Spontaneous rupture of the bladder

Generalized Peritonitis Secondary to Spontaneous Rupture of the Urinary Bladder

A spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) is an exceedingly rare surgical emergency that might be misdiagnosed, resulting in a high mortality risk. Clinicians should be mindful that secondary peritonitis can occur as a result of a ruptured urinary bladder, which is frequently misdiagnosed and undertreated. The majority of cases are identified during laparotomy. We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who had irradiation for endometrial cancer 25 years ago and had a history of hypertension, diabetes, and recurring urinary tract infections. The current study sought to determine the etiology of SRUB as well as clinical aspects and diagnostic strategies. She was diagnosed with generalized peritonitis. An exploratory laparotomy discovered a perforated urinary bladder. Following further care, the patient was released with no further complaints.

Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB); A case report and review of literature

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Spontaneous urinary bladder rupture due to chronic infection or long term indwelling urinary catheter is rare.

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The diagnosis need a high index of suspicion in patients with an acute abdomen, and have associated bladder conditions.

Introduction

Spontaneous urinary bladder rupture is a rare urological emergency. It is usually secondary to an underlying pathology and it is an uncommon complication of urosepsis. We report a case of spontaneous urinary bladder rupture as a complication of urosepsis in a 67 year old male patient, who was admitted as a case of left diabetic foot and urinary tract infection.

Case presentation

A 67 year old male patient with a long standing indwelling urinary catheter and chronic cystitis developed acute peritonitis. Intraoperative finding was ruptured urinary bladder.

Discussion

A few cases of spontaneous urinary bladder rupture due to infection were found in literature. The majority of the patients present with diffuse abdominal pain, and tenderness due to chemical peritonitis. In the majority of cases the bladder perforation was diagnosed intra-operative.

Conclusion

A diagnosis of spontaneous perforation of the bladder should be considered in patients presenting with an acute abdomen. The general surgeon is more likely than the urologist to encounter such patients in the first instance. There should be a high index of suspicion in patients with an acute abdomen and have associated urinary bladder condition.

Idiopathic spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB). A case report and review of literature

Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) is a rare urological emergency. It is usually secondary to an underlying pathology. An idiopathic entity has not been reported in the literature.

We report a case of idiopathic SRUB in a young female presented with abdominal pain and acute renal injury in the absence of prior trauma. We have conducted a literature review to identify commonly reported etiologies.

SRUB is usually secondary to an underlying pathology, but in extremely rare cases it can be idiopathic.

Spontaneous Intraperitoneal Perforation of the Bladder: A Late Complication of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

The spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare and life-threatening event. Often, there are difficulties in establishing the diagnosis. A patient with spontaneous perforation of the urinary bladder, 17 years after successful treatment of an adenocarcinoma of the prostate by pelvic radiation therapy, is reported. Aspects of etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management are described. Early surgical exploration including primary closure of the defect, peritoneal lavage, and continuous vesical drainage were associated with a favorable outcome.

Relapsing ascites and uremia due to urinary bladder leakage

A 62-year-old female was admitted for a new episode of ascites, complicated by uremia. She had been treated 6 years earlier for bladder cancer with partial cystectomy and postoperative radiotherapy. At the work-up for both previous episodes of ascites, 6 and 24 months earlier, no definite diagnosis was made, and each time the ascites disappeared spontaneously. Also, at the third episode, the uremia resolved. Finally, explorative laparoscopy demonstrated urinary leakage from the superior portion of the bladder. This feature of vanishing and relapsing ascites is explained by intermittent covering by overlying abdominal structures and subsequent spontaneous healing. The pseudo-renal failure is caused by reabsorption of urine through the peritoneum. Only nine cases of recurring ascites and eight cases of bladder perforation after radiotherapy have been described in the literature.

Spontaneous bladder rupture owing to atherosclerotic emboli: a case report

We report a case of spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder in an elderly man with severe atherosclerotic vascular disease who had widespread systemic evidence of an arterial embolic phenomenon after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Atherosclerotic plaques were identified in the vesical arteries and were believed to be the primary event responsible for spontaneous vesical perforation. The clinical presentation, diagnosis and principles of management of vesical rupture are discussed.

Spontaneous bladder rupture: rare cause of peritonitis

Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder is an uncommon, but important, cause of generalized peritonitis. It is a surgical emergency which may be rapidly fatal if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Bladder disease or obstruction, coupled with a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure usually accounts for the rupture. Characteristic symptoms are acute lower abdominal pain followed by generalized peritonitis. In most cases, the rupture is intra-peritoneal.

Recurrent spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder

Only 5 cases of recurrent spontaneous bladder rupture have been reported in the literature. The present report is of a patient who developed a spontaneous rupture on two occasions within 5 years. The first rupture was treated without bladder suture. A pelvic fracture 12 months before the first episode is considered to be a probable aetiological factor.