1
|
Nagasaki T, Akiyoshi T, Ueno M, Fukunaga Y, Nagayama S, Fujimoto Y, Konishi T, Arai M, Yamaguchi T. Feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for metachronous colorectal cancer. Surg Today 2014; 45:434-8. [PMID: 24840401 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-014-0925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for metachronous colorectal cancer in patients who had previously undergone surgery for primary colorectal cancer. METHODS Of the 52 patients who underwent curative resection for metachronous colorectal cancer from August 2004 to April 2013, 26 each underwent laparoscopic and open surgery. Their clinical characteristics and surgical and postoperative outcomes were compared. RESULTS The percentage of patients who underwent previous open surgery was significantly higher in the open group than in the laparoscopic group (92.3 vs. 65.4 %). The body mass index was higher in the laparoscopic group than in the open group (23.8 vs. 21.1 kg/m(2)), and the amount of blood loss was significantly smaller in the laparoscopic than in the open group (30 vs. 195 ml); however, the mean operative time did not differ significantly. The time to first flatus (1 vs. 3 days) and first stool (2 vs. 3.5 days), as well as the length of postoperative hospital stay (10 vs. 16 days), was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group than in the open group, although the rates of postoperative complications did not differ (15.4 vs. 23.1 %). CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic surgery for metachronous colorectal cancer shows short-term benefits compared with open surgery and should be considered as a treatment option in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Nagasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mizrahi I, Mazeh H. Role of laparoscopy in rectal cancer: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:4900-4907. [PMID: 24803801 PMCID: PMC4009521 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i17.4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite established evidence on the advantages of laparoscopy in colon cancer resection, the use of laparoscopy for rectal cancer resection is still controversial. The initial concern was mainly regarding the feasibility of laparoscopy to achieve an adequate total mesorectal excision specimen. These concerns have been raised following early studies demonstrating higher rates of circumferential margins positivity following laparoscopic resection, as compared to open surgery. Similar to colon resection, patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are expected to benefit from a shorter length of hospital stay, less analgesic requirements, and a faster recovery of bowel function. In the past decade there have been an increasing number of large scale clinical trials investigating the oncological and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic rectal cancer resection. In this review we summarize the current literature available on laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rajab TK, Kimonis KO, Ali E, Offodile AC, Brady M, Bleday R. Practical implications of postoperative adhesions for preoperative consent and operative technique. Int J Surg 2013; 11:753-6. [PMID: 23962663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adhesions complicate most intra-peritoneal operations. Once adhesions have formed, patients are at life-long risk for complications that include small bowel obstruction, increased risks during subsequent operations and female infertility. This has two implications for the daily work of surgeons. On the one hand, surgeons need to include the risks from adhesions during pre-operative consent. On the other hand, surgeons need to use operative techniques that minimize adhesions. Therefore this review focuses on the practical implications of adhesions for preoperative consent and operative technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taufiek Konrad Rajab
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reshef A, Hull TL, Kiran RP. Risk of adhesive obstruction after colorectal surgery: the benefits of the minimally invasive approach may extend well beyond the perioperative period. Surg Endosc 2012; 27:1717-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-012-2663-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Burns EM, Currie A, Bottle A, Aylin P, Darzi A, Faiz O. Minimal-access colorectal surgery is associated with fewer adhesion-related admissions than open surgery. Br J Surg 2012; 100:152-9. [PMID: 23148018 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.8964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe national intermediate-term admission rates for incisional hernia or clinically apparent adhesions following colorectal surgery, and to compare rates following laparoscopic and open approaches. METHODS Patients undergoing primary colorectal resection between 2002 and 2008 were included from the Hospital Episode Statistics database. Subsequent inpatient admissions were extracted for up to 3 years after the initial operation or to the end of the study period. Outcomes examined were admissions with a diagnosis of, or operative interventions for, incisional hernia or adhesions. RESULTS A total of 187 148 patients were included between 2002 and 2008, with median follow-up of 31·8 (interquartile range 13·1-35·3) months. Some 8885 (4·7 per cent) of these patients were admitted with a diagnosis of, or underwent a repair of, an incisional hernia. In multiple regression analysis, use of laparoscopy was not a predictor of operative intervention for incisional hernia (odds ratio 1·09, 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 0·99 to 1·21; P = 0·083). Some 15 125 (8·1 per cent) of the patients were admitted with a diagnosis of adhesions or had a procedure for division of adhesions. Overall, 3·5 per cent (6637 of 187 148) of patients underwent adhesiolysis. Patients selected for a laparoscopic procedure had lower rates of admission for adhesions (6·3 per cent (692 of 11 013) for laparoscopic versus 8·2 per cent (14 433 of 176 135) for open surgery; P < 0·001) and reintervention for adhesions (2·8 per cent (305 of 11 013) versus 3·6 per cent (6325 of 176 135) respectively; P < 0·001) than those undergoing an open procedure. In multiple regression analysis, patients selected for a laparoscopic procedure had lower subsequent intervention rates for adhesions (odds ratio 0·80, 95 per cent c.i. 0·71 to 0·90; P < 0·001). DISCUSSION Patients undergoing colorectal resection who are selected for the laparoscopic approach have a lower risk of developing clinically significant adhesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Burns
- Department of Surgery, Imperial College, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang JC, Yeh CC, Hsieh CH. Laparoscopic Management for Seprafilm-Induced Sterile Peritonitis With Paralytic Ileus: Report of 2 Cases. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012; 19:663-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
7
|
Dhal PK, Gianolio DA, Miller RJ. (Bio)polymeric Hydrogels as Therapeutic Agents. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2011.620418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
8
|
O'Neill MT, Ni Dhonnchu T, Brannigan AE. Topic update: effects of colorectal cancer treatments on female fertility and potential methods for fertility preservation. Dis Colon Rectum 2011; 54:363-9. [PMID: 21304311 DOI: 10.1007/dcr.0b013e31820240b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preservation of fertility in young females with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer is gaining increasing importance as survival rates of cancer increase. This review examines the effects of pelvic surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy on fecundity. It also discusses the options available to patients including ovarian transposition, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, embryo and ovarian cryopreservation, and ovarian tissue transplantation. METHODS A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library was performed using keywords and exploded Mesh search headings and the subsequent articles were reviewed. Relevant studies were included. RESULTS There are no studies that examine the effect of surgery for colorectal cancer on female fertility, in particular, surgery below the peritoneal reflection for rectal cancer. However, patients with familial adenomatous polyposis have a similar fecundity before and after proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. These patients did significantly better than patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent the same procedure. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of open vs laparoscopic surgery on fertility. Oxaliplatin, an adjuvant therapy, has moderate gonadotoxic effects. Fluorouracil is considered to have almost no effect on human reproductive function. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are currently used to preserve female fecundity during chemotherapy. A recent update of patients treated for Hodgkin lymphoma showed that significantly fewer women treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist during chemotherapy exhibited premature ovarian failure. Ovarian transposition reduces the radiation dose to approximately 5% to 10% of the dose to the ovaries in their normal position. Other options are available to women with cancer who wish to preserve their germ line, including embryo and oocyte cryopreservation and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. CONCLUSION Significant advances are now allowing females to preserve their fertility after cancer treatment. It is essential that patients receive adequate fertility counseling before any intervention to give them an opportunity to consider fertility alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Teresa O'Neill
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Catena F, Di Saverio S, Kelly MD, Biffl WL, Ansaloni L, Mandalà V, Velmahos GC, Sartelli M, Tugnoli G, Lupo M, Mandalà S, Pinna AD, Sugarbaker PH, Van Goor H, Moore EE, Jeekel J. Bologna Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction (ASBO): 2010 Evidence-Based Guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery. World J Emerg Surg 2011; 6:5. [PMID: 21255429 PMCID: PMC3037327 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7922-6-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is no consensus on diagnosis and management of ASBO. Initial conservative management is usually safe, however proper timing for discontinuing non operative treatment is still controversial. Open surgery or laparoscopy are used without standardized indications. Methods A panel of 13 international experts with interest and background in ASBO and peritoneal diseases, participated in a consensus conference during the 1st International Congress of the World Society of Emergency Surgery and 9th Peritoneum and Surgery Society meeting, in Bologna, July 1-3, 2010, for developing evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and management of ASBO. Whenever was a lack of high-level evidence, the working group formulated guidelines by obtaining consensus. Recommendations In absence of signs of strangulation and history of persistent vomiting or combined CT scan signs (free fluid, mesenteric oedema, small bowel faeces sign, devascularized bowel) patients with partial ASBO can be managed safely with NOM and tube decompression (either with long or NG) should be attempted. These patients are good candidates for Water Soluble Contrast Medium (WSCM) with both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The appearance of water-soluble contrast in the colon on X-ray within 24 hours from administration predicts resolution. WSCM may be administered either orally or via NGT (50-150 ml) both immediately at admission or after an initial attempt of conservative treatment of 48 hours. The use of WSCM for ASBO is safe and reduces need for surgery, time to resolution and hospital stay. NOM, in absence of signs of strangulation or peritonitis, can be prolonged up to 72 hours. After 72 hours of NOM without resolution surgery is recommended. Patients treated non-operatively have shorter hospital stay, but higher recurrence rate and shorter time to re-admission, although the risk of new surgically treated episodes of ASBO is unchanged. Risk factors for recurrences are age <40 years and matted adhesions. WSCM does not affect recurrence rates or recurrences needing surgery when compared to traditional conservative treatment. Open surgery is the preferred method for surgical treatment of strangulating ASBO as well as after failed conservative management. In selected patients and with appropriate skills, laparoscopic approach can be attempted using open access technique. Access in the left upper quadrant should be safe. Laparoscopic adhesiolysis should be attempted preferably in case of first episode of SBO and/or anticipated single band. A low threshold for open conversion should be maintained. Peritoneal adhesions should be prevented. Hyaluronic acid-carboxycellulose membrane and icodextrin can reduce incidence of adhesions. Icodextrin may reduce the risk of re-obstruction. HA cannot reduce need of surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Catena
- Emergency Surgery Unit, Department of General and Multivisceral Transplant Surgery, S, Orsola Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schnüriger B, Barmparas G, Branco BC, Lustenberger T, Inaba K, Demetriades D. Prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions: a review of the literature. Am J Surg 2011; 201:111-21. [PMID: 20817145 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND postoperative adhesions are a significant health problem with major implications on quality of life and health care expenses. The purpose of this review was to investigate the efficacy of preventative techniques and adhesion barriers and identify those patients who are most likely to benefit from these strategies. METHODS the National Library of Medicine, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were used to identify articles related to postoperative adhesions. RESULTS ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, open colectomy, and open gynecologic procedures are associated with the highest risk of adhesive small-bowel obstruction (class I evidence). Based on expert opinion (class III evidence) intraoperative preventative principles, such as meticulous hemostasis, avoiding excessive tissue dissection and ischemia, and reducing remaining surgical material have been published. Laparoscopic techniques, with the exception of appendicitis, result in fewer adhesions than open techniques (class I evidence). Available bioabsorbable barriers, such as hyaluronic acid/carboxymethylcellulose and icodextrin 4% solution, have been shown to reduce adhesions (class I evidence). CONCLUSIONS postoperative adhesions are a significant health problem with major implications on quality of life and health care. General intraoperative preventative techniques, laparoscopic techniques, and the use of bioabsorbable mechanical barriers in the appropriate cases reduce the incidence and severity of peritoneal adhesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beat Schnüriger
- Los Angeles County Medical Center, University of Southern California, Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, LAC + USC Medical Center, Room 1105, 1200 North State St, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rajab TK, Ahmad UN, Kelly E. Implications of late complications from adhesions for preoperative informed consent. J R Soc Med 2010; 103:317-21. [PMID: 20610617 DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.2010.090378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of informed consent is a critical aspect of the doctor-patient relationship. Doctors have a professional duty to provide patients with sufficient information if a treatment is associated with a significant risk. NHS guidelines advise doctors to mention risks that occur more frequently than 1-2% or risks that are serious even if the likelihood is very small. In the case of abdominal and pelvic surgery, risks can broadly be divided into early and late complications. Early complications, such as bleeding and infection, have a close temporal relationship with the operation. Such complications are routinely mentioned during the consent process. In contrast, postoperative adhesions cause changes in the normal anatomy that can adversely affect function many years and even decades after the original operation, leaving patients at lifelong risk for late complications. These late adhesive complications, namely bowel obstruction, mechanical female infertility and chronic pain, are often neglected during the consent process. However, the risks to patients from late adhesive complications are serious and well in excess of the accepted threshold where it could be considered a breach in the duty of care not to inform patients. This is reflected by a number of claims against the NHS based on consent issues regarding late adhesive complications of surgery. Therefore, late complications of surgery from adhesions should be included in the pre-operative consent process. This would decrease litigation costs but more importantly also underpins the doctor-patient relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taufiek Konrad Rajab
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peritoneal damage: the inflammatory response and clinical implications of the neuro-immuno-humoral axis. World J Surg 2010; 34:704-20. [PMID: 20049432 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-009-0382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peritoneum is a bilayer serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. We present a review of peritoneal structure and physiology, with a focus on the peritoneal inflammatory response to surgical injury and its clinical implications. METHODS We conducted a nonsystematic clinical review. A search of the Ovid MEDLINE database from 1950 through January 2009 was performed using the following search terms: peritoneum, adhesions, cytokine, inflammation, and surgery. RESULTS The peritoneum is a metabolically active organ, responding to insult through a complex array of immunologic and inflammatory cascades. This response increases with the duration and extent of injury and is central to the concept of surgical stress, manifesting via a combination of systemic effects, and local neural pathways via the neuro-immuno-humoral axis. There may be a decreased systemic inflammatory response after minimally invasive surgery; however, it is unclear whether this is due to a reduced local peritoneal reaction. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that dampen the peritoneal response and/or block the neuro-immuno-humoral pathway should be further investigated as possible avenues of enhancing recovery after surgery, and reducing postoperative complications.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kraemer B, Birch JC, Birch JV, Petri N, Ahmad U, Marikar D, Wallwiener M, Wallwiener C, Foran A, Rajab TK. Patients’ awareness of postoperative adhesions: results from a multi-centre study and online survey. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 283:1069-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Solomon L, Dhandapani R, Brown R. Low documentation of postoperative adhesions on consent forms for laparotomy. J Perioper Pract 2010; 20:148-150. [PMID: 20446626 DOI: 10.1177/175045891002000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the documentation of postoperative adhesions as a potential complication of laparotomy on consent forms. METHOD Retrospective study of hospital notes of 102 adult patients that underwent laparotomy over a two year period. RESULTS Intraperitoneal adhesions were documented as a postoperative risk on 10 consent forms (9.8%) only. CONCLUSION The results imply that most patients were not informed of this common postoperative complication and this may have medicolegal and risk management implications.
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Saedon
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of North Tees, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dhal PK, Polomoscanik SC, Avila LZ, Holmes-Farley SR, Miller RJ. Functional polymers as therapeutic agents: concept to market place. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:1121-30. [PMID: 19682515 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biologically active synthetic polymers have received considerable scientific interest and attention in recent years for their potential as promising novel therapeutic agents to treat human diseases. Although a significant amount of research has been carried out involving polymer-linked drugs as targeted and sustained release drug delivery systems and prodrugs, examples on bioactive polymers that exhibit intrinsic therapeutic properties are relatively less. Several appealing characteristics of synthetic polymers including high molecular weight, molecular architecture, and controlled polydispersity can all be utilized to discover a new generation of therapies. For example, high molecular weight bioactive polymers can be restricted to gastrointestinal tract, where they can selectively recognize, bind, and remove target disease causing substances from the body. The appealing features of GI tract restriction and stability in biological environment render these polymeric drugs to be devoid of systemic toxicity that are generally associated with small molecule systemic drugs. The present article highlights recent developments in the rational design and synthesis of appropriate functional polymers that have resulted in a number of promising polymer based therapies and biomaterials, including some marketed products.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rajab TK, Wallwiener M, Talukdar S, Kraemer B. Adhesion-related complications are common, but rarely discussed in preoperative consent: a multicenter study. World J Surg 2009; 33:748-50. [PMID: 19194740 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-008-9917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal adhesions are recognized as an important cause for patient morbidity, but complications related to adhesions occur relatively late after the original operation. Therefore preoperative consent may not adequately reflect the proportions of the problem. METHODS A total of 200 patients admitted for intraperitoneal operations at six hospitals were prospectively reviewed to identify whether adhesion-related complications were documented as possible adverse events in their respective consent forms. RESULTS Adhesion-related complications were documented in 8.5% (n=17) of consent forms (bowel obstruction n=8, requirement for further operations n=5, difficult reoperation n=1, pain n=3). A direct relationship with adhesions was noted in n=9 of these consent forms. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative informed consent does not adequately reflect the magnitude of adhesion-related problems. These findings have immediate implications for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taufiek Konrad Rajab
- Department of Surgery, Central Middlesex Hospital, Imperial College London, London, NW10 7NS, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Medico-legal consequences of post-operative intra-abdominal adhesions. Int J Surg 2009; 7:187-91. [PMID: 19389492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Post-operative adhesions are an almost invariable consequence of abdominal or pelvic surgery, no matter whether this is performed by the open or laparoscopic technique. Their most important morbidity is small bowel obstruction, but other sequelae include female infertility and dyspareunia, and increased risk of visceral injury at any subsequent laparotomy or laparoscopy. Whether chronic abdominal pain is truly a consequence of adhesions is still a matter of some discussion, but it is likely to be accepted as an entity both by patients and by their legal advisors. While there is currently a scarcity of published literature on the subject, a recent assessment of adhesion-related medico-legal claims dealt with by the British medical defence associations has been undertaken. Successful medico-legal claims include cases of bowel perforation after laparoscopic division of adhesions, delays in the diagnosis of adhesion obstruction of the small bowel, infertility as a result of adhesions and 'pain'. This problem is unlikely to be unique to the UK alone and general practitioners, surgeons and gynaecologists worldwide need to be aware of the increasing burden of medico-legal claims arising from the complications of intra-abdominal adhesions. Most importantly they need to consider whether it is now timely to take steps to avoid them.
Collapse
|
19
|
Tyler J, Mcdermott D, Levoyer T. Sterile Intra-Abdominal Fluid Collection Associated with Seprafilm Use. Am Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/000313480807401114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative abdominal adhesions are a significant cause of morbidity and expenditure of healthcare resources. As a result, numerous substances have been studied in an effort to reduce the incidence of adhesive disease. Seprafilm, a hyaluronate-based bioresorbable membrane, has been the subject of considerable research and has been found to be both safe and effective in reducing postoperative adhesions. We report three cases of the development of sterile abdominal fluid collection after the use of Seprafilm in colorectal surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshuaa Tyler
- Department of General Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Dustin Mcdermott
- Department of General Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Thomas Levoyer
- Department of General Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Spanos CP, Mamopoulos A, Tsapas A, Syrakos T, Kiskinis D. Female fertility and colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2008; 23:735-43. [PMID: 18458919 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-008-0483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is estimated that the incidence of cancer in women aged 40 years or less is 8%. Females under the age of 40 are in their childbearing years. In the Western world, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. It is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA. The incidence of CRC in patients under 40 is 3-6%. Over the past decades, there has been a significant improvement in survival rates due to progress in cancer treatment, including CRC. This has been achieved with advances in adjuvant chemotherapeutic regimens. In the case of locally advanced rectal cancer, radiation therapy is also used. Treatment for CRC may have adverse effects on female fertility. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effects of treatment of CRC on female fertility as well as the options for fertility preservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of relevant English language articles was performed on the basis of a MEDLINE search of the keywords: female, fertility, fecundity, colon, rectal cancer, fertility preservation, chemotherapy, and radiation. RESULTS Surgical resection for colon cancer possibly has no effect on female fertility. Resection below the peritoneal reflection may adversely affect fertility, based on lower fertility and fecundity rates associated with pelvic surgery for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. Standard 5-FU-based chemotherapy may not have significant effects. The advent of oxaliplatin in adjuvant chemotherapy may be more harmful. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant radiation therapy may cause premature ovarian failure using current dosing schedules. The effect of pregnancy and female hormones on the incidence, progression, and recurrence of CRC remains unclear. Established methods for fertility preservation include ovarian transposition and embryo cryopreservation. Oocyte cryopreservation has yielded inferior results. An investigational fertility preservation method is ovarian tissue cryopreservation, with promising results. Ovarian suppression and the use of apoptotic inhibitors are also investigational at present. CONCLUSION Young female patients need to be informed about the effects of treatment on fertility and options for fertility preservation. A multidisciplinary approach for appropriate consultation of these patients is mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constantine P Spanos
- Department of Surgery, Aristotelian University, 15 Fitziou Street, N751, Panorama, Thessaloniki, 55236, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Parker MC, Wilson MS, van Goor H, Moran BJ, Jeekel J, Duron JJ, Menzies D, Wexner SD, Ellis H. Adhesions and colorectal surgery - call for action. Colorectal Dis 2007; 9 Suppl 2:66-72. [PMID: 17824973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence highlights that adhesions are now the most frequent complication of abdominopelvic surgery, yet many surgeons are still not aware of the extent of the problem and its serious consequences. While many patients go through life without apparent problems, adhesions are the major cause of small bowel obstruction and a leading cause of infertility and chronic pelvic pain in women. Moreover, adhesions complicate future abdominal surgery with important associated morbidity and expense and a considerable risk of mortality. Studies have shown that despite advances in surgical techniques in recent years, the burden of adhesion-related complications has not changed. Adhesiolysis remains the main treatment even though adhesions reform in most patients. Recent developments in adhesion-reduction strategies and new anti-adhesion agents do, however, offer a realistic possibility of reducing the risk of adhesions forming and potentially improving the clinical outcomes for patients and reducing the associated onward burden to healthcare systems. This paper provides a synopsis of the impact and extent of the problem of adhesions with reference to the wider literature and also consideration of the key note papers presented in this special supplement to Colorectal Disease. It considers the evidence of the risk of adhesions in colorectal surgery and the opportunities and strategies for improvement. The paper acts as a 'call for action' to colorectal surgeons to make prevention of adhesions more of a priority and importantly to inform patients of the risks associated with adhesion-related complications during the consent process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Parker
- Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, Kent, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|