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Wang Y, Hao Z, Pan L. Evaluation of multiple hydrophilic interaction chromatography columns and surrogate matrix for arginine quantification in saliva by high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3580-3593. [PMID: 34405941 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Arginine, a pivotal ingredient in many biochemical synthetic pathways, can be used as a biomarker for many oral care clinical applications. It is still a challenge to develop a sensitive and reliable chromatographic method to quantify arginine as a biomarker in saliva, with or without arginine product pretreatment. The current method solved two critical issues for arginine quantitation in human saliva. The first issue was how to optimize arginine peak shape. A hydrophilic interaction chromatography method based on the column selection, pH and pKa relationship, mobile phase ionic strength, organic solvent consideration, and temperature effects was developed. An optimized chromatographic condition for arginine quantitation in the saliva matrix was obtained. The second issue was how to build confidence in the use of a simple surrogate matrix methodology to replace the more complex traditional standard addition methodology. The surrogate matrix methodology we developed is applicable to the measurement of arginine as a potential non-invasive biomarker in human saliva. The method detection and quantification limit reached 2 and 6 ng/mL. The tailing factor was within the 0.9-1.1 range even though arginine had three pKa values at 2.18, 9.09, and 13.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Cross Category Research and Innovation Department, Technology Center, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zhigang Hao
- Cross Category Research and Innovation Department, Technology Center, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Long Pan
- Cross Category Research and Innovation Department, Technology Center, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Bilal M, Barceló D, Iqbal HMN. Persistence, ecological risks, and oxidoreductases-assisted biocatalytic removal of triclosan from the aquatic environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 735:139194. [PMID: 32485445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) has been immensely employed in health care products and consumer items, as an active agent with fungicidal and bactericidal potentialities, such as soaps, sanitizers, tubes of toothpaste, deodorants, skin creams, and so on for over last five decades. The ultimate excretory route of TCS ends in our water matrices, thus has been frequently detected with ecological and human-health related matters and hazards. Bioactive residues of TCS reach into the key atmosphere compartment through numerous routes, such as (1) scarce or ineffective elimination or degradation throughout the treatment practices, (2) abandoned landfill leachates, (3) leakage from the discarded TCS-containing materials, and so on. Such persistence and occurrence of TCS or its degraded but bioactive residues have growing attentions. Its complete removal and/or effective prevention are still challenging tasks for safeguarding the environment. Owing to the highly effective catalytic and stability potential, enzyme-based bio-degradation approaches are considered an evocative substitute for TCS mitigation from environmental matrices. As compared to enzymes in their pristine form, immobilized enzymes, with unique catalytic, stability, selectivity, and reusability profile, are of supreme and strategic interest in environmental biotechnology. Herein, an effort has been made to signify the novel bio-catalytic and bio-degradation potentialities of various oxidoreductases, including laccases, and peroxidases including soybean peroxidase, versatile manganese peroxidase, and horseradish peroxidase with suitable examples. Following a brief introduction, the focus is given to the presence of TCS in the key atmosphere compartments. Potential sources, acquaintance, and hazardous influence of TCS are also discussed with recent and relevant examples. The second half shows the TCS removal/degradation potentialities of soluble enzyme-based catalytic systems and immobilized-enzyme-based catalytic systems. Finally, the concluding remarks, along with possible future directions are given in this significant research arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Damiá Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
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Huang CL, Abass OK, Yu CP. Triclosan: A review on systematic risk assessment and control from the perspective of substance flow analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 566-567:771-785. [PMID: 27239720 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a broad spectrum antibacterial agent mainly used in Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products. Its increasing use over recent decades have raised its concentration in the environment, with commonly detectable levels found along the food web-from aquatic organisms to humans in the ecosystem. To date, there is shortage of information on how to investigate TCS's systematic risk on exposed organisms including humans, due to the paucity of systematic information on TCS flows in the anthroposphere. Therefore, a more holistic approach to mass flow balancing is required, such that the systematic risk of TCS in all environmental matrices are evaluated. From the perspective of Substance Flow Analysis (SFA), this review critically summarizes the current state of knowledge on TCS production, consumption, discharge, occurrence in built and natural environments, its exposure and metabolism in humans, and also the negative effects of TCS on biota and humans. Recent risk concerns have mainly focused on TCS removal efficiencies and metabolism, but less attention is given to the effect of mass flows from source to fate during risk exposure. However, available data for TCS SFA is limited but SFA can derive logical systematic information from limited data currently available for systematic risk assessment and reduction, based on mass flow analysis. In other words, SFA tool can be used to develop a comprehensive flow chart and indicator system for the risk assessment and reduction of TCS flows in the anthroposphere, thereby bridging knowledge gaps to streamline uncertainties related to policy-making on exposure pathways within TCS flow-lines. In the final analysis, specifics on systematic TCS risk assessment via SFA, and areas of improvement on human adaptation to risks posed by emerging contaminants are identified and directions for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Long Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, 398, Donghai Street, Quanzhou 362000, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Olusegun K Abass
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71, Chou-Shan Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Dhillon GS, Kaur S, Pulicharla R, Brar SK, Cledón M, Verma M, Surampalli RY. Triclosan: current status, occurrence, environmental risks and bioaccumulation potential. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:5657-84. [PMID: 26006133 PMCID: PMC4454990 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120505657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a multi-purpose antimicrobial agent used as a common ingredient in everyday household personal care and consumer products. The expanded use of TCS provides a number of pathways for the compound to enter the environment and it has been detected in sewage treatment plant effluents; surface; ground and drinking water. The physico-chemical properties indicate the bioaccumulation and persistence potential of TCS in the environment. Hence, there is an increasing concern about the presence of TCS in the environment and its potential negative effects on human and animal health. Nevertheless, scarce monitoring data could be one reason for not prioritizing TCS as emerging contaminant. Conventional water and wastewater treatment processes are unable to completely remove the TCS and even form toxic intermediates. Considering the worldwide application of personal care products containing TCS and inefficient removal and its toxic effects on aquatic organisms, the compound should be considered on the priority list of emerging contaminants and its utilization in all products should be regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Surinder Kaur
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
- Department of Mycology & Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Rama Pulicharla
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Maximiliano Cledón
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
- CONICET-IIMyC, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mausam Verma
- CO2 Solutions Inc., 2300, Rue Jean-Perrin, Québec, QC G2C 1T9, Canada.
| | - Rao Y Surampalli
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, N104 SEC P.O. Box 886105, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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Lourith N, Kanlayavattanakul M. Review Article: Oral malodour and active ingredients for treatment. Int J Cosmet Sci 2010; 32:321-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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