1
|
Merrick CM, Doyle ON, Gallegos NE, Irwin ZT, Olson JW, Gonzalez CL, Knight RT, Ivry RB, Walker HC. Differential contribution of sensorimotor cortex and subthalamic nucleus to unimanual and bimanual hand movements. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad492. [PMID: 38124548 PMCID: PMC10793582 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Why does unilateral deep brain stimulation improve motor function bilaterally? To address this clinical observation, we collected parallel neural recordings from sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) during repetitive ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral hand movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. We used a cross-validated electrode-wise encoding model to map electromyography data to the neural signals. Electrodes in the STN encoded movement at a comparable level for both hands, whereas SMC electrodes displayed a strong contralateral bias. To examine representational overlap across the two hands, we trained the model with data from one condition (contralateral hand) and used the trained weights to predict neural activity for movements produced with the other hand (ipsilateral hand). Overall, between-hand generalization was poor, and this limitation was evident in both regions. A similar method was used to probe representational overlap across different task contexts (unimanual vs. bimanual). Task context was more important for the STN compared to the SMC indicating that neural activity in the STN showed greater divergence between the unimanual and bimanual conditions. These results indicate that SMC activity is strongly lateralized and relatively context-free, whereas the STN integrates contextual information with the ongoing behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Merrick
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Owen N Doyle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Natali E Gallegos
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Zachary T Irwin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Joseph W Olson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Christopher L Gonzalez
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Robert T Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Richard B Ivry
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Harrison C Walker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ricciardi L, Apps M, Little S. Uncovering the neurophysiology of mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms in Parkinson's disease through intracranial recordings. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:136. [PMID: 37735477 PMCID: PMC10514046 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric mood and motivation symptoms (depression, anxiety, apathy, impulse control disorders) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are highly disabling, difficult to treat and exacerbated by current medications and deep brain stimulation therapies. High-resolution intracranial recording techniques have the potential to undercover the network dysfunction and cognitive processes that drive these symptoms, towards a principled re-tuning of circuits. We highlight intracranial recording as a valuable tool for mapping and desegregating neural networks and their contribution to mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms, via the ability to dissect multiplexed overlapping spatial and temporal neural components. This technique can be powerfully combined with behavioral paradigms and emerging computational techniques to model underlying latent behavioral states. We review the literature of intracranial recording studies investigating mood, motivation and behavioral symptomatology with reference to 1) emotional processing, 2) executive control 3) subjective valuation (reward & cost evaluation) 4) motor control and 5) learning and updating. This reveals associations between different frequency specific network activities and underlying cognitive processes of reward decision making and action control. If validated, these signals represent potential computational biomarkers of motivational and behavioural states and could lead to principled therapy development for mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ricciardi
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
| | - Matthew Apps
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon Little
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Centre, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhai Y, Li M, Gui Z, Wang Y, Hu T, Liu Y, Xu F. Whole Brain Mapping of Neurons Innervating Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands in Mice and Rats of Both Genders. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:768125. [PMID: 34776876 PMCID: PMC8585839 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.768125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) secret tears to maintain a homeostatic environment for ocular surfaces, and pheromones to mediate social interactions. Although its distinct gender-related differences in mice and rats have been identified, its comprehensive histology together with whole-brain neuronal network remain largely unknown. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate whether sex-specific differences take place in histological and physiological perspectives. Morphological and histological data were obtained via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining in mice and rats of both genders. The innervating network was visualized by a pseudorabies virus (PRV) mediated retrograde trans-multi-synaptic tracing system for adult C57BL6/J mice of both genders. In terms of ELGs' anatomy, mice and rats across genders both have 7 main lobes, with one exception observed in female rats which have only 5 lobes. Both female rats and mice generally have relatively smaller shape size, absolute weight, and cell size than males. Our viral tracing revealed a similar trend of innervating patterns antero-posteriorly, but significant gender differences were also observed in the hypothalamus (HY), olfactory areas (OLF), and striatum (STR). Brain regions including piriform area (Pir), post-piriform transition area (TR), central amygdalar nucleus (CEA), medial amygdalar nucleus (MEA), lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN), pontin reticular nucleus (caudal part) (PRNc), and parabrachial nucleus, (PB) were commonly labeled. In addition, chemical isotope labeling-assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CIL-LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR spectroscopy) were performed to reveal the fatty acids and metabolism of the ELGs, reflecting the relationship between pheromone secretion and brain network. Overall, our results revealed basic properties and the input neural networks for ELGs in both genders of mice, providing a structural basis to analyze the diverse functions of ELGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhu Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beck AK, Sandmann P, Dürschmid S, Schwabe K, Saryyeva A, Krauss JK. Neuronal activation in the human centromedian-parafascicular complex predicts cortical responses to behaviorally significant auditory events. Neuroimage 2020; 211:116583. [PMID: 32006682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies with non-human primates have suggested an excitatory influence of the thalamus on the cerebral cortex, with the centromedian-parafascicular complex (CM-Pf) being particularly involved in processes of sensory event-driven attention and arousal. To define the involvement of the human CM-Pf in bottom-up and top-down auditory attention, we simultaneously recorded cortical EEG activity and intracranial local field potentials (LFPs) via electrodes implanted for deep brain stimulation for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The patients (N = 6) performed an auditory three-class oddball paradigm with frequent standard stimuli and two types of infrequent deviant stimuli (target and distractor). We found a parietal P3b to targets and a central P3a to distractors at the scalp level. Subcortical recordings in the CM-Pf revealed enhanced activation to targets compared to standards. Interarea-correlation analyses showed that activation in the CM-Pf predicted the generation of longer latency P3b scalp potentials specifically in the target condition. Our results provide first direct human evidence for a functional temporal relationship between target-related activation in the CM-Pf and an enhanced cortical target response. These results corroborate the hypothetical model of a cortico-basal ganglia loop system that switches from top-down to bottom-up mode in response to salient, task-relevant external events that are not predictable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Beck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Pascale Sandmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Dürschmid
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany
| | - Assel Saryyeva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beck AK, Lütjens G, Schwabe K, Dengler R, Krauss JK, Sandmann P. Thalamic and basal ganglia regions are involved in attentional processing of behaviorally significant events: evidence from simultaneous depth and scalp EEG. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:461-474. [PMID: 28871419 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Extensive descriptions exist on cortical responses to change in the acoustic environment. However, the involvement of subcortical regions is not well understood. Here we present simultaneous recordings of cortical and subcortical event-related potentials (ERPs) to different pure tones in patients undergoing surgery for deep brain stimulation (DBS). These patients had externalized electrodes in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), the ventrolateral posterior thalamus (VLp) or the globus pallidus internus (GPi). Subcortical and cortical ERPs were analyzed upon presentation of one frequent non-target stimulus and two infrequent stimuli, either being a target or a distractor stimulus. The results revealed that amplitudes of scalp-recorded P3 and subcortical late attention-modulated responses (AMR) were largest upon presentation of target stimuli compared with distractor stimuli. This suggests that thalamic and basal ganglia regions are sensitive to behaviorally relevant auditory events. Comparison of the subcortical structures showed that responses in VLp have shorter latency than in GPi and STN. Further, the subcortical responses in VLp and STN emerged significantly prior to the cortical P3 response. Our findings point to higher-order cognitive functions already at a subcortical level. Auditory events are categorized as behaviorally relevant in subcortical loops involving basal ganglia and thalamic regions. This label is then distributed to cortical regions by ascending projections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Beck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany.
| | - Götz Lütjens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dengler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
| | - Pascale Sandmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Response inhibition rapidly increases single-neuron responses in the subthalamic nucleus of patients with Parkinson's disease. Cortex 2016; 84:111-123. [PMID: 27745848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) plays a critical role during action inhibition, perhaps by acting like a fast brake on the motor system when inappropriate responses have to be rapidly suppressed. However, the mechanisms involving the STN during motor inhibition are still unclear, particularly because of a relative lack of single-cell responses reported in this structure in humans. In this study, we used extracellular microelectrode recordings during deep brain stimulation surgery in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) to study STN neurophysiological correlates of inhibitory control during a stop signal task. We found two neuronal subpopulations responding either during motor execution (GO units) or during motor inhibition (STOP units). GO units fired selectively before patients' motor responses whereas STOP units fired selectively when patients successfully withheld their move at a latency preceding the duration of the inhibition process. These results provide electrophysiological evidence for the hypothesized role of the STN in current models of response inhibition.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zénon A, Duclos Y, Carron R, Witjas T, Baunez C, Régis J, Azulay JP, Brown P, Eusebio A. The human subthalamic nucleus encodes the subjective value of reward and the cost of effort during decision-making. Brain 2016; 139:1830-43. [PMID: 27190012 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive behaviour entails the capacity to select actions as a function of their energy cost and expected value and the disruption of this faculty is now viewed as a possible cause of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Indirect evidence points to the involvement of the subthalamic nucleus-the most common target for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease-in cost-benefit computation. However, this putative function appears at odds with the current view that the subthalamic nucleus is important for adjusting behaviour to conflict. Here we tested these contrasting hypotheses by recording the neuronal activity of the subthalamic nucleus of patients with Parkinson's disease during an effort-based decision task. Local field potentials were recorded from the subthalamic nucleus of 12 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (mean age 63.8 years ± 6.8; mean disease duration 9.4 years ± 2.5) both OFF and ON levodopa while they had to decide whether to engage in an effort task based on the level of effort required and the value of the reward promised in return. The data were analysed using generalized linear mixed models and cluster-based permutation methods. Behaviourally, the probability of trial acceptance increased with the reward value and decreased with the required effort level. Dopamine replacement therapy increased the rate of acceptance for efforts associated with low rewards. When recording the subthalamic nucleus activity, we found a clear neural response to both reward and effort cues in the 1-10 Hz range. In addition these responses were informative of the subjective value of reward and level of effort rather than their actual quantities, such that they were predictive of the participant's decisions. OFF levodopa, this link with acceptance was weakened. Finally, we found that these responses did not index conflict, as they did not vary as a function of the distance from indifference in the acceptance decision. These findings show that low-frequency neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus may encode the information required to make cost-benefit comparisons, rather than signal conflict. The link between these neural responses and behaviour was stronger under dopamine replacement therapy. Our findings are consistent with the view that Parkinson's disease symptoms may be caused by a disruption of the processes involved in balancing the value of actions with their associated effort cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Zénon
- 1 Institute of Neurosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yann Duclos
- 2 Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Carron
- 3 APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Tatiana Witjas
- 2 Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France 4 APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Christelle Baunez
- 2 Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Régis
- 3 APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Azulay
- 2 Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France 4 APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Peter Brown
- 5 Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alexandre Eusebio
- 2 Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France 4 APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, 13385, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Rektor I, Bočková M, Chrastina J, Rektorová I, Baláž M. The modulatory role of subthalamic nucleus in cognitive functions – A viewpoint. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 126:653-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Huebl J, Spitzer B, Brücke C, Schönecker T, Kupsch A, Alesch F, Schneider GH, Kühn AA. Oscillatory subthalamic nucleus activity is modulated by dopamine during emotional processing in Parkinson's disease. Cortex 2014; 60:69-81. [PMID: 24713195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic denervation in Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to motor deficits but also depression, lack of motivation and apathy. These symptoms can be reversed by dopaminergic treatment, which may even lead to an increased hedonic tone in some patients with PD. Here, we tested the effects of dopamine on emotional processing as indexed by changes in local field potential (LFP) activity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in 28 PD patients undergoing deep brain stimulation. LFP activity from the STN was recorded after the administration of levodopa (ON group) or after overnight withdrawal of medication (OFF group) during presentation of an emotional picture-viewing task. Neutral and emotionally arousing pleasant and unpleasant stimuli were chosen from the International Affective Picture System. We found a double dissociation of the alpha band response depending on dopamine state and stimulus valence: dopamine enhanced the processing of pleasant stimuli, while activation during unpleasant stimuli was reduced, as indexed by the degree of desynchronization in the alpha frequency band. This pattern was reversed in the OFF state and more pronounced in the subgroup of non-depressed PD patients. Further, we found an early gamma band increase with unpleasant stimuli that occurred when ON but not OFF medication and was correlated with stimulus arousal. The late STN alpha band decrease is thought to represent active processing of sensory information. Our findings support the idea that dopamine enhances approach-related processes during late stimulus evaluation in PD. The early gamma band response may represent local encoding of increased attention, which varies as a function of stimulus arousal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julius Huebl
- Department of Neurology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spitzer
- Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof Brücke
- Department of Neurology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schönecker
- Department of Neurology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kupsch
- Department of Neurology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - François Alesch
- Neurosurgical Department of the Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerd-Helge Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Department of Neurology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Buot A, Welter ML, Karachi C, Pochon JB, Bardinet E, Yelnik J, Mallet L. Processing of emotional information in the human subthalamic nucleus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84:1331-8. [PMID: 23100448 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-302158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an efficient target for treating patients with Parkinson's disease as well as patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using high frequency stimulation (HFS). In both Parkinson's disease and OCD patients, STN-HFS can trigger abnormal behaviours, such as hypomania and impulsivity. METHODS To investigate if this structure processes emotional information, and whether it depends on motor demands, we recorded subthalamic local field potentials in 16 patients with Parkinson's disease using deep brain stimulation electrodes. Recordings were made with and without dopaminergic treatment while patients performed an emotional categorisation paradigm in which the response varied according to stimulus valence (pleasant, unpleasant and neutral) and to the instruction given (motor, non-motor and passive). RESULTS Pleasant, unpleasant and neutral stimuli evoked an event related potential (ERP). Without dopamine medication, ERP amplitudes were significantly larger for unpleasant compared with neutral pictures, whatever the response triggered by the stimuli; and the magnitude of this effect was maximal in the ventral part of the STN. No significant difference in ERP amplitude was observed for pleasant pictures. With dopamine medication, ERP amplitudes were significantly increased for pleasant compared with neutral pictures whatever the response triggered by the stimuli, while ERP amplitudes to unpleasant pictures were not modified. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the ventral part of the STN processes the emotional valence of stimuli independently of the motor context and that dopamine enhances processing of pleasant information. These findings confirm the specific involvement of the STN in emotional processes in human, which may underlie the behavioural changes observed in patients with deep brain stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Buot
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nucleus accumbens activity dissociates different forms of salience: evidence from human intracranial recordings. J Neurosci 2013; 33:8764-71. [PMID: 23678119 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5276-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Theoretical models and empirical work indicate a critical role of the NAcc in salience processing. For instance, the NAcc not only responds to appetitive and aversive information, but it also signals novelty, contextual deviance, and action monitoring. However, because most studies have investigated only one specific type of salience independently, it remains unclear how the NAcc concurrently differentiates between different forms of salience. To investigate this issue, we used intracranial electroencephalography in human epilepsy patients together with a previously established visual oddball paradigm. Here, three different oddball categories (novel, neutral, and target images) were infrequently presented among a standard scene image, and subjects responded to the target via button press. This task allowed us to differentiate "item novelty" (new vs neutral oddballs) from "contextual deviance" (neutral oddballs vs standard images) and "targetness" (target vs neutral oddballs). Time-frequency analysis revealed a dissociation between item novelty and contextual deviance on the basis of decreases in either θ (4-8 Hz) or β power (20-30 Hz). Targetness, on the other hand, was signaled by positive deflections in the stimulus-locked local field potentials, which, importantly, correlated with subjects' reaction times. These findings indicate that, in an ongoing stream of information, the NAcc differentiates between types of salience by distinct neural mechanisms to guide goal-directed behavior.
Collapse
|
13
|
Burbaud P, Clair AH, Langbour N, Fernandez-Vidal S, Goillandeau M, Michelet T, Bardinet E, Chéreau I, Durif F, Polosan M, Chabardès S, Fontaine D, Magnié-Mauro MN, Houeto JL, Bataille B, Millet B, Vérin M, Baup N, Krebs MO, Cornu P, Pelissolo A, Arbus C, Simonetta-Moreau M, Yelnik J, Welter ML, Mallet L. Neuronal activity correlated with checking behaviour in the subthalamic nucleus of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 136:304-17. [PMID: 23365104 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Doubt, and its behavioural correlate, checking, is a normal phenomenon of human cognition that is dramatically exacerbated in obsessive-compulsive disorder. We recently showed that deep brain stimulation in the associative-limbic area of the subthalamic nucleus, a central core of the basal ganglia, improved obsessive-compulsive disorder. To understand the physiological bases of symptoms in such patients, we recorded the activity of individual neurons in the therapeutic target during surgery while subjects performed a cognitive task that gave them the possibility of unrestricted repetitive checking after they had made a choice. We postulated that the activity of neurons in this region could be influenced by doubt and checking behaviour. Among the 63/87 task-related neurons recorded in 10 patients, 60% responded to various combinations of instructions, delay, movement or feedback, thus highlighting their role in the integration of different types of information. In addition, task-related activity directed towards decision-making increased during trials with checking in comparison with those without checking. These results suggest that the associative-limbic subthalamic nucleus plays a role in doubt-related repetitive thoughts. Overall, our results not only provide new insight into the role of the subthalamic nucleus in human cognition but also support the fact that subthalamic nucleus modulation by deep brain stimulation reduced compulsive behaviour in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Burbaud
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR5293, Université Victor Segalen, 146, rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Péron J, Frühholz S, Vérin M, Grandjean D. Subthalamic nucleus: a key structure for emotional component synchronization in humans. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:358-73. [PMID: 23318227 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Affective neuroscience is concerned with identifying the neural bases of emotion. For historical and methodological reasons, models describing the brain architecture that supports emotional processes in humans have tended to neglect the basal ganglia, focusing instead on cortical and amygdalar mechanisms. Now, however, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), a neurosurgical treatment for Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorder, is helping researchers explore the possible functional role of this particular basal ganglion in emotional processes. After reviewing studies that have used DBS in this way, we propose a model in which the STN plays a crucial role in producing temporally organized neural co-activation patterns at the cortical and subcortical levels that are essential for generating emotions and related feelings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Péron
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, 7 rue des Battoirs, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Beta reactivity, prospective facilitation of executive processing, and its dependence on dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci 2012; 32:9909-16. [PMID: 22815506 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0275-12.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oscillatory activity in the beta frequency band has been shown to be modulated during the preparation and execution of voluntary movements at both cortical and subcortical levels. The exaggeration of beta activity in the basal ganglia of patients with Parkinson's disease has heightened interest in this phenomenon. However, the precise function, if any, subserved by modulations in beta activity remains unclear. Here we test the hypothesis that beta reactivity can be dissociated from processing of specific actions and can index the salience of cues with respect to future behavior in a way that might help prospectively prioritize resources. To this end we used an experimental paradigm designed to dissociate salient warning cues from processing of specific motor or cognitive actions. We recorded local field potential activity from the subthalamic nucleus of humans undergoing functional neurosurgery for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, while the same patients were on or off the dopamine prodrug levodopa. In this way we demonstrate that beta reactivity is indeed dependent on the salience of cues with respect to future motor and cognitive action and is promoted by dopamine. The loss of normal beta encoding of saliency may underlie some of the motor and cognitive features of basal ganglia disorders such as Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
16
|
Péron J, Dondaine T. [Emotion and basal ganglia (II): what can we learn from subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease?]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2012; 168:642-8. [PMID: 22901366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation Parkinson's disease patient model seems to represent a unique opportunity for studying the functional role of the basal ganglia and notably the subthalamic nucleus in human emotional processing. Indeed, in addition to constituting a therapeutic advance for severely disabled Parkinson's disease patients, deep brain stimulation is a technique, which selectively modulates the activity of focal structures targeted by surgery. There is growing evidence of a link between emotional impairments and deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. In this context, according to the definition of emotional processing exposed in the companion paper available in this issue, the aim of the present review will consist in providing a synopsis of the studies that investigated the emotional disturbances observed in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation Parkinson's disease patients. This review leads to the conclusion that several emotional components would be disrupted after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: subjective feeling, neurophysiological activation, and motor expression. Finally, after a description of the limitations of this study model, we discuss the functional role of the subthalamic nucleus (and the striato-thalamo-cortical circuits in which it is involved) in emotional processing. It seems reasonable to conclude that the striato-thalamo-cortical circuits are indeed involved in emotional processing and that the subthalamic nucleus plays a central in role the human emotional architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Péron
- EA 4712 « behavior and basal ganglia », université Rennes 1, 2, Rennes, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Obeso JA, Lanciego JL. Past, present, and future of the pathophysiological model of the Basal Ganglia. Front Neuroanat 2011; 5:39. [PMID: 21808607 PMCID: PMC3136734 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2011.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current model of basal ganglia (BG) was introduced two decades ago and has settled most of our current understanding of BG function and dysfunction. Extensive research efforts have been carried out in recent years leading to further refinement and understanding of the normal and diseased BG. Several questions, however, are yet to be resolved. This short review provides a synopsis of the evolution of thought regarding the pathophysiological model of the BG and summarizes the main recent findings and additions to this field of research. We have also tried to identify major challenges that need to be addressed and resolved in the near future. Detailed accounts and state-of-the-art developments concerning research on the BG are provided in the articles that make up this Special Issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Obeso
- Neurosciences Division, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra Pamplona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hunt MJ, Falinska M, Łeski S, Wójcik DK, Kasicki S. Differential effects produced by ketamine on oscillatory activity recorded in the rat hippocampus, dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens. J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25:808-21. [PMID: 20413405 DOI: 10.1177/0269881110362126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that NMDA antagonists enhance high-frequency oscillations (130-180 Hz) in the nucleus accumbens. However, whether NMDA antagonists can enhance high-frequency oscillations in other brain regions remains unclear. Here, we used monopolar, bipolar and inverse current source density techniques to examine oscillatory activity in the hippocampus, a region known to generate spontaneous ripples (∼200 Hz), its surrounding tissue, and the dorsal striatum, neuroanatomically related to the nucleus accumbens. In monopolar recordings, ketamine-induced increases in the power of high-frequency oscillations were detected in all structures, although the power was always substantially larger in the nucleus accumbens. In bipolar recordings, considered to remove common-mode input, high-frequency oscillations associated with ketamine injection were not present in the regions we investigated outside the nucleus accumbens. In line with this, inverse current source density showed the greatest changes in current to occur in the vicinity of the nucleus accumbens and a monopolar structure of the generator. We found little spatial localisation of ketamine high-frequency oscillations in other areas. In contrast, sharp-wave ripples, which were well localized to the hippocampus, occurred less frequently after ketamine. Notably, we also found ketamine produced small, but significant, changes in the power of 30-90 Hz gamma oscillations (an increase in the hippocampus and a decrease in the nucleus accumbens).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Hunt
- Laboratory of the Limbic System, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|