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Silva VLM, Silva-Reis R, Moreira-Pais A, Ferreira T, Oliveira PA, Ferreira R, Cardoso SM, Sharifi-Rad J, Butnariu M, Costea MA, Grozea I. Dicoumarol: from chemistry to antitumor benefits. Chin Med 2022; 17:145. [PMID: 36575479 PMCID: PMC9793554 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicoumarol, a coumarin-like compound, is known for its anticoagulant properties associated with the ability to inhibit vitamin K, being prescribed as a drug for several decades. The pharmaceutical value of dicoumarol turned it into a focus of chemists' attention, aiming its synthesis and of dicoumarol derivatives, bringing to light new methodologies. In recent years, several other bioactive effects have been claimed for dicoumarol and its derivatives, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer, although the mechanisms of action underlying them are mostly not disclosed and additional research is needed to unravel them. This review presents a state of the art on the chemistry of dicoumarols, and their potential anticancer characteristics, highlighting the mechanisms of action elucidated so far. In parallel, we draw attention to the lack of in vivo studies and clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy as drugs for later application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera L. M. Silva
- grid.7311.40000000123236065LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Silva-Reis
- grid.7311.40000000123236065LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- grid.7311.40000000123236065LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal ,grid.12341.350000000121821287Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- grid.12341.350000000121821287Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal ,grid.12341.350000000121821287Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- grid.12341.350000000121821287Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal ,grid.12341.350000000121821287Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal ,grid.12341.350000000121821287Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- grid.7311.40000000123236065LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- grid.7311.40000000123236065LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- grid.442126.70000 0001 1945 2902Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Life Sciences University “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania
| | - Maria Alina Costea
- Life Sciences University “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania
| | - Ioana Grozea
- Life Sciences University “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania
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2
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Ma L, Tang J, Cai G, Chen F, Liu Q, Zhou Z, Zhang S, Liu X, Hou N, Yi W. Structure-based screening and biological validation of the anti-thrombotic drug-dicoumarol as a novel and potent PPARγ-modulating ligand. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Sun C, Zhao W, Wang X, Sun Y, Chen X. A pharmacological review of dicoumarol: An old natural anticoagulant agent. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105193. [PMID: 32911072 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dicoumarol is an oral anticoagulant agent prescribed in clinical for decades. It is a natural hydroxycoumarin discovered from the spoilage of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall and is originally discovered as a rodenticide. Due to its structural similarity to that of vitamin K, it significantly inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase and acts as a vitamin K antagonist. Dicoumarol is mainly used as an anticoagulant to prevent thrombogenesis and to cure vascular thrombosis. Other biological activities besides anticoagulants such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc., have also been documented. The side effects of dicoumarol raise safety concerns for clinical application. In this review, the physicochemical property, the pharmacological activities, the side effects, and the pharmacokinetics of dicoumarol were summarized, aiming to provide a whole picture of the "old" anticoagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Yinxiang Sun
- Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau.
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4
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Sekiguchi M, Seki M, Kawai T, Yoshida K, Yoshida M, Isobe T, Hoshino N, Shirai R, Tanaka M, Souzaki R, Watanabe K, Arakawa Y, Nannya Y, Suzuki H, Fujii Y, Kataoka K, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Shimamura T, Sato Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Kimura S, Kubota Y, Hiwatari M, Koh K, Hayashi Y, Kanamori Y, Kasahara M, Kohashi K, Kato M, Yoshioka T, Matsumoto K, Oka A, Taguchi T, Sanada M, Tanaka Y, Miyano S, Hata K, Ogawa S, Takita J. Integrated multiomics analysis of hepatoblastoma unravels its heterogeneity and provides novel druggable targets. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:20. [PMID: 32656360 PMCID: PMC7341754 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-0125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver cancer, its genetic heterogeneity and therapeutic targets are not well elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a multiomics analysis, including mutatome, DNA methylome, and transcriptome analyses, of 59 hepatoblastoma samples. Based on DNA methylation patterns, hepatoblastoma was classified into three clusters exhibiting remarkable correlation with clinical, histological, and genetic features. Cluster F was largely composed of cases with fetal histology and good outcomes, whereas clusters E1 and E2 corresponded primarily to embryonal/combined histology and poor outcomes. E1 and E2, albeit distinguishable by different patient age distributions, were genetically characterized by hypermethylation of the HNF4A/CEBPA-binding regions, fetal liver-like expression patterns, upregulation of the cell cycle pathway, and overexpression of NQO1 and ODC1. Inhibition of NQO1 and ODC1 in hepatoblastoma cells induced chemosensitization and growth suppression, respectively. Our results provide a comprehensive description of the molecular basis of hepatoblastoma and rational therapeutic strategies for high-risk cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sekiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Misa Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Hoshino
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Shirai
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryota Souzaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Fujii
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Hiwatari
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Koh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Kanamori
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mureo Kasahara
- Transplantation Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kato
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Yoshioka
- Department of Pathology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Matsumoto
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sanada
- Department of Advanced Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukichi Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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5
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Chen CH, Hsieh YC, Yang PM, Liu YR, Cho EC. Dicoumarol suppresses HMGA2-mediated oncogenic capacities and inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis in colon cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:1003-1009. [PMID: 32063361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths and its five-year survival rate remains low in locally advanced or metastatic stages of colon cancer. Overexpression of high mobility group protein AT-hook2 (HMGA2) is associated with cancer progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in many malignancies. Oxidative stress regulates cellular mechanisms and provides an environment that favors the cancer cells to survive and progress, yet, at the same time, oxidative stress can also be utilized as a cancer-damaging strategy. The molecular regulatory roles of HMGA2 in oxidative stress and their involvement in cancer progression are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the involvement of HMGA2 in regulation of oxidative stress responses by luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, we utilized dicoumarol (DIC), a derivative of coumarin which has been suggested to be involved in oxidation regulation with anticancer effects, and demonstrated that DIC could induce apoptosis and inhibit cell migration of HMGA2 overexpressing colon cancer cells. Further investigation also evidenced that DIC can enhance the cancer inhibition effect of 5-FU in colony formation assays. Taken together, our data revealed novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HMGA2 and highlighted the possibility of targeting the cellular antioxidant system for treating patients and preventing from cancer progression in HMGA2 overexpressing colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Heng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chen Hsieh
- PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; PhD Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Master Program in Applied Molecular Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Er-Chieh Cho
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
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6
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Chen J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Gao S, Wang J, Lei D, Du P, Xu Z, Zhu C, Sun H. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Combination of NQO1 Inhibitor and 5-Fluorouracil for Potent Antitumor Effect Against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:387. [PMID: 31858276 PMCID: PMC6923313 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are one of the deadliest forms of cancer, and 90% of its origin is from squamous cells. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), an enzyme overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma, plays an important role in proliferation and chemoresistance. The main aims were to study the inhibitory effect of ß-lapachone (ARQ761 in clinical form) in HNSCC and to study the combinational effect of 5-FU and ß-lap in improving the therapeutic efficacy in HNSCC. Lipid bilayer-assembled mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with 5-FU/ß-lap were prepared and studied for its physicochemical and biological properties. ß-lap showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of NQO1 enzyme activity in Cal33 cells. Notably, significant inhibitory effect was observed at a dose of 20-50 μg/ml of ß-lap. Combination of 5-FU+ß-lap resulted in lower cell viability; most notably, 5-FU/ß-lap-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FNQ-MSN) exhibited significantly lower cell viability compared with that of any of the individual drug or physical combinations. ß-lap resulted in a decrease in the protein band of NQO1 compared with control; however, most notable decrease in the NQO1 level was observed in the FNQ-MSN-treated cell group. FNQ-MSN resulted in more than 60% of cell apoptosis (early and late apoptosis) and predominant nuclear fragmentation of cancer cells indicating the superior anticancer effect of a carrier-based combination regimen. Notable decrease in tumor volume was observed with the physical mixture of 5-FU+ß-lap; however, combined treatment of carrier-based 5-FU and ß-lap (FNQ-MSN) significantly delayed the tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing xenograft mice. These findings suggest the potential of NQO1 inhibitor in enhancing the chemotherapeutic potential of 5-FU in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Shanjun Gao
- Microbiome Laboratory, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Dongchun Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Pengqiang Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
- Department of Pharmacy of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Clinical Research Service Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Cailiang Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan China
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Khunluck T, Kukongviriyapan V, Senggunprai L, Duangarsong W, Prawan A. The Inhibition Kinetics and Potential Anti-Migration Activity of NQO1 Inhibitory Coumarins on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 18:1534735418820444. [PMID: 30584780 PMCID: PMC7240875 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418820444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of a cytosolic flavoenzyme NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1
(NQO1) has been seen in many human tumors. Its remarkable overexpression in
cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; an aggressive malignancy of the biliary duct system)
was associated with poor prognosis and short survival of the patients.
Inhibition of NQO1 has been proposed as a potential strategy to improve the
efficacy of anticancer drugs in various cancers including CCA. This study
investigated novel NQO1 inhibitors and verified the mechanisms of their enzyme
inhibition. Among the different chemical classes of natural NQO1 inhibitors are
coumarins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Coumarins are a group of particularly
potent NQO1 inhibitors. The mechanisms and kinetics of enzyme inhibition of
coumarin, aesculetin, umbelliferone, and scopoletin using the cell lysates as a
source of NQO1 enzyme best fit with an uncompetitive inhibition model. Among the
NOQ1 inhibitors tested in KKU-100 CCA cells, scopoletin and umbelliferone had
the strongest inhibitory effect on this enzyme, while aesculetin and coumarin
barely affected intracellular NQO1. All coumarins were further tested for
cytotoxicity and anti-migration activity. At modest cytotoxic doses, scopoletin
and umbelliferone greatly inhibited the migration of KKU-100 cells, whereas
coumarin and aesculetin barely reduced cell migration. The anti-migration effect
of scopoletin was associated with decreased ratio of matrix metalloproteinase
9/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1
(MMP9/TIMP1) mRNA. These findings suggest
that natural compounds with potent inhibitory effect on intracellular NQO1 have
useful anti-migration effects on CCA cells. In order to prove that the potent
NQO1 inhibitor, scopoletin, is clinically useful in the enhancement of CCA
treatment, additional in vivo studies to elucidate the mechanism of these
effects are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tueanjai Khunluck
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wutthipong Duangarsong
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Srijiwangsa P, Ponnikorn S, Na-Bangchang K. Effect of β-Eudesmol on NQO1 suppression-enhanced sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells to chemotherapeutic agents. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 19:32. [PMID: 29914576 PMCID: PMC6006851 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an epithelial malignancy of the biliary tree, is one of the aggressive cancers with poor prognosis and unsatisfactory response to chemotherapy with acquired resistance. NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), an antioxidant/detoxifying enzyme, plays important roles in chemo-resistance and proliferation in several cancer cells. The study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of β-eudesmol on NQO1 enhanced chemotherapeutic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and doxorubicin (DOX) in the high NQO1-expressing human CCA cell line, NQO1-KKU-100. In addition, the molecular events associated with the inhibition of the cell proliferation, cell migration, and induction of apoptosis were investigated. Methods Human CCA KKU-100 cells were exposed to β-eudesmol at various concentrations. NQO1 enzyme activity and protein expression were measured by enzymatic assay and Western blot analysis, respectively. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and wound healing assay were performed to detect the inhibitory effect of β-eudesmol on cell proliferation, cell migration, and sensitivity to 5-FU and DOX. Apoptotic induction was detected by flow cytometry with annexin V/PI and DAPI nuclear staining. Caspase 3/7 activation was determined by fluorescence microscopy. The mechanism of enhanced chemo-sensitivity was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results β-Eudesmol significantly suppressed NQO1 enzyme activity (both in KKU-100 cells and cell lysates) and protein expression in KKU-100 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. β-Eudesmol exhibited potent cytotoxicity on KKU-100 cells with mean ± SD IC50 values of 47.62 ± 9.54 and 37.46 ± 12.58 μM at 24 and 48 h, respectively. In addition, it also potentiated the cytotoxic activities and inhibitory activities of 5-FU and DOX on cell migration through induction of cell apoptosis and activation of caspase 3/7. Western blot analysis suggested that β-eudesmol enhanced chemosensitivity was associated with the suppression of NQO1 protein and activation of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio in CCA cells. Conclusions β-Eudesmol may serve as a potential anti-CCA candidate particularly when used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. The mechanisms involved may be mediated via NQO1 suppression-related apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimradasiri Srijiwangsa
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, 12121, Thailand
| | - Saranyoo Ponnikorn
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, 12121, Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, 12121, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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9
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Sompakdee V, Prawan A, Senggunprai L, Kukongviriyapan U, Samathiwat P, Wandee J, Kukongviriyapan V. Suppression of Nrf2 confers chemosensitizing effect through enhanced oxidant-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [PMID: 29518609 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression of cytoprotective and antioxidant enzymes, contributes to proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy in cancer. The inhibition of Nrf2 can sensitize cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells to the cytotoxicity of several chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of this chemosensitizing effect. MAIN METHODS KKU-100 cells were used in the study. Nrf2 expression was knocked down by siRNA and expression was validated by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Cytotoxicity was assessed by sulforhodamine B method. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was examined by fluorescent dye, dichlorofluorescin diacetate method and mitochondrial transmembrane potential was assessed by JC1 dye assay. KEY FINDINGS Cytotoxicity of cisplatin (Cis) in KKU-100 cells was enhanced by knockdown of Nrf2 expression. The enhanced cytotoxic effect was abolished by treatment with N-acetylcysteine, TEMPOL and MnTBAP. Cells with Nrf2 knockdown or Cis treatment increased production of ROS, and ROS was markedly enhanced by a combination of Nrf2 knockdown and Cis. The increased ROS formation was associated with a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm), where this decrease was prevented by antioxidant compounds. The loss of Δψm and cell death were prevented by cyclosporine, an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Luteolin inhibited Nrf2 and markedly enhanced cytotoxicity in combination with Cis. SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of Nrf2 is a feasible strategy in enhancing antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents and improving efficacy of chemotherapy in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vachirapong Sompakdee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Papavee Samathiwat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Wandee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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10
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Jeddi F, Soozangar N, Sadeghi MR, Somi MH, Samadi N. Contradictory roles of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer prevention/promotion and chemoresistance. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 54:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Butsri S, Kukongviriyapan V, Senggunprai L, Kongpetch S, Zeekpudsa P, Prawan A. Downregulation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 inhibits proliferation, cell cycle and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4540-4548. [PMID: 28599455 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that upregulation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; a fatal bile duct cancer) was associated with poor prognosis. It was also demonstrated that the suppression of NQO1 was able to enhance the chemosensitivity of CCA cells. In the present study, in order to elucidate the biological role of NQO1 in CCA, the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of NQO1 on cell proliferation, cell cycle and migration were determined in KKU-100 CCA cells, which notably expressed NQO1. The cell proliferation ability and cell cycle distribution were identified by clonogenic cell survival assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Wound healing and Transwell migration assays were performed to evaluate cell migration. The molecules involved in cell proliferation and migration were determined by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The results demonstrated that NQO1 siRNA-mediated knockdown effectively impaired colony formation capacity, induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and suppressed migration of KKU-100 cells. CCA cells transfected with NQO1 siRNA exhibited increased expression levels of p21 and decreased cyclin D1 protein expression levels. Furthermore, the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase 9/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) mRNA expression level was decreased in the NQO1-knockdown cells. Therefore, the present study provided evidence supporting the biological role of NQO1 in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell cycle and migration of CCA cells. Therefore, NQO1 may prove to be a potential molecular target to enhance CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwoot Butsri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sarinya Kongpetch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ponsilp Zeekpudsa
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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12
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Ryan A. Azoreductases in drug metabolism. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:2161-2173. [PMID: 27487252 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azoreductases are flavoenzymes that have been characterized in a range of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Bacterial azoreductases are associated with the activation of two classes of drug, azo drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and nitrofuran antibiotics. The mechanism of reduction of azo compounds is presented; it requires tautomerisation of the azo compound to a quinoneimine and provides a unifying mechanism for the reduction of azo and quinone substrates by azoreductases. The importance of further work in the characterization of azoreductases from enteric bacteria is highlighted to aid in the development of novel drugs for the treatment of colon related disorders. Human azoreductases are known to play a crucial role in the metabolism of a number of quinone-containing cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. The mechanism of hydride transfer to quinones, which is shared not only between eukaryotic and prokaryotic azoreductases but also the wider family of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductases, is outlined. The importance of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human azoreductases is described not only in cancer prognosis but also with regard to their effects on the efficacy of quinone drug-based cancer chemotherapeutic regimens. This highlights the need to screen patients for azoreductase SNPs ahead of treatment with these regimens. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Drug Metabolism and Antibiotic Resistance in Micro-organisms. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ryan
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK
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13
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Sun L, Lu J, Niu Z, Ding K, Bi D, Liu S, Li J, Wu F, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Ding S. A Potent Chemotherapeutic Strategy with Eg5 Inhibitor against Gemcitabine Resistant Bladder Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144484. [PMID: 26658059 PMCID: PMC4675549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of resistance to gemcitabine is a major concern in bladder cancer therapy, and the mechanism remains unclear. Eg5 has been recently identified as an attractive target in cancer chemotherapy, so novel targeted chemotherapy with Eg5 inhibitor is expected to improve the anticancer effect in gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer. In this research, RT112-Gr cells were 350-fold less sensitive to gemcitabine than the parental cell lines, while KU7-Gr cells were 15-fold less sensitive to gemcitabine than the parental cell lines. Human OneArray Microarray analysis was performed to obtain broad spectrum information about the genes differentially expressed in RT112 and RT112-Gr cells. The anti-proliferative activity of S(MeO)TLC, an Eg5 inhibitor, was analyzed in RT112-Gr cell lines using a cell viability assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect was evaluated in vivo using subcutaneous xenograft tumor model. According to the result of Human OneArray® GeneChip, RRM1 and RRM2 were up-regulated, while there was no significant change in Eg5. Trypan blue staining confirmed that in S(MeO)TLC and Gemcitabine combining S(MeO)TLC group cell viability were significantly decreased in RT112-Gr cells as compared with other groups. S(MeO)TLC and S(MeO)TLC+gemcitabine groups prominently suppressed tumor growth in comparison with other groups’ in vivo. There were no significant differences in S(MeO)TLC and gemcitabine+S(MeO)TLC group in the effect of inhibition of bladder cancer in vivo and in vitro. Our data collectively demonstrated that S(MeO)TLC represents a novel strategy for the treatment of gemcitabine resistant bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Jiaju Lu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Zhihong Niu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Kejia Ding
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Dongbin Bi
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- Department of pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Zuohui Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
| | - Sentai Ding
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, ShanDong, China
- * E-mail:
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14
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Aras D, Cinar O, Cakar Z, Ozkavukcu S, Can A. Can dicoumarol be used as a gonad-safe anticancer agent: an in vitro and in vivo experimental study. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 22:57-67. [PMID: 26612783 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY HYPOTHESIS Dicoumarol (DC) has potential for use as a gonad-safe anticancer agent. STUDY FINDING DC altered cell proliferation, decreased viability and increased apoptosis in Vero and MCF-7 cell lines but did not show any toxic effect on mouse ovarian tissues and developing oocytes in vitro and in vivo. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY DC suppresses cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in various cancer cells such as breast, urogenital and melanoma. DC has also been reported to alter the anticancer effects of several chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin, gemcitabine and doxorubicin in prostate, liver and uroepithelial cancer cells, respectively. STUDY DESIGN, SAMPLES/MATERIALS, METHODS Vero (African green monkey kidney epithelial cells) and MCF-7 (human cancerous breast epithelial cells) cell lines and mouse granulosa cells isolated from 21-day-old female BALB/c mice (n = 21) were used to assess the effects of DC (10, 50, 100 and 200 µm) for 24 and 48 h on cell proliferation, viability and apoptotic cell death. In vivo experiments were performed with a single i.p. injection of 32 mg/kg DC in 21-day-old female BALB/c mice (n = 12). Following 48 h, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and histological sections of isolated ovaries were evaluated for apoptosis. Viability assays were based on the trypan blue dye exclusion method and an automated cell counter device was used. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) and Annexin-V immunofluorescence were assessed by 3D confocal microscopy to address apoptotic cell death. We also assessed whether DC inhibits cell proliferation and viability through NQO1 [NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase 1], an intracellular inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The meiotic spindle and chromosomes were studied in mouse oocytes by α-β-tubulin and 7-aminoactinomycine D (7-AAD) immunostaining in vitro and in vivo. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE DC does not block oocyte maturation and no significant alteration was noted in meiotic spindle or chromosome morphology in metaphase-II (M-II) stage oocytes following DC treatment in vitro or in vivo. In contrast, exposure to DC for 24 h suppressed cell proliferation (P = 0.026 at 200 µm), decreased viability (P = 0.002 at 200 µm) and increased apoptosis (P = 0.048 at 100 µm) in Vero and MCF-7 cell lines, compared with controls. These changes were not related to intracellular NQO1 levels. Mouse granulosa cells were unaffected by 50 or 100 µm DC treatment for 24 and 48 h in vitro. DC treatment in vivo did not alter the number of primordial follicles or the ratio of apoptosis in primordial, primary and secondary follicles, as well as in antral follicles, compared with the controls. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION DC was tested for ovarian toxicity only in isolated mouse oocytes/ovaries and healthy BALB/c mice. No cancer formation was used as an in vivo test model. The possibility that DC may potentiate ovarian toxicity when combined with traditional chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitomycin-C, cisplatin, gemcitabine and doxorubicin, must be taken into account, as DC is known to alter their effects in some cancer cells. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The present study evaluated, for the first time, the effect of DC on ovarian tissue. The results suggested that DC is not toxic to ovarian tissues and developing oocytes; therefore, DC should be assessed further as a potential anticancer agent when female fertility preservation is a concern. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTERESTS This work includes data from dissertation thesis entitled 'Effects of dicoumarol on mitotic and meiotic cells as an anticancer agent' by DA, 2014 and was partly supported by The National Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (SBAG-109S415) to AC, OC and SO. The authors confirm that this article content presents no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duru Aras
- Ankara University Biotechnology Institute, Tandogan, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cinar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Biology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Cakar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Biology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Sinan Ozkavukcu
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Ankara University School of Medicine, Cebeci, Ankara 06590, Turkey
| | - Alp Can
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Biology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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15
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G Protein-Coupled Receptor 87 (GPR87) Promotes Cell Proliferation in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24319-31. [PMID: 26473854 PMCID: PMC4632752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 87 (GPR87) is a newly deorphanized member of the cell surface molecule G protein-coupled receptor family. GPR signaling was shown to play a role in promotion of cell growth and survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. The overexpression of GPR87 has also been reported in many malignant tumors including bladder cancer. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of silencing GPR87 expression with a replication-deficient recombinant adenoviral vector expressing short hairpin RNA targeting GPR87 (Ad-shGPR87) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms in bladder cancer cells. Six GPR87-expressing human bladder cancer cells, HT1197, HT1376, J82, RT112, TCCSUP and UMUC3, were used. Infection with Ad-shGPR87 effectively downregulated the GPR87 expression, and significantly reduced the percentage of viable cells in 4 of 6 cell lines as detected by an MTT assay. Significant inhibition on cell proliferation with Ad-shGPR87 was observed in the wild-type p53 bladder cancer cell lines (HT1197, RT112, TCCSUP and UMUC3), but not in the mutant p53 cells (HT1376 and J82). As represented by a wild-type p53 RT112 cell, Ad-shGPR87 infection significantly enhanced p53 and p21 expression and caused caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, the treatment with Ad-shGPR87 exerted a significant antitumor effect against the GPR87-expressing RT112 xenografts. GPR87 appeared to be a promising target for gene therapy, and Ad-shGPR87 had strong antitumor effects, specifically anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, against GPR87-expressing human bladder cancer cells.
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16
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Dar AA, Hussain S, Dutta D, Iyer PK, Khan AT. One-pot synthesis of functionalized 4-hydroxy-3-thiomethylcoumarins: detection and discrimination of Co2+ and Ni2+ ions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of 4-hydroxy-3-thiomethylcoumarin derivatives were synthesized via a one-pot three-component reaction catalysed by l-proline at room temperature. One of the derivative was used as fluorescence probe to monitor and distinguish Co2+ and Ni2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz A. Dar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Sameer Hussain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Debasish Dutta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Parameswar K. Iyer
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Abu T. Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
- Aliah University
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17
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Zeekpudsa P, Kukongviriyapan V, Senggunprai L, Sripa B, Prawan A. Suppression of NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 enhanced the susceptibility of cholangiocarcinoma cells to chemotherapeutic agents. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:11. [PMID: 24460787 PMCID: PMC3922744 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is highly resistant to most of the known chemotherapeutic treatments. NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an antioxidant/detoxifying enzyme recently recognized as an important contributor to chemoresistance in some human cancers. However, the contribution of NQO1 to chemotherapy resistance in CCA is unknown. Methods Two CCA cell lines, KKU-100 and KKU-M214, with high and low NQO1 expression levels, respectively, were used to evaluate the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents; 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin (Doxo), and gemcitabine (Gem). NQO1 and/or p53 expression in KKU-100 cells were knocked down by siRNA. NQO1 was over-expressed in KKU-M214 cells by transfection with pCMV6-XL5-NQO1 expression vector. CCA cells with modulated NQO1 and/or p53 expression were treated with chemotherapeutic agents, and the cytotoxicity was assessed by SRB assay. The mechanism of enhanced chemosensitivity was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results When NQO1 was knocked down, KKU-100 cells became more susceptible to all chemotherapeutic agents. Conversely, with over-expression of NQO1 made KKU-M214 cells more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. Western blot analysis suggested that enhanced chemosensitivity was probably due to the activation of p53-mediated cell death. Enhanced susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents by NQO1 silencing was abolished by knockdown of p53. Conclusions These results suggest that inhibition of NQO1 could enhance the susceptibility of CCA to an array of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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18
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DeGraff DJ, Robinson VL, Shah JB, Brandt WD, Sonpavde G, Kang Y, Liebert M, Wu XR, Taylor JA. Current preclinical models for the advancement of translational bladder cancer research. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 12:121-30. [PMID: 23269072 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common disease representing the fifth most diagnosed solid tumor in the United States. Despite this, advances in our understanding of the molecular etiology and treatment of bladder cancer have been relatively lacking. This is especially apparent when recent advances in other cancers, such as breast and prostate, are taken into consideration. The field of bladder cancer research is ready and poised for a series of paradigm-shifting discoveries that will greatly impact the way this disease is clinically managed. Future preclinical discoveries with translational potential will require investigators to take full advantage of recent advances in molecular and animal modeling methodologies. We present an overview of current preclinical models and their potential roles in advancing our understanding of this deadly disease and for advancing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J DeGraff
- 1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,Tennessee, USA
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19
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Downregulation of Ral GTPase-activating protein promotes tumor invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer. Oncogene 2012; 32:894-902. [PMID: 22450745 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase Ral is known to be highly activated in several human cancers, such as bladder, colon and pancreas cancers. It is reported that activated Ral is involved in cell proliferation, migration and metastasis of bladder cancer. This protein is activated by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs) and inactivated by Ral GTPase-activating proteins (RalGAPs), the latter of which consist of heterodimers containing a catalytic α1 or α2 subunit and a common β subunit. In Ras-driven cancers, such as pancreas and colon cancers, constitutively active Ras mutant activates Ral through interaction with RalGEFs, which contain the Ras association domain. However, little is known with regard to the mechanism that governs aberrant activation of Ral in bladder cancer, in which Ras mutations are relatively infrequent. Here, we show that Ral was highly activated in invasive bladder cancer cells due to reduced expression of RalGAPα2, the dominant catalytic subunit in bladder, rather than increased expression of RalGEFs. Exogenous expression of wild-type RalGAPα2 in KU7 bladder cancer cells with invasive phenotype, but not mutant RalGAPα2-N1742K lacking RalGAP activity, resulted in attenuated cell migration in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, genetic ablation of Ralgapa2 promoted tumor invasion in a chemically-induced murine bladder cancer model. Importantly, immunohistochemical analysis of human bladder cancer specimens revealed that lower expression of RalGAPα2 was associated with advanced clinical stage and poor survival of patients. Collectively, these results are highly indicative that attenuated expression of RalGAPα2 leads to disease progression of bladder cancer through enhancement of Ral activity.
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20
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A potent chemotherapeutic strategy in prostate cancer: S-(methoxytrityl)-L-cysteine, a novel Eg5 inhibitor. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:236-41. [PMID: 21297652 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel-based combination chemotherapy remains the predominant treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, taxane-related drug resistance and neurotoxicity have prompted us to develop substitute treatment strategies. Eg5 (kinesin spindle protein), which is crucial for bipolar spindle formation and duplicated chromosome separation during the early phase of mitosis, has emerged as an attractive target for cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer efficacy of S-(methoxytrityl)-L-cysteine (S(MeO)TLC), a novel Eg5 inhibitor in prostate cancer. Eg5 expression was examined in human prostate cancer cell lines and tissue microarrays were constructed from clinical specimens. Antiproliferative activity of S(MeO)TLC in prostate cancer cells was assessed by a cell viability assay. The anticancer effect and inhibitory mechanism of S(MeO)TLC in prostate cancer cells was further explored by Hoechst staining, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. In addition, the antitumor effect of S(MeO)TLC on subcutaneous xenograft models was assessed. Eg5 expression was identified in PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells. More than half of prostate cancer clinical specimens displayed Eg5 expression. S(MeO)TLC exhibited more powerful anticancer activity in prostate cancer cells compared with the other four Eg5 inhibitors tested. S(MeO)TLC induced cell death after arresting dividing cells at mitosis with distinct monopolar spindle formation. S(MeO)TLC exhibited its significant inhibitory activity (P<0.05) on subcutaneous xenograft models also through induction of mitotic arrest. We conclude that Eg5 is a good target for prostate cancer chemotherapy, and S(MeO)TLC is a potent promising anticancer agent in prostate cancer.
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21
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Ding S, Nishizawa K, Kobayashi T, Oishi S, Lv J, Fujii N, Ogawa O, Nishiyama H. A Potent Chemotherapeutic Strategy for Bladder Cancer: (
S
)-Methoxy-Trityl-L-Cystein, a Novel Eg5 Inhibitor. J Urol 2010; 184:1175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sentai Ding
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Koji Nishizawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jiajv Lv
- Department of Urology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishiyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Buranrat B, Prawan A, Kukongviriyapan U, Kongpetch S, Kukongviriyapan V. Dicoumarol enhances gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in high NQO1-expressing cholangiocarcinoma cells. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:2362-70. [PMID: 20480521 PMCID: PMC2874140 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i19.2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether dicoumarol, a potent inhibitor of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), potentiates gemcitabine to induce cytotoxicity in cholangiocarcinoma cells (CCA) and the role of reactive oxygen generation in sensitizing the cells.
METHODS: Four human cell lines with different NQO1 activity were used; the human CCA cell lines, KKU-100, KKU-OCA17, KKU-M214, and Chang liver cells. NQO1 activity and mRNA expression were determined. The cells were pretreated with dicoumarol at relevant concentrations before treatment with gemcitabine. Cytotoxicity was determined by staining with fluorescent dyes. Oxidant formation was examined by assay of cellular glutathione levels and reactive oxygen species production by using dihydrofluorescein diacetate. Measurement of mitochondrial transmembrane potential was performed by using JC-1 fluorescent probe. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine levels of survival related proteins.
RESULTS: Dicoumarol markedly enhanced the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in KKU-100 and KKU-OCA17, the high NQO1 activity and mRNA expressing cells, but not in the other cells with low NQO1 activity. Dicoumarol induced a marked decrease in cellular redox of glutathione in KKU-100 cells, in contrast to KKU-M214 cells. Dicoumarol at concentrations that inhibited NQO1 activity did not alter mitochondrial transmembrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species. Gemcitabine alone induced activation of NF-κB and Bcl-XL protein expression. However, gemcitabine and dicoumarol combination induced increased p53 and decreased Bcl-XL levels in KKU-100, but not in KKU-M214 cells.
CONCLUSION: NQO1 may be important in sensitizing cells to anticancer drugs and inhibition of NQO1 may be a strategy for the treatment of CCA.
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