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Mahavy CE, Duez P, ElJaziri M, Rasamiravaka T. African Plant-Based Natural Products with Antivirulence Activities to the Rescue of Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110830. [PMID: 33228261 PMCID: PMC7699609 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the thread of widespread superbug infections have led researchers to constantly look for novel effective antimicrobial agents. Within the past two decades, there has been an increase in studies attempting to discover molecules with innovative properties against pathogenic bacteria, notably by disrupting mechanisms of bacterial virulence and/or biofilm formation which are both regulated by the cell-to-cell communication mechanism called ‘quorum sensing’ (QS). Certainly, targeting the virulence of bacteria and their capacity to form biofilms, without affecting their viability, may contribute to reduce their pathogenicity, allowing sufficient time for an immune response to infection and a reduction in the use of antibiotics. African plants, through their huge biodiversity, present a considerable reservoir of secondary metabolites with a very broad spectrum of biological activities, a potential source of natural products targeting such non-microbicidal mechanisms. The present paper aims to provide an overview on two main aspects: (i) succinct presentation of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation as well as their entanglement through QS mechanisms and (ii) detailed reports on African plant extracts and isolated compounds with antivirulence properties against particular pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Emmanuel Mahavy
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Antananarivo, BP 906 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Mondher ElJaziri
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Tsiry Rasamiravaka
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Antananarivo, BP 906 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +261-32-61-903-38
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2
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Harris MO, Pitzschke A. Plants make galls to accommodate foreigners: some are friends, most are foes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1852-1872. [PMID: 31774564 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
At the colonization site of a foreign entity, plant cells alter their trajectory of growth and development. The resulting structure - a plant gall - accommodates various needs of the foreigner, which are phylogenetically diverse: viruses, bacteria, protozoa, oomycetes, true fungi, parasitic plants, and many types of animals, including rotifers, nematodes, insects, and mites. The plant species that make galls also are diverse. We assume gall production costs the plant. All is well if the foreigner provides a gift that makes up for the cost. Nitrogen-fixing nodule-inducing bacteria provide nutritional services. Gall wasps pollinate fig trees. Unfortunately for plants, most galls are made for foes, some of which are deeply studied pathogens and pests: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Rhodococcus fascians, Xanthomonas citri, Pseudomonas savastanoi, Pantoea agglomerans, 'Candidatus' phytoplasma, rust fungi, Ustilago smuts, root knot and cyst nematodes, and gall midges. Galls are an understudied phenomenon in plant developmental biology. We propose gall inception for discovering unifying features of the galls that plants make for friends and foes, talk about molecules that plants and gall-inducers use to get what they want from each other, raise the question of whether plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond in a gall-like manner, and present a research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion O Harris
- Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58014, USA
| | - Andrea Pitzschke
- Department of Biosciences, Salzburg University, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
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Thapa SP, Davis EW, Lyu Q, Weisberg AJ, Stevens DM, Clarke CR, Coaker G, Chang JH. The Evolution, Ecology, and Mechanisms of Infection by Gram-Positive, Plant-Associated Bacteria. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 57:341-365. [PMID: 31283433 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria are prominent members of plant-associated microbial communities. Although many are hypothesized to be beneficial, some are causative agents of economically important diseases of crop plants. Because the features of Gram-positive bacteria are fundamentally different relative to those of Gram-negative bacteria, the evolution and ecology as well as the mechanisms used to colonize and infect plants also differ. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of Gram-positive, plant-associated bacteria and provide a framework for future research directions on these important plant symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree P Thapa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Edward W Davis
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA;
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Alexandra J Weisberg
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA;
| | - Danielle M Stevens
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA;
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Christopher R Clarke
- Genetic Improvement for Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jeff H Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA;
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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4
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Almabruk KH, Chang JH, Mahmud T. Total Synthesis of (±)-Isoperbergins and Correction of the Chemical Structure of Perbergin. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2391-2396. [PMID: 27588436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of its reported chemical structure, perbergin, a Rhodococcus fascians virulence quencher from the bark of Dalbergia pervillei, and its isomer were synthesized in nine steps with a 13.5% yield. However, the NMR spectra of the synthetic products were inconsistent with those reported in the literature. Re-evaluation of the 1D and 2D NMR spectra of the natural product perbergin revealed that the geranyl moiety of this compound is located at C-6 and has an E-configuration, instead of the reported C-8 geranylation with a Z-configuration. Interestingly, the synthetic isoperbergins demonstrated good antibacterial activity against R. fascians, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Staphylococcus aureus, but not against the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled H Almabruk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3507, United States
| | - Jeff H Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902, United States
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3507, United States
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation and Persistence, along with the Production of Quorum Sensing-Dependent Virulence Factors, Are Disrupted by a Triterpenoid Coumarate Ester Isolated from Dalbergia trichocarpa, a Tropical Legume. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132791. [PMID: 26186595 PMCID: PMC4505864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, extracts of Dalbergia trichocarpa bark have been shown to disrupt P. aeruginosa PAO1 quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms, which are key regulators of virulence factor expression and implicated in biofilm formation. One of the active compounds has been isolated and identified as oleanolic aldehyde coumarate (OALC), a novel bioactive compound that inhibits the formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm and its maintenance as well as the expression of the las and rhl QS systems. Consequently, the production of QS-controlled virulence factors including, rhamnolipids, pyocyanin, elastase and extracellular polysaccharides as well as twitching and swarming motilities is reduced. Native acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) production is inhibited by OALC but exogenous supply of AHLs does not restore the production of virulence factors by OALC-treated cultures, indicating that OALC exerts its effect beyond AHLs synthesis in the QS pathways. Further experiments provided a significant inhibition of the global virulence factor activator gacA by OALC. OALC disorganizes established biofilm structure and improves the bactericidal activity of tobramycin against biofilm-encapsulated PAO1 cells. Finally, a significant reduction of Caenorhabditis elegans paralysis was recorded when the worms were infected with OALC-pre-treated P. aeruginosa. Taken together, these results show that triterpenoid coumarate esters are suitable chemical backbones to target P. aeruginosa virulence mechanisms.
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Okusa PN, Rasamiravaka T, Vandeputte O, Stévigny C, Jaziri ME, Duez P. Extracts of Cordia gilletii de wild (Boraginaceae) quench the quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2014; 3:138-43. [PMID: 26401363 PMCID: PMC4576808 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20140710031312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM The fight against infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistances needs the exploration of new active compounds with new proprieties like disrupting quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms, which is a cell-to-cell communication that regulates bacterial virulence factors. In this work, leaves and root barks extracts of a Congolese medicinal plant, Cordia gilletii, were investigated for their effect on the production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa major virulence factors regulated by QS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of C. gilletii extracts on virulence factors of P. aeruginosa PAO1 was studied by the evaluation of the production of pyocyanine, elastase and biofilm; and by the measurement of the expression of QS-related genes. RESULTS The dichloromethane extract from root barks was found to quench the production of pyocyanin, a QS-dependent virulence factor in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Moreover, this extract specifically inhibits the expression of several QS-regulated genes (i.e. lasB, rhlA, lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR) and reduces biofilm formation by PAO1. CONCLUSION This study contributes to explain the efficacy of C. gilletii in the traditional treatment of infectious diseases caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe N Okusa
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Bld du Triomphe, CP 205/09, 1050 Brussels, Belgium ; University of Mons, Laboratoty of Therapeutic Chemistry ad Pharmacognosy, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Tsiry Rasamiravaka
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology, 12 Rue des Professeurs Jenner et Brachet, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vandeputte
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology, 12 Rue des Professeurs Jenner et Brachet, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Bld du Triomphe, CP 205/09, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mondher El Jaziri
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology, 12 Rue des Professeurs Jenner et Brachet, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Free University of Brussels, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Bld du Triomphe, CP 205/09, 1050 Brussels, Belgium ; University of Mons, Laboratoty of Therapeutic Chemistry ad Pharmacognosy, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Creason AL, Vandeputte OM, Savory EA, Davis EW, Putnam ML, Hu E, Swader-Hines D, Mol A, Baucher M, Prinsen E, Zdanowska M, Givan SA, Jaziri ME, Loper JE, Mahmud T, Chang JH. Analysis of genome sequences from plant pathogenic Rhodococcus reveals genetic novelties in virulence loci. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101996. [PMID: 25010934 PMCID: PMC4092121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of Gram-positive Actinobacteria cause economically important diseases to plants. Within the Rhodococcus genus, some members can cause growth deformities and persist as pathogens on a wide range of host plants. The current model predicts that phytopathogenic isolates require a cluster of three loci present on a linear plasmid, with the fas operon central to virulence. The Fas proteins synthesize, modify, and activate a mixture of growth regulating cytokinins, which cause a hormonal imbalance in plants, resulting in abnormal growth. We sequenced and compared the genomes of 20 isolates of Rhodococcus to gain insights into the mechanisms and evolution of virulence in these bacteria. Horizontal gene transfer was identified as critical but limited in the scale of virulence evolution, as few loci are conserved and exclusive to phytopathogenic isolates. Although the fas operon is present in most phytopathogenic isolates, it is absent from phytopathogenic isolate A21d2. Instead, this isolate has a horizontally acquired gene chimera that encodes a novel fusion protein with isopentyltransferase and phosphoribohydrolase domains, predicted to be capable of catalyzing and activating cytokinins, respectively. Cytokinin profiling of the archetypal D188 isolate revealed only one activate cytokinin type that was specifically synthesized in a fas-dependent manner. These results suggest that only the isopentenyladenine cytokinin type is synthesized and necessary for Rhodococcus phytopathogenicity, which is not consistent with the extant model stating that a mixture of cytokinins is necessary for Rhodococcus to cause leafy gall symptoms. In all, data indicate that only four horizontally acquired functions are sufficient to confer the trait of phytopathogenicity to members of the genetically diverse clade of Rhodococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L. Creason
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Olivier M. Vandeputte
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Vegetale, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A. Savory
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Edward W. Davis
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Melodie L. Putnam
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Erdong Hu
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - David Swader-Hines
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Adeline Mol
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Vegetale, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marie Baucher
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Vegetale, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Els Prinsen
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Growth and Development, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Magdalena Zdanowska
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Growth and Development, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Scott A. Givan
- Informatics Research Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Mondher El Jaziri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Vegetale, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Joyce E. Loper
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jeff H. Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nacoulma AP, Megalizzi V, Pottier LR, De Lorenzi M, Thoret S, Dubois J, Vandeputte OM, Duez P, Vereecke D, Jaziri ME. Potent antiproliferative cembrenoids accumulate in tobacco upon infection with Rhodococcus fascians and trigger unusual microtubule dynamics in human glioblastoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77529. [PMID: 24167576 PMCID: PMC3805576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Though plant metabolic changes are known to occur during interactions with bacteria, these were rarely challenged for pharmacologically active compounds suitable for further drug development. Here, the occurrence of specific chemicals with antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines was evidenced in hyperplasia (leafy galls) induced when plants interact with particular phytopathogens, such as the Actinomycete Rhodococcus fascians. METHODS We examined leafy galls fraction F3.1.1 on cell proliferation, cell division and cytoskeletal disorganization of human cancer cell lines using time-lapse videomicroscopy imaging, combined with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis. We determined the F3.1.1-fraction composition by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. RESULTS The leafy galls induced on tobacco by R. fascians yielded fraction F3.1.1 which inhibited proliferation of glioblastoma U373 cells with an IC50 of 4.5 µg/mL, F.3.1.1 was shown to increase cell division duration, cause nuclear morphological deformations and cell enlargement, and, at higher concentrations, karyokinesis defects leading to polyploidization and apoptosis. F3.1.1 consisted of a mixture of isomers belonging to the cembrenoids. The cellular defects induced by F3.1.1 were caused by a peculiar cytoskeletal disorganization, with the occurrence of fragmented tubulin and strongly organized microtubule aggregates within the same cell. Colchicine, paclitaxel, and cembrene also affected U373 cell proliferation and karyokinesis, but the induced microtubule rearrangement was very different from that provoked by F3.1.1. Altogether our data indicate that the cembrenoid isomers in F3.1.1 have a unique mode of action and are able to simultaneously modulate microtubule polymerization and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminata P. Nacoulma
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Megalizzi
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent R. Pottier
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manuela De Lorenzi
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylviane Thoret
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre national de la recherche scientifique Unité PR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joëlle Dubois
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre national de la recherche scientifique Unité PR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier M. Vandeputte
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Danny Vereecke
- Department of Plant Production, University College Ghent, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Mondher El Jaziri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
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9
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Nacoulma AP, Vandeputte OM, De Lorenzi M, El Jaziri M, Duez P. Metabolomic-based study of the leafy gall, the ecological niche of the phytopathogen Rhodococcus fascians, as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12533-49. [PMID: 23771021 PMCID: PMC3709798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140612533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Leafy gall is a plant hyperplasia induced upon Rhodococcus fascians infection. Previously, by genomic and transcriptomic analysis, it has been reported that, at the early stage of symptom development, both primary and secondary metabolisms are modified. The present study is based on the hypothesis that fully developed leafy gall, could represent a potential source of new bioactive compounds. Therefore, non-targeted metabolomic analysis of aqueous and chloroform extracts of leafy gall and non-infected tobacco was carried out by 1H-NMR coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Polar metabolite profiling reflects modifications mainly in the primary metabolites and in some polyphenolics. In contrast, main modifications occurring in non-polar metabolites concern secondary metabolites, and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) evidenced alterations in diterpenoids family. Analysis of crude extracts of leafy galls and non-infected tobacco leaves exhibited a distinct antiproliferative activity against all four tested human cancer cell lines. A bio-guided fractionation of chloroformic crude extract yield to semi-purified fractions, which inhibited proliferation of glioblastoma U373 cells with IC50 between 14.0 and 2.4 µg/mL. Discussion is focused on the consequence of these metabolic changes, with respect to plant defense mechanisms following infection. Considering the promising role of diterpenoid family as bioactive compounds, leafy gall may rather be a propitious source for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminata P. Nacoulma
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels B-1050, Belgium; E-Mail:
| | - Olivier M. Vandeputte
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, Gosselies B-6041, Belgium; E-Mails: (O.M.V.); (M.E.J.)
| | - Manuella De Lorenzi
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels B-1050, Belgium; E-Mail:
| | - Mondher El Jaziri
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, Gosselies B-6041, Belgium; E-Mails: (O.M.V.); (M.E.J.)
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels B-1050, Belgium; E-Mail:
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10
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Stes E, Francis I, Pertry I, Dolzblasz A, Depuydt S, Vereecke D. The leafy gall syndrome induced byRhodococcus fascians. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 342:187-94. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Stes
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics; Ghent University; Gent; Belgium
| | - Isolde Francis
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics; Ghent University; Gent; Belgium
| | - Ine Pertry
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics; Ghent University; Gent; Belgium
| | - Alicja Dolzblasz
- Institute of Experimental Biology; Department of Plant Developmental Biology; Wrocław University; Wrocław; Poland
| | | | - Danny Vereecke
- Department of Plant Production; University College Ghent; Ghent University; Gent; Belgium
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11
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Rasamiravaka T, Jedrzejowski A, Kiendrebeogo M, Rajaonson S, Randriamampionona D, Rabemanantsoa C, Andriantsimahavandy A, Rasamindrakotroka A, Duez P, El Jaziri M, Vandeputte OM. Endemic malagasy Dalbergia species inhibit quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2013; 159:924-938. [PMID: 23449917 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.064378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Various species of the plant genus Dalbergia are traditionally used as medicine for sundry ailments and some of them have been shown recently to quench the virulence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cell-to-cell communication mechanisms, quorum sensing (QS) in particular, are key regulators of virulence in many pathogenic bacteria. Screening n-hexane extracts of leaves, roots and bark of endemic Malagasy Dalbergia species for their capacity to antagonize QS mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 showed that many reduced the expression of the QS-regulated genes lasB and rhlA. However, only the extract of Dalbergia trichocarpa bark (DTB) showed a significant reduction of QS gene expression without any effect on the aceA gene encoding a QS-independent isocitrate lyase. Further characterization of DTB impact on QS revealed that the QS systems las and rhl are inhibited and that swarming, twitching, biofilm formation and the production of pyocyanin, elastase and proteases are also hampered in the presence of the DTB extract. Importantly, compared with the known QS inhibitor naringenin, the DTB extract showed a stronger negative effect on twitching, biofilm formation and tobramycin resistance. Preliminary structural characterization of these potent biofilm disrupters suggests that they belong to the phytosterols. The strong inhibition of motility and biofilm formation suggests that the DTB extract contains agents disrupting biofilm architecture, which is an important observation in the context of the design of new drugs targeting biofilm-encapsulated pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsiry Rasamiravaka
- Laboratoire de Formation et de Recherche en Biologie Médicale, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P. 566 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.,Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Anaïs Jedrzejowski
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Martin Kiendrebeogo
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquées, Université de Ouagadougou, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso.,Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sanda Rajaonson
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P. 906 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.,Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Denis Randriamampionona
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P. 906 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.,Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Christian Rabemanantsoa
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et de Biotechnologie, Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées (IMRA), B.P. 3833 Avarabohitra Itaosy, Antananarivo 102, Madagascar
| | - Abel Andriantsimahavandy
- Laboratoire de Formation et de Recherche en Biologie Médicale, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P. 566 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Andry Rasamindrakotroka
- Laboratoire de Formation et de Recherche en Biologie Médicale, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P. 566 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mondher El Jaziri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Olivier M Vandeputte
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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12
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Francis I, De Keyser A, De Backer P, Simón-Mateo C, Kalkus J, Pertry I, Ardiles-Diaz W, De Rycke R, Vandeputte OM, El Jaziri M, Holsters M, Vereecke D. pFiD188, the linear virulence plasmid of Rhodococcus fascians D188. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2012; 25:637-47. [PMID: 22482837 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-11-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rhodococcus fascians is currently the only phytopathogen of which the virulence genes occur on a linear plasmid. To get insight into the origin of this replicon and into the virulence strategy of this broad-spectrum phytopathogen, the sequence of the linear plasmid of strain D188, pFiD188, was determined. Analysis of the 198,917 bp revealed four syntenic regions with linear plasmids of R. erythropolis, R. jostii, and R. opacus, suggesting a common origin of these replicons. Mutational analysis of pFi_086 and pFi_102, similar to cutinases and type IV peptidases, respectively, showed that conserved region R2 was involved in plasmid dispersal and pointed toward a novel function for actinobacterial cutinases in conjugation. Additionally, pFiD188 had three regions that were unique for R. fascians. Functional analysis of the stk and nrp loci of regions U2 and U3, respectively, indicated that their role in symptom development was limited compared with that of the previously identified fas, att, and hyp virulence loci situated in region U1. Thus, pFiD188 is a typical rhodococcal linear plasmid with a composite structure that encodes core functions involved in plasmid maintenance and accessory functions, some possibly acquired through horizontal gene transfer, implicated in virulence and the interaction with the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isolde Francis
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
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13
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Stes E, Vandeputte OM, El Jaziri M, Holsters M, Vereecke D. A successful bacterial coup d'état: how Rhodococcus fascians redirects plant development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2011; 49:69-86. [PMID: 21495844 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rhodococcus fascians is a gram-positive phytopathogen that induces differentiated galls, known as leafy galls, on a wide variety of plants, employing virulence genes located on a linear plasmid. The pathogenic strategy consists of the production of a mixture of six synergistically acting cytokinins that overwhelm the plant's homeostatic mechanisms, ensuring the activation of a signaling cascade that targets the plant cell cycle and directs the newly formed cells to differentiate into shoot meristems. The shoots that are formed upon infection remain immature and never convert to source tissues resulting in the establishment of a nutrient sink that is a niche for the epiphytic and endophytic R. fascians subpopulations. Niche formation is accompanied by modifications of the transcriptome, metabolome, physiology, and morphology of both host and pathogen. Here, we review a decade of research and set the outlines of the molecular basis of the leafy gall syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Stes
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
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