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do Vale GT, Sousa AH, Gonzaga NA, de Oliveira MG, Justo AF, Alexandre EC, Tanus-Santos JE, Antunes E, Tirapelli CR. Chronic ethanol consumption induces micturition dysfunction and alters the oxidative state of the urinary bladder. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1103-1114. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is pointed out as a major mechanism by which ethanol induces functional and structural changes in distinctive tissues. We evaluated whether ethanol consumption would increase oxidative stress and cause micturition dysfunction. Male C57BL/6J mice were treated with 20% ethanol (v/v) for 10 weeks. Our findings showed that chronic ethanol consumption reduced micturition spots and urinary volume in conscious mice, whereas in anaesthetized animals cystometric analysis revealed reduced basal pressure and increased capacity, threshold pressure, and maximum voiding. Treatment with ethanol reduced the contraction induced by carbachol in isolated bladders. Chronic ethanol consumption increased the levels of oxidant molecules and thiobarbituric acid reactive species in the mouse bladder. Upregulation of Nox2 was detected in the bladder of ethanol-treated mice. Increased activity of both superoxide dismutase and catalase were detected in the mouse bladder after treatment with ethanol. Conversely, decreased levels of reduced glutathione were detected in the bladder of ethanol-treated mice. The present study first demonstrated that chronic ethanol consumption induced micturition dysfunction and that this response was accompanied by increased levels of oxidant molecules in the mousebladder. These findings suggest that ethanol consumption is a risk factor for vesical dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel T. do Vale
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, DEPCH, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arthur H. Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, DEPCH, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália A. Gonzaga
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, DEPCH, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana G. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto F.O. Justo
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C. Alexandre
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Tanus-Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Tirapelli
- Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - DEPCH / Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - DFQ, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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de Oliveira MG, Calmasini FB, Alexandre EC, De Nucci G, Mónica FZ, Antunes E. Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase by BAY 58-2667 improves bladder function in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F85-93. [PMID: 27122537 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00041.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) interact directly with its prosthetic heme group, enhancing the enzyme responsiveness in pathological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the sGC activator BAY 58-2667 on voiding dysfunction, protein expressions of α1 and β1 sGC subunits and cGMP levels in the bladder tissues after cyclophosphamide (CYP) exposure. Female C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g) were injected with CYP (300 mg/kg ip) to induce cystitis. Mice were pretreated or not with BAY 58-2667 (1 mg/kg, gavage), given 1 h before CYP injection. The micturition patterns and in vitro bladder contractions were evaluated at 24 h. In freely moving mice, the CYP injection produced reduced the micturition volume and increased the number of urine spots. Cystometric recordings in CYP-injected mice revealed significant increases in basal pressure, voiding frequency, and nonvoiding contractions (NVCs), along with decreases in bladder capacity, intercontraction interval, and compliance. BAY 58-2667 significantly prevented the micturition alterations observed in both freely moving mice and cystometry and normalized the reduced in vitro carbachol-induced contractions in the CYP group. Reduced protein expressions of α1 and β1 sGC subunits and of cGMP levels were observed in the CYP group, all of which were prevented by BAY 58-2667. CYP exposure significantly increased reactive-oxygen species (ROS) generation in both detrusor and urothelium, and this was normalized by BAY 58-2667. The increased myeloperoxidase and cyclooxygenase-2 activities in the bladders of the CYP group remained unchanged by BAY 58-2667. Activators of sGC may constitute a novel and promising therapeutic approach for management of interstitial cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiano B Calmasini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Alexandre
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto De Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Z Mónica
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and brain imaging studies in humans and animals that have provided insights into the neural circuitry and neurotransmitter mechanisms controlling the lower urinary tract. The functions of the lower urinary tract to store and periodically eliminate urine are regulated by a complex neural control system in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral autonomic ganglia that coordinates the activity of smooth and striated muscles of the bladder and urethral outlet. The neural control of micturition is organized as a hierarchical system in which spinal storage mechanisms are in turn regulated by circuitry in the rostral brain stem that initiates reflex voiding. Input from the forebrain triggers voluntary voiding by modulating the brain stem circuitry. Many neural circuits controlling the lower urinary tract exhibit switch-like patterns of activity that turn on and off in an all-or-none manner. The major component of the micturition switching circuit is a spinobulbospinal parasympathetic reflex pathway that has essential connections in the periaqueductal gray and pontine micturition center. A computer model of this circuit that mimics the switching functions of the bladder and urethra at the onset of micturition is described. Micturition occurs involuntarily in infants and young children until the age of 3 to 5 years, after which it is regulated voluntarily. Diseases or injuries of the nervous system in adults can cause the re-emergence of involuntary micturition, leading to urinary incontinence. Neuroplasticity underlying these developmental and pathological changes in voiding function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C. de Groat
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Derek Griffiths
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Liu D, Wang H, Wang L, Ma Y, Han X, Li B, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Zeng F, Pan F. Urodynamic characteristics of rats with detrusor instability. Comput Biol Med 2014; 55:11-5. [PMID: 25450213 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate urodynamic characteristics of rats with detrusor instability (DI) induced by different causes. Forty-eight adult female Sprague-Dawly rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: cyclophosphamide group, bladder outlet obstruction group, lipopolysaccharide group and control group. The BL-410 model bio-function experimental system was applied to monitor bladder pressure and a number of urodynamic parameters were recorded and calculated, including the frequency of detrusor instability, maximum voiding pressure (MVP), maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), intercontraction interval (ICI), voiding time (VT), postvoid residual (PVR) and bladder compliance (BC). The positive rates of DI in cyclophosphamide group, bladder outlet obstruction group and lipopolysaccharide group were 83.33%, 75.00% and 58.33%, respectively. And correspondingly the frequency of DI was 10.00±2.00, 4.87±1.24 and 3.50±1.00tmin(-1), which was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the decrease of MVP, MCC, ICI, VT and BC was noted in the cyclophosphamide group and lipopolysaccharide group. Increased PVR, MVP, MCC, VT and BC were presented in the bladder outlet obstruction group. Therefore, we suggested that the urodynamic parameters could reflect the pathophysiological characteristics of DI induced by different causes, which could systematically benefit the diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longwang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Urology, He Nan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Zheng Zhou University, Zhenzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Han
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Schwen Z, Matsuta Y, Shen B, Wang J, Roppolo JR, de Groat WC, Tai C. Combination of foot stimulation and tolterodine treatment eliminates bladder overactivity in cats. Neurourol Urodyn 2013; 33:1266-71. [PMID: 24038323 DOI: 10.1002/nau.22479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether transcutaneous foot stimulation combined with a lower dose tolterodine would inhibit bladder overactivity more effectively than either treatment alone. METHODS Cystometrograms were performed on α-chloralose anesthetized cats (N = 6) by infusing 0.25% acetic acid (AA) to induce bladder overactivity. Foot stimulation (5 Hz) was applied at 2 and 4 times the threshold (T) intensity in volts (i.e., 2T or 4T) for inducing toe movement to inhibit bladder overactivity. Cumulative doses of tolterodine (0.003-0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) were also administered to determine the effect of combination treatment. RESULTS AA irritation of the bladder significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced bladder capacity to 23.6 ± 7.1% of saline control capacity. Foot stimulation alone at 2T and 4T inhibited bladder overactivity and significantly (P < 0.0001) increased bladder capacity to 50.7 ± 6.8% and 79.0 ± 11.6% of saline control, respectively. Tolterodine alone at 0.3 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.05) increased bladder capacity to 65.6 ± 15.5% of saline control. However, when tolterodine at a threshold dose (0.3 mg/kg) was combined with foot stimulation, the bladder capacity was significantly (P < 0.05) increased to 86.2 ± 6.2% and 107.9 ± 10.6% by 2T and 4T stimulation, respectively. Complete inhibition of bladder overactivity could be achieved at a lower tolterodine dose (0.1 mg/kg) when combined with 4T stimulation (97.0 ± 11.2% of saline control). The amplitude of micturition contraction was not changed by tolterodine treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a novel, efficacious, non-invasive therapy by combining foot stimulation with a lower dose tolterodine to treat bladder overactivity. It also provides the first objective evidence supporting an additive therapeutic benefit of neuromodulation and antimuscarinic combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad Schwen
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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Yoshikawa S, Kitta T, Miyazato M, Sumino Y, Yoshimura N. Inhibitory role of the spinal cholinergic system in the control of urethral continence reflex during sneezing in rats. Neurourol Urodyn 2013; 33:443-8. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.22431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Yoshikawa
- Department of Urology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Takeya Kitta
- Department of Urology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Minoru Miyazato
- Department of Urology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Yasuhiro Sumino
- Department of Urology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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Nandigama R, Ibañez-Tallon I, Lips K, Schwantes U, Kummer W, Bschleipfer T. Expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit mRNA in mouse bladder afferent neurons. Neuroscience 2013; 229:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hughes FM, McKeithan P, Ellett J, Armeson KE, Purves JT. Simvastatin suppresses cyclophosphamide-induced changes in urodynamics and bladder inflammation. Urology 2012; 81:209.e9-14. [PMID: 23153940 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of daily oral simvastatin administration to reduce the negative urodynamic changes associated with cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis and to prevent bladder inflammation. Patients undergoing CP chemotherapy frequently develop cystitis, leading to urinary dysfunction and hemorrhage. Recent studies have suggested statins possess anti-inflammatory properties and might be uroprotective. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urodynamic properties were analyzed in 4 groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats: group 1, vehicle (300 μL, 0.5% methylcellulose, orally for 7 days); group 2, simvastatin (1 mg/rat/d); group 3, vehicle plus CP (intraperitoneally 80 mg/kg, 24 h before cystometry); and group 4, simvastatin plus CP. The inflammation in the groups was assessed using Evans blue extravasation. RESULTS CP stimulated significant increases in the number of nonvoiding contractions (0.83±0.26 vs 4.97±1.90; P=.03) and decreases in the peak voiding pressure (53.46±5.08 vs 33.34±4.37 cm H2O; P=.01). Simvastatin returned these parameters to the control levels of 1.62±0.73 (P=.70) and 45.98±7.78 cm H2O (P=.38). CP at this level caused a slight, but significant, increase in the voided volume (0.82±0.13 vs 1.16±0.14 mL; P=.04), which returned to control levels (0.74±0.12 mL; P=.65) with simvastatin. Other urodynamic parameters, such as the threshold pressure, were not affected by simvastatin or CP, or the combination of the 2. CP-induced inflammation in the bladder (Evans blue extravasation) was suppressed by simvastatin. CONCLUSION Simvastatin was effective at ameliorating the negative urodynamic changes and inflammation in the bladder after CP administration and is a potential therapy for preventing side effects in patients undergoing this chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Hughes
- Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
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Fiorino DF, Garcia-Guzman M. Muscarinic pain pharmacology: realizing the promise of novel analgesics by overcoming old challenges. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2012:191-221. [PMID: 22222700 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23274-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The antinociceptive and analgesic effects of muscarinic receptor ligands in human and nonhuman species have been evident for more than half a century. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the roles of different muscarinic subtypes in pain modulation and their mechanism of action along the pain signaling pathway, including peripheral nociception, spinal cord pain processing, and supraspinal analgesia. Extensive preclinical and clinical validation of these mechanisms points to the development of selective muscarinic agonists as one of the most exciting and promising avenues toward novel pain medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis F Fiorino
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 11010 Torreyana Road, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
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Boudes M, Uvin P, Kerselaers S, Vennekens R, Voets T, De Ridder D. Functional characterization of a chronic cyclophosphamide-induced overactive bladder model in mice. Neurourol Urodyn 2011; 30:1659-65. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Chuang YC, Yoshimura N, Huang CC, Wu M, Tyagi P, Chancellor MB. Expression of E-series prostaglandin (EP) receptors and urodynamic effects of an EP4 receptor antagonist on cyclophosphamide-induced overactive bladder in rats. BJU Int 2011; 106:1782-7. [PMID: 20346049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2010.09260.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of four subtypes of E-series prostaglandin (EP(1) -EP(4) ) receptors and the urodynamic effects of an EP(4) receptor antagonist (AH23848) in cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced overactive bladder (OAB) in rats, as intravesical prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2) ) induces OAB via activation of EP receptors and sensitization of afferent nerves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental and control rats were injected with CYP (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or saline, respectively. Continuous cystometrograms (CMGs) were performed 48 h after CYP or saline injection under urethane anaesthesia. AH23848 was given intravenously at doses of 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg. The bladder was then harvested for histology. Some bladders were harvested for analysis of EP receptors expression by Western blotting without a CMG study. CMG variables (baseline pressure; intercontraction interval [ICI], pressure threshold [PT], contraction amplitude) and histological changes were measured. RESULTS CYP-induced up-regulation of EP(4) receptor (100% increase) accompanied by detrusor overactivity (ICI 70.5% decrease; PT, 67.7% increase). However, CYP down-regulated EP(1) receptor expression (51.9% decrease), but had no significant effects on the EP(2) and EP(3) receptors. AH23848 significantly extended the ICI in CYP-treated rats but it had no effects on other urodynamic variables or in control rats. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of EP receptors plays a role in CYP-induced OAB. Antagonists to the EP(4) receptor may be a new target for treatment of patients with OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Much of the current research on lower urinary tract dysfunction is focused on afferent mechanisms. The main goals are to define and modulate the signaling pathways by which afferent information is generated and conveyed to the central nervous system. Alterations in bladder afferent mechanisms are a potential source of voiding dysfunction and an emerging source of drug targets. Even some established drug therapies such as muscarinic receptor antagonists, as well as emerging therapies such as botulinum toxin type-A, may act partly through afferent mechanisms. This review presents up-to-date findings on the localization of afferent fiber types within the bladder wall, afferent receptors and transmitters, and how these may communicate with the urothelium, interstitial cells, and detrusor smooth muscle to regulate micturition in normal and pathological bladders. Peripheral and central mechanisms of afferent sensitization and myogenic mechanisms that lead to detrusor overactivity, overactive bladder symptoms, and urgency sensations are also covered as well as new therapeutic approaches and new and established methods of measuring afferent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Kanai
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15261, USA.
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