of cervical cancer (IB-IIIB) and to estimate the correlation between VEGF-C mRNA quantity profile and clinical stage. Material and methods Material for molecular analysis consisted of cervical cancer tissue specimens collected from 38 women (10, 15, 13 cases were classified as IB, IIB and IIIB, respectively). The control group was composed of normal cervical tissues collected from 10 women who underwent hysterectomy for non-oncological reasons. The number of VEGF-C mRNA copies in particular groups was estimated by the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method. Results In the control group the average number of mRNA copies was 134 ± 36 (median: 106), in a group with stage IB it was 16 077 ± 7090 (median: 580), for stage IIB – 35 019 ± 8945 (median: 40 870). The highest number of mRNA VEGF-C copies was derived in a group of patients with cervical cancer of stage IIIB. The average quantity was 56 155 ± 12 470, whereas median 55 981. A statistically significantly higher level of VEGF-C gene expression was disclosed in cervical cancer specimens with stage IIB and IIIB than in the control group. In stage IIIB, the VEGF-C gene expression was significantly higher than in specimens derived from individuals in stage IB. Conclusions In squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix of stage IB-IIIB genes involved in lymphangiogenesis, especially VEGF-C, are expressed, which expression increases as the clinical stage of cervical cancer is higher.
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Zhu H, Yun F, Shi X, Wang D. VEGF-C inhibition reverses resistance of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin via upregulating maspin. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3163-9. [PMID: 25936422 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to elucidate the association between vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and resistance of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin and the underlying mechanism involving maspin. A total of 32 bladder cancer tissue samples from patients (18 males and 14 females with an average age of 65.9 years) were collected from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Zhengzhou, China). All patients had undergone cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. In addition, the BIU87 human bladder cancer cell line was cultured and a cisplatin-resistant subline (BIU87-CisR) was established by continuous exposure to cisplatin. The mRNA expression levels of VEGF-C and maspin in tissue samples, BIU87 cells and BIU87-CisR cells were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Targeted inhibition of VEGF-C in BIU87-CisR cells was performed using small interfering (si)RNA technology and the alteration in levels of maspin was confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. siRNA-treated and -untreated BIU87-CisR cells were divided into the following four groups: Control group (no drug treatment), 3 μM cisplatin treated group, 3 μM cisplatin + siRNA treated group and the siRNA treated group. Cell viability following treatment in each group was evaluated by the cell counting kit 8 assay. The cell cycle and apoptotic rate of BIU87-CisR cells was analyzed by propidium iodide (PI) staining and Annexin V-PI double staining with flow cytometry. Furthermore, pcDNA-maspin transfected BIU78-CisR cells were used to establish the effect of maspin on the sensitivity to cisplatin. VEGF-C expression in chemoresistant patients and BIU87-CisR cells was significantly increased compared with chemosensitive patients and normal BIU87 cells, respectively. By contrast, maspin levels were lower in chemoresistant patients and BIU87-CisR cells. Subsequent to VEGF-C inhibition, maspin expression was markedly increased. Cisplatin (3 μM) resulted in moderate proliferation inhibition of BIU87-CisR cells without siRNA pretreatment; however, significant inhibition was observed in the VEGF-C siRNA treated group. In addition, the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by cisplatin was enhanced by VEGF-C inhibition. Overexpression of maspin was able to improve the sensitivity of BIU87-CisR cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, the resistance of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin may be induced by upregulation of VEGF-C, and inhibition of VEGF-C reverses resistance by elevating maspin expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Shi
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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Jiang H, Shao W, Zhao W. VEGF-C in non-small cell lung cancer: meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 427:94-9. [PMID: 24144865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to clarify the prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of relevant literature to aggregate the available survival results, using studies published in English until May 2013. Eligible studies dealt with VEGF-C assessment in NSCLC patients on primary lesions and reported survival data according to VEGF-C expression. RESULTS We aggregated 16 trials, comprising 1988 patients, in this meta-analysis. The overall combined hazard ratio (HR) was 1.65 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37-1.98) and was calculated using a random-effects model. It associated high VEGF-C expression with poor survival in all NSCLC patients, including those with stage I NSCLC and high VEGF-C expression (HR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.22-3.28). However, VEGF-C expression did not significantly correlate with survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) (HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.01-2.18). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows that VEGF-C expression is associated with poor prognosis for NSCLC patients, including patients with stage I NSCLC. However, VEGF-C expression is not significantly correlated with survival for patients with lung ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Southeast University, 1-1 Zhongfu Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, PR China.
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Liang B, Guo Z, Li Y, Liu C. Elevated VEGF concentrations in ascites and serum predict adverse prognosis in ovarian cancer. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2013; 73:309-14. [PMID: 23473018 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2013.773593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if serum and ascites VEGF-C concentration could be used as prognostic markers in ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum and ascites VEGF-C were measured in 118 patients with ovarian cancer and 24 patients with benign gynaecological disease. ELISA method was employed to evaluate VEGF-C concentration. RESULTS Serum and ascites in ovarian cancer patients were higher than those in benign gynaecological disease (P < 0.0001). Serum VEGF-C and ascites VEGF-C were both correlated with FIGO stage, tumor grade, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage (P < 0.0001), tumor grade (P < 0.0001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001), serum VEGF-C concentration (P = 0.0001), and ascites VEGF-C concentration (P < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with overall survival. Including these variables in a multivariate analysis revealed that VEGF-C concentrations in serum and ascites were independent predictors of shorter overall survival. CONCLUSION Elevated VEGF-C concentrations in serum and ascites can be seen as the novel, widely available independent predictors of shorter overall survival in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liang
- a High Vocational Technological College, China Medical University , Shenyang
| | - Zhengdong Guo
- a High Vocational Technological College, China Medical University , Shenyang
| | - Yunhui Li
- b Department of Clinical Laboratory , No. 202 Hospital, Shenyang
| | - Chuan Liu
- c Department of Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University , Shenyang, China
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Expression and significance of vascular endothelial growth factor C from multiple specimen sources in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2012; 27:e359-65. [PMID: 23125006 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.2012.9767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) plays an important role in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. This study was designed to analyze the correlation of VEGF-C expression with clinicopathological features and survival in multiple specimen sources from patients with ESCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of VEGF-C in tissues (tVEGF-C), serum (sVEGF-C), and lymph fluid (lVEGF-C) from 48 patients with ESCC was detected by different methods. RESULTS There were significant correlations between a high level of tVEGF-C expression and tumor differentiation, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and metastasis. sVEGF-C was only significantly related to lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and metastasis. The results of lVEGF-C expression were similar to those of tVEGG-C expression, but no relationship to tumor depth was found. High expression levels of tVEGF-C, sVEGF-C and lVEGF-C were significantly associated with shorter overall survival times in univariate analysis (log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS The expression of VEGF-C in multiple specimen sources from patients with ESCC was associated with certain clinicopathological parameters. High expression of VEGF-C may be an important factor related to a poor prognosis of ESCC.
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Kapoor S. Prognostic Significance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C in Systemic Malignancies besides Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2012. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v41n6p273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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