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Cai H, Ni L, Hu X, Ding X. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress reverses synaptic plasticity deficits in striatum of DYT1 dystonia mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20319-20334. [PMID: 34398825 PMCID: PMC8436893 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective: Striatal plasticity alterations caused by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is supposed to be critically involved in the mechanism of DYT1 dystonia. In the current study, we expanded this research field by investigating the critical role of ER stress underlying synaptic plasticity impairment imposed by mutant heterozygous Tor1a+/- in a DYT1 dystonia mouse model. Methods: Heterozygous Tor1a+/- mouse model for DYT1 dystonia was established. Wild-type (Tor1a+/+, N=10) and mutant (Tor1a+/-, N=10) mice from post-natal day P25 to P35 were randomly distributed to experimental and control groups. Patch-clamp and current-clamp recordings of SPNs were conducted with intracellular electrodes for electrophysiological analyses. Striatal changes of the direct and indirect pathways were investigated via immunofluorescence. Golgi-Cox staining was conducted to observe spine morphology of SPNs. To quantify postsynaptic signaling proteins in striatum, RNA-Seq, qRT-PCR and WB were performed in striatal tissues. Results: Long-term depression (LTD) was failed to be induced, while long-term potentiation (LTP) was further strengthened in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) from the Tor1a+/- DYT1 dystonia mice. Spine morphology analyses revealed a significant increase of both number of mushroom type spines and spine width in Tor1a+/- SPNs. In addition, increased AMPA receptor function and the reduction of NMDA/AMPA ratio in the postsynaptic of Tor1a+/- SPNs was observed, along with increased ER stress protein levels in striatum of Tor1a+/- DYT1 dystonia mice. Notably, ER stress inhibitors, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), could rescue LTD as well as AMPA currents. Conclusion: The current study illustrated the role of ER stress in mediating structural and functional plasticity alterations in Tor1a+/- SPNs. Inhibition of the ER stress by TUDCA is beneficial in reversing the deficits at the cellular and molecular levels. Remedy of dystonia associated neurological and motor functional impairment by ER stress inhibitors could be a recommendable therapeutic agent in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Cai
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Linhui Ni
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xingyue Hu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xianjun Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Ma H, Qu J, Ye L, Shu Y, Qu Q. Blepharospasm, Oromandibular Dystonia, and Meige Syndrome: Clinical and Genetic Update. Front Neurol 2021; 12:630221. [PMID: 33854473 PMCID: PMC8039296 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.630221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meige syndrome (MS) is cranial dystonia characterized by the combination of upper and lower cranial involvement and including binocular eyelid spasms (blepharospasm; BSP) and involuntary movements of the jaw muscles (oromandibular dystonia; OMD). The etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder of the extrapyramidal system are not well-understood. Neurologic and ophthalmic examinations often reveal no abnormalities, making diagnosis difficult and often resulting in misdiagnosis. A small proportion of patients have a family history of the disease, but to date no causative genes have been identified to date and no cure is available, although botulinum toxin A therapy effectively mitigates the symptoms and deep brain stimulation is gaining increasing attention as a viable alternative treatment option. Here we review the history and progress of research on MS, BSP, and OMD, as well as the etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangjun Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Siokas V, Aloizou AM, Tsouris Z, Michalopoulou A, Mentis AFA, Dardiotis E. Risk Factor Genes in Patients with Dystonia: A Comprehensive Review. TREMOR AND OTHER HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 8:559. [PMID: 30643666 PMCID: PMC6329780 DOI: 10.7916/d8h438gs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Dystonia is a movement disorder with high heterogeneity regarding phenotypic appearance and etiology that occurs in both sporadic and familial forms. The etiology of the disease remains unknown. However, there is increasing evidence suggesting that a small number of gene alterations may lead to dystonia. Although pathogenic variants to the familial type of dystonia have been extensively reviewed and discussed, relatively little is known about the contribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to dystonia. This review focuses on the potential role of SNPs and other variants in dystonia susceptibility. Methods We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles published in English, from its inception through January 2018, that concerned human studies of dystonia and genetic variants. The following search terms were included: “dystonia” in combination with the following terms: 1) “polymorphisms” and 2) “SNPs” as free words. Results A total of 43 published studies regarding TOR1A, BDNF, DRD5, APOE, ARSG, NALC, OR4X2, COL4A1, TH, DDC, DBH, MAO, COMT, DAT, GCH1, PRKRA, MR-1, SGCE, ATP1A3, TAF1, THAP1, GNAL, DRD2, HLA-DRB, CBS, MTHFR, and MS genes, were included in the current review. Discussion To date, a few variants, which are possibly involved in several molecular pathways, have been related to dystonia. Large cohort studies are needed to determine robust associations between variants and dystonia with adjustment for other potential cofounders, in order to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of dystonia and the net effect of the genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Zisis Tsouris
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Amalia Michalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Alexios-Fotios A Mentis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR.,Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, GR
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
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Siokas V, Kardaras D, Aloizou AM, Asproudis I, Boboridis KG, Papageorgiou E, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Tsironi EE, Dardiotis E. BDNF rs6265 (Val66Met) Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Blepharospasm. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 21:68-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sako W, Murakami N, Izumi Y, Kaji R. Val66Met polymorphism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with idiopathic dystonia. J Clin Neurosci 2014; 22:575-7. [PMID: 25523127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Val66Met (G196A; rs6265) single nucleotide polymorphism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) affects morphology and neuronal activity, and is expected to be associated with central nervous system disorders. However, it remains controversial whether Val66Met polymorphism is a risk factor for idiopathic dystonia. We aimed to clarify the impact of BDNF polymorphism on idiopathic dystonia. A literature search of PubMed was carried out. A random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis. A pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to reflect the risk of idiopathic dystonia in each genotype (GG, AG, AA) or minor allele. The proportion of variation due to heterogeneity was computed and expressed as I(2). Five case-control studies, comprising a total sample size of 1804 subjects (784 idiopathic dystonia patients, 1020 normal controls), were included in this meta-analysis. AA genotype was significantly more frequent in patients with idiopathic dystonia (OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.09-1.99, p=0.01, four studies, n=1716). This finding was derived from homogeneous studies (p=0.97, I(2)=0%). Our meta-analysis has revealed a significant overall effect of the AA genotype on the development of idiopathic dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sako
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
| | - Nagahisa Murakami
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Gómez-Garre P, Huertas-Fernández I, Cáceres-Redondo MT, Alonso-Canovas A, Bernal-Bernal I, Blanco-Ollero A, Bonilla-Toribio M, Burguera JA, Carballo M, Carrillo F, Catalán-Alonso MJ, Escamilla-Sevilla F, Espinosa-Rosso R, Fernández-Moreno MC, García-Caldentey J, García-Moreno JM, García-Ruiz PJ, Giacometti-Silveira S, Gutiérrez-García J, Jesús S, López-Valdés E, Martínez-Castrillo JC, Martínez-Torres I, Medialdea-Natera MP, Méndez-Lucena C, Mínguez-Castellanos A, Moya M, Ochoa-Sepulveda JJ, Ojea T, Rodríguez N, Sillero-Sánchez M, Vargas-González L, Mir P. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in primary adult-onset dystonia: a case-control study and meta-analysis. Mov Disord 2014; 29:1083-6. [PMID: 24925604 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A polymorphism in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Val66Met) has been reported as a risk factor in primary dystonia. However, overall the results have been inconclusive. Our aim was to clarify the association of Val66Met with primary dystonia, and with the most prevalent clinical subtypes, cervical dystonia and blepharospasm. METHODS We conducted a Spanish multicenter case-control study (including 680 primary dystonia patients and 788 healthy controls) and performed a meta-analysis integrating our study and six previously published studies (including a total of 1,936 primary dystonia patients and 2,519 healthy controls). RESULTS We found no allelic or genotypic association with primary dystonia, cervical dystonia, or blepharospasm risks, for the allele A (Met) from a BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in our case-control study. This was confirmed by results from our meta-analysis in white and mixed ethnic populations in any genetic model. CONCLUSION We did not find any evidence supporting the association of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism with primary dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
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Svetel MV, Djuric G, Novakovic I, Dobricic V, Stefanova E, Kresojevic N, Tomic A, Jankovic M, Petrovic I, Pekmezovic T, Kostic VS. A common polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene in patients with adult-onset primary focal and segmental dystonia. Acta Neurol Belg 2013; 113:243-5. [PMID: 23381842 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-013-0183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulates neuroplasticity. A functional polymorphism [Val66Met (G196A)] in BDNF has been reported to modify cortical plasticity in humans. Physiologic investigations have revealed that dystonia might be a consequence of the pathologic plasticity of the sensorimotor cortex. We aimed to investigate the role of the Val66Met polymorphism in a cohort of Serbian patients with adult-onset primary focal and segmental dystonia (PTD). One hundred and forty-nine patients with primary adult-onset PTD, 194 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 366 healthy control subjects were recruited for the study. Patients with PTD and PD, as well as healthy controls had a similar distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies. There was no any significant difference in the allelic distribution at the Val66Met SNP of the BDNF gene among patients with adult-onset PTD, PD, and healthy volunteers from the same geographic areas. In addition, the presence of the Met allele did not influence the clinical characteristics of PTD patients. Patients with the Met variant did not differ by age at onset, number of affected regions, and efficacy of a sensory trick. Met66Met is not associated with an increased risk of dystonia.
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Chen Y, Song W, Yang J, Chen K, Huang R, Zhao B, Cao B, Burgunder J, Shang HF. Association of the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene with primary cranial-cervical dystonia patients from South-west China. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2013; 19:1043-5. [PMID: 23816543 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of primary dystonia remains unclear. Recent genetic studies suggest that the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene is a genetic modifier in cranial-cervical dystonia in Caucasians. However, the finding is not consistent. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 193 patients with primary cranial-cervical dystonia from the Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University was included. From the same region, 216 healthy individuals were recruited as a control group. The Val66Met SNP was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS In the present study, cervical dystonia (59.59%) was the most common type of primary cranial-cervical dystonia. No significant difference was found in the genotype and minor allele frequencies between all patients and controls, between cervical dystonia patients and controls, and between craniocervical dystonia patients and controls. However, significant differences were found in the genotype and minor allele frequencies of Val66Met SNP between blepharospasm (BSP) patients and controls (P=0.0080 and P=0.0042, respectively), and between BSP patients and patients with craniocervical derived from BSP (P=0.0010 and P=0.0002, respectively). CONCLUSION Minor allele "A" of BDNF Val66Met SNP may increase the risk for developing BSP and may be a protective factor for preventing BSP progressing to craniocervical dystonia. More association studies involving a larger number of participants are needed to confirm the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ma L, Chen Y, Wang L, Yang Y, Cheng F, Tian Y, Wan X. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism is not associated with primary dystonia in a Chinese population. Neurosci Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
The last 25 years have seen remarkable advances in our understanding of the genetic etiologies of dystonia, new approaches into dissecting underlying pathophysiology, and independent progress in identifying effective treatments. In this review we highlight some of these advances, especially the genetic findings that have taken us from phenomenological to molecular-based diagnoses. Twenty DYT loci have been designated and 10 genes identified, all based on linkage analyses in families. Hand in hand with these genetic findings, neurophysiological and imaging techniques have been employed that have helped illuminate the similarities and differences among the various etiological dystonia subtypes. This knowledge is just beginning to yield new approaches to treatment including those based on DYT1 animal models. Despite the lag in identifying genetically based therapies, effective treatments, including impressive benefits from deep brain stimulation and botulinum toxin chemodenervation, have marked the last 25 years. The challenge ahead includes continued advancement into understanding dystonia's many underlying causes and associated pathology and using this knowledge to advance treatment including preventing genetic disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Genetics and Pharmacological Treatment of Dystonia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381328-2.00019-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Genetic and clinical features of primary torsion dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2010; 42:127-35. [PMID: 21168499 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary torsion dystonia (PTD) is defined as a syndrome in which dystonia is the only clinical sign (except for tremor), and there is no evidence of neuronal degeneration or an acquired cause by history or routine laboratory assessment. Seven different loci have been recognized for PTD but only two of the genes have been identified. In this review we will describe the phenotypes associated with these loci and discuss the responsible gene. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Advances in dystonia".
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Neurology in the European Journal of Neurology. Eur J Neurol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03248.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Advances in the genetics of dystonia have further elucidated the pathophysiology of this clinically and etiologically heterogeneous group of movement disorders. Currently, 20 monogenic forms of dystonia, designated by the acronym DYT, are grouped as 1) pure dystonias, 2) dystonia-plus syndromes, and 3) paroxysmal dystonias/dyskinesias. We summarize recently discovered genes and loci, including the 1) detection of two primary dystonia genes (DYT6, DYT16), 2) identification of the DYT17 locus, 3) association of a dystonia/dyskinesia phenotype with a gene previously linked to GLUT1 (glucose transporter of the blood-brain barrier) deficiency syndrome (DYT18), 4) designation of paroxysmal kinesigenic and nonkinesigenic dyskinesia as DYT19 and DYT20, and 5) redefinition of DYT14 as DYT5. Further, we review current knowledge regarding genetic modifiers and susceptibility factors. Because recognizing and diagnosing monogenic dystonias have important implications for patients and their families with regard to counseling, prognosis, and treatment, we highlight clinical "red flags" of individual subtypes and review guidelines for genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Brüggemann
- Schilling Section of Clinical and Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
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Cramer SC, Sampat A, Haske-Palomino M, Nguyen S, Procaccio V, Hermanowicz N. Increased prevalence of val(66)met BDNF genotype among subjects with cervical dystonia. Neurosci Lett 2009; 468:42-5. [PMID: 19857550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of cortical representational maps and their plasticity have been described in dystonia. A common polymorphism for BDNF has been associated with abnormal cortical plasticity, and thus might contribute to pathogenesis of dystonia in some subjects. As a first step towards this suggestion, the current study examined the prevalence of this polymorphism. BDNF genotype was examined in 34 subjects with cervical dystonia, 54 age-matched healthy controls, and 53 subjects with a different movement disorder, Parkinson's disease. ApoE genotype, known to influence neurological outcome in some conditions, was also examined as a control. In subjects with cervical dystonia, the val(66)met polymorphism was approximately twice as prevalent when compared to either control group. This was not true of ApoE genotype, which was similarly distributed across subject groups. The current findings suggest that the BDNF val(66)met polymorphism might play a role in the pathogenesis of cervical dystonia in some subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Cramer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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