Amyloidosis localised to the bladder

Localized amyloidosis of the genitourinary tract: report of 5 new cases and review of the literature

Primary localized amyloidosis of the genitourinary tract is a rare entity characterized by small pseudotumors localized in the renal pelvis, ureters, or bladder. Amyloid fibrils are derived from immunoglobulin light chains, but no systemic plasma cell proliferation is detected. The clinical and radiologic features mimic urinary tract cancer, and local treatment is indicated. The prognosis is excellent in most cases, although disease recurrence is possible. We report 5 new cases of localized amyloidosis of the urinary tract, with lambda (4/5), or kappa (1/5) chain amyloid protein, involving the bladder (5/5), and the ureter and renal pelvis (1/5), with multiple, bilateral lesions in 1 case. The presenting complaint was painless hematuria in 4 cases. All cases were of primary (AL)-type amyloidosis. All patients underwent extensive investigation, and none presented any signs of generalized amyloidosis. A favorable outcome was observed in every case. We performed a comprehensive review of the literature, and summarize the data.

Idiopathic localised bladder amyloidosis: rare cause of haematuria

Idiopathic Localised Bladder Amyloidosis is a rare cause of haematuria and urinary tract symptoms. A review of the literature highlights the varied presentations and the appropriate investigations for this condition, with emphasise on the exclusion of a secondary cause. In addition, the range of treatment options is fully discussed. Our report on a 65-year old gentleman illustrates that a high index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Furthermore, conservative management can be an effective strategy in selected patients.

Bladder involvement in systemic amyloidosis causing massive hemorrhage in hemodialysis

We report a chronic hemodialyzed patient with bladder involvement of a secondary amyloidosis that presented as isolated hematuria evolving quickly to a massive hemorrhage and vesical rupture. We believe that this is the first report of bladder amyloidosis involvement in the course of hemodialysis. This knowledge may help in managing dialysis patients with hematuria.

Primary localised amyloidosis of the urinary bladder: a case report

Primary localised amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is a rare condition, of unknown aetiology, which can be successfully treated surgically. It has an excellent prognosis and a very low recurrence rate.

Primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder with a monoclonal plasma cell infiltrate

A case of primary tumour-like amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is described. The plasma cell infiltrate around the amyloid deposition revealed monoclonality by both immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence methods and the amyloid gave a staining reaction consistent with AL type. A local tissue based immunocyte dyscrasia appears to be responsible for the tumour-like amyloid deposition.

Secondary amyloidosis of the bladder: a cause of massive hematuria

Secondary amyloidosis of the bladder is a rare cause of hematuria, with only 10 previous reports. Findings and treatment in 5 patients with histologically verified bladder amyloidosis secondary to long-standing rheumatoid arthritis are presented. All patients were hospitalized for massive hematuria. One patient died before cystoscopy. Clot evacuation and fulguration through a cystoscope stopped the bleeding in 1 patient. In the other 3 patients hemostasis was achieved by cystotomy, bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy and continuous alum irrigation of the bladder, respectively.

Blue spotted bladder--a manifestation of bladder amyloidosis. A case report

Bladder amyloidosis may represent a life-threatening condition, but may also be associated with milder clinical symptoms. Herein, we report two older males with a different type of apparently mild bladder amyloidosis, presenting as the "blue spotted bladder".