Evaporation of a model skin lotion with beta-hydroxy acids

When passion meets purpose: love for chemistry drives female Jordanian professor

What summons this writing today is shedding light on my lifetime merits (Dr. Abeer Al-Bawab) leading up to becoming the first Jordanian woman to receive the IUPAC award. “I would like to say that I am the first Arab, but an Egyptian Academic Prof woman beat me to it”. As an organization that has existed for 102 years and which oversees the discoveries of many chemical stories and research, including that of the Periodic Table and Avogadro numbers, IUPAC and its nominations are certainly not to be taken lightly. It is my honor to receive this award and be selected among a prestigious group of scientists to have received this award. It is my hope that this writing inspires other aspiring chemists and scientists. Finally, it is my hope that my story exemplifies that when you are equipped with a strong passion for science, no adversity can stand in the way of your success.

Some non-equilibrium phenomena in the malic acid/water/Polysorbate 81 system

Topical formulations undergo radical structural changes after application and the action on the skin is not directly related to the original structure of the formulation. This fact has been well established in the scientific literature. However, and more essential, is the fact that these changes in the formulation structure are not equilibrium ones. Especially so, with the hydroxy acids, which are widely used in cosmetic and dermatological treatment of skin. The article reports the first investigation into the non-equilibrium conditions in a hydroxy acid system. Different phases in the title system, which were not in mutual equilibrium, were brought in contact while avoiding convection. The transfer of substance between them was estimated from the changes in volume of each phase. The results showed, unexpectedly, that the systems were far from equilibrium even after prolonged times in contact. The kinetics of the changes varied to significant degree, from extremely slow, when solid phases were involved to fast for liquid phases. In one case was observed a separated layer, which was not found in the phase diagram under equilibrium conditions.

Phase behavior of beta hydroxy-acids with laureth 4

The colloidal structures of beta carboxylic acid topical vesicle formulations were determined and the changes during evaporation after applications were estimated from phase diagrams. The results showed significant difference during evaporation between salicylic acid on one hand and three water soluble acids; malic, tartaric, and citric acid, on the other. The water soluble acids showed an increase in the acid concentration in the aqueous solution to levels that must be considered harmful, while salicylic acid showed no increase in concentration in the individual phases even after 99% evaporation of water.