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Wang Y, Hawk ST. Emotion Dynamics among Late Adolescents and Emerging Adults: The Role of Maternal Privacy Invasion Perceptions. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02010-w. [PMID: 38782843 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Prior research suggests that youth experience immediate emotional distress following privacy invasion, but it is unclear whether and how persistent privacy invasion over longer periods destabilizes the intrapersonal emotional regulatory functions that privacy serves. This study investigated whether late adolescents and emerging adults who reported different patterns of maternal privacy invasion over a full academic year showed differences in emotion regulation, as reflected by the frequency and lability of negative and positive emotional experiences. Participants were first-year university students (n = 349; 60.2% female) in Hong Kong, aged 17 to 24 (MT1 = 18.20, SDT1 = 1.10). They self-reported maternal privacy invasion perceptions and negative and positive emotions 16 times, at bi-weekly intervals. Latent class growth analyses divided participants into a Higher Invasion Perceptions group (24.9%), a Moderate Invasion Perceptions group (46.4%), and a Lower Invasion Perceptions group (28.7%). A one-way MANCOVA examined potential differences in negative and positive emotion dynamics across groups, indexed by frequency (means) and instability (mean square of successive differences and probability of acute change). In line with predictions, both the Higher Invasion and Moderate Invasion groups reported higher negative emotion frequency and instability, compared to the Lower Invasion group. However, groups showed no significant differences regarding positive emotion frequency and instability. The findings indicate that perceptions of maternal privacy invasion predict youth's negative emotion regulation processes over their first collegiate year. Prolonged, higher levels of maternal privacy invasion may disrupt the intrapersonal regulatory functions that privacy serves over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Wang
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Skyler T Hawk
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong
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Astle SM, Jankovich MO, Vennum A, Rogers AA. Parent-Child Sexual Communication Frequency and Adolescent Disclosure to Mothers About Sexuality: The Moderating Role of Open Communication in a Common Fate Structural Equation Model. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:1045-1054. [PMID: 35302912 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2045888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although frequent and open parent-child sexual communication (PCSC) has been shown to yield positive effects on adolescent sexual health outcomes, most PCSC is one-sided and parent dominated rather than ideal communication characterized by openness. Adolescent children's disclosure of sexual feelings and behaviors to parents can prompt parent-child sexual communication (PCSC) and help parents tailor PCSC to children's needs, increasing the effectiveness of PCSC in promoting positive sexual outcomes. However, very little work has been done exploring correlates of adolescent disclosure about sexuality. Thus, the current study explored the associations between frequent PCSC and child disclosure and secret keeping, and whether open PCSC moderated the relationships. The sample included 603 mother-child dyads from the United States. Adolescent children were 12-17 years old (M = 14.55, SD = 1.68), White (55.6%) and cisgender female (49.8%). A common-fate SEM model revealed that PCSC frequency was positively associated with adolescent disclosure and adolescent secret keeping. However, when PCSC was open, PCSC frequency was associated with a decrease in adolescent secret keeping and an increase in adolescent disclosure. We discuss the importance of encouraging both open and frequent PCSC, as their interaction is related to increased adolescent disclosure and less adolescent secret keeping.
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Peng S, Hawk ST, Wang Y. Perceptions of Parental Privacy Invasion and Information Management among Chinese Adolescents: Comparing Between- and Within-Family Associations. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1287-1300. [PMID: 37043036 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese conceptualization of family privacy is interdependent and hierarchically structured, but mounting evidence suggests that contemporary Chinese youth hold strong desires for individual privacy and respond defensively to perceived parental privacy invasions. The current research examined within-person associations among adolescents' perceptions of parental privacy invasion, secrecy, and disclosure to parents in the Chinese context. This study collected data from 289 Chinese youth (MageT1 = 13.57, SD = 0.63, 50.30% male) at six-month intervals over one year. Random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling (RI-CLPM) showed that stronger perceptions of parental invasion predicted later within-person decreases in adolescents' disclosure and increases in secrecy. Disclosure and secrecy did not predict later perceptions of parental invasion at the within-person level. The findings suggest that Chinese youth manage privacy reactively and defensively when feelings of invasion occur, by decreasing disclosure and increasing secrecy. Stereotypes portraying Chinese youth as highly deferential to parents' demands for informational access might not be representative of adolescents in contemporary society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisang Peng
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Skyler T Hawk
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yingqian Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
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Smetana JG, Wainryb C. Adolescents’ and emerging adults’ reminisces about emotions in the context of disclosing, concealing, and lying to parents. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith G. Smetana
- Department of Psychology University of Rochester Rochester New York USA
| | - Cecilia Wainryb
- Department of Psychology University of Utah, Salt Lake Meliora Hall Rochester Utah RC 270266 USA
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Lionetti F, Palladino BE, Moses Passini C, Casonato M, Hamzallari O, Ranta M, Dellagiulia A, Keijsers L. The development of parental monitoring during adolescence: A meta-analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2018.1476233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lionetti
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | | | | | - Marta Casonato
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mette Ranta
- Faculty of Educational Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
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Kil H, Grusec JE, Chaparro MP. Maternal disclosure and adolescent prosocial behavior: The mediating roles of adolescent disclosure and coping. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Barbosa PV, Neumann AP, Alves CF, Teixeira MAP, Wagner A. Autonomia, Responsividade/Exigência e Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental: Perspectiva de Pais e Adolescentes. PSICO-USF 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-82712017220103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Este estudo comparou a avaliação de pais e filhos sobre as variáveis Autonomia Adolescente, Responsividade e Exigência dos Pais e Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental. Participaram 36 pais ou responsáveis e seus filhos adolescentes. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Estilos Parentais, o Questionário de Autonomia e o Questionário de Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados denotaram níveis médios de autonomia adolescente e altos de Responsividade e Exigência Parental. Foram encontradas, porém, diferenças nas percepções de pais e filhos quanto ao nível de autonomia dos adolescentes, à responsividade e exigência dos pais e à atribuição de legitimidade da autoridade parental. Os resultados ilustram a dinâmica do desenvolvimento da autonomia em uma amostra de participantes de nível socioeconômico médio a alto e com bons níveis de relacionamento familiar. Evidencia-se a importância do equilíbrio entre afetividade e exigência na dinâmica familiar para o desenvolvimento da autonomia adolescente.
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Hawk ST. Chinese adolescents' reports of covert parental monitoring: Comparisons with overt monitoring and links with information management. J Adolesc 2017; 55:24-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Im MH, Hughes JN, West SG. Effect of Trajectories of Friends' and Parents' School Involvement on Adolescents' Engagement and Achievement. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2016; 26:963-978. [PMID: 28239244 PMCID: PMC5321170 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In a sample of 527 academically at-risk youth, we investigated trajectories of friends' and parents' school involvement across ages 12-14 and the joint contributions of these trajectories to adolescents' age 15 school engagement and academic achievement. Girls reported higher levels of friends' and parents' school involvement than boys. Both parents' and friends' school involvement declined across ages 12-14. Combined latent growth models and structural equation models showed effects of the trajectories of friends' and parents' school involvement on adolescents' age 15 school engagement and academic achievement, over and above adolescents' prior performance. These effects were additive rather than interactive. Strategies for enhancing parent involvement in school and students' affiliation with peers who are positively engaged in school are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hee Im
- Texas A&M University and American Institutes for Research
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Qu Y, Pomerantz EM, Wang M, Cheung C, Cimpian A. Conceptions of Adolescence: Implications for Differences in Engagement in School Over Early Adolescence in the United States and China. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 45:1512-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chan HY, Brown BB, Von Bank H. Adolescent disclosure of information about peers: the mediating role of perceptions of parents' right to know. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:1048-65. [PMID: 25707343 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Following the important insight that what parents know about their adolescent offspring depends primarily on what the child tells them, this study examines how attitudes about what parents have a right to know mediate the associations between several factors (quality of parent-child relationships, time spent with family and peers, levels of antisocial and prosocial behaviors, and gender and age) and adolescents' disclosures about peer relations. In two studies of early and middle adolescents (Ns = 231, 249; M ages = 14.5, 13.0; 62.3, 51.8 % female; 53.7, 67.5 % European American), a new measure of right-to-know attitudes is derived and then applied to four facets of adolescents' experiences with peers: details of activities with peers, issues in specific relationships, and positive and negative peer characteristics. The findings indicate that adolescents are more inclined to disclose certain aspects of their peer relations than others, but these inclinations are related to several factors-especially the quality of mother-child relationships and involvement in antisocial behavior-and mediated by adolescents' attitudes regarding what parents have a right to know about peers. The results are related to autonomy development and parental oversight of adolescent peer interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Yu Chan
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1025 W Johnson St, Madison, WI, 53706, USA,
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Qin L, Pomerantz EM. Reciprocal pathways between American and Chinese early adolescents' sense of responsibility and disclosure to parents. Child Dev 2013; 84:1887-95. [PMID: 23534407 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This research examined the reciprocal pathways between youth's sense of responsibility to parents and disclosure to them during early adolescence in the United States and China. Four times over the seventh and eighth grades, 825 American and Chinese youth (M(age) = 12.73 years) reported on their sense of responsibility to parents and disclosure of everyday activities to them. Autoregressive latent trajectory models revealed that the more youth felt responsible to parents, the more they subsequently disclosed to them in both the United States and China. The reverse was also true: The more youth disclosed to parents, the more responsible they felt to them over time. The strength of these reciprocal pathways increased as youth progressed through early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Qin
- National University of Singapore
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