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Llamas-Velasco M, Ovejero-Merino E, García-Diez A, Requena L, Daudén E, Steegmann JL. Cutaneous side effects in a cohort of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: General description and further characterization, correlation with photoexposition and study of hypopigmentation as treatment's prognostic factor. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14428. [PMID: 33073453 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous adverse effects (AE) related to tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs have been mainly described as case reports. We have characterized their appearance and correlation with patient's photoexposition habits and, further, with treatment response, in 61 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treated with TKI drugs. We have found hypopigmentation in 49.2% of the cases and a statistically significant association with interferon (IFN) intake. Eyelid edema's frequency was 45.4%. Mean photo-exposure was 1.95 h/day and only 8.3% of the patients used sunscreen daily. 44.3% of the patients reported a lighter skin color with the treatment and a statistically significant relationship with conjunctival hemorrhage was also found. Concordance between patients and dermatologist was moderate (kappa index 0.41). We found xerosis (21.3%), eczematous eruptions (21.3%), melasma (4.9%) and other isolated skin problems (ie, granulomatous panniculitis) in up to 16.4% of cases. Appearance of hypopigmented macules is associated to vascular conjunctival fragility and these patients need a slightly longer time to reach a complete molecular response, but without additional changes in survival or relapse frequency. We have stablished a specific dermatologic diagnosis in all the cases and we have not found the previously published as maculopapular rashes. Hypopigmentation, the more frequent AE, was not perceived as a relevant side effect. Photosensitivity, in our cases, was not reported, although imatinib-treated patients avoided sun-exposure. In addition, we identified some nonpreviously described dermatologic conditions in patients taking TKI drugs, like granulomatous panniculitis tufted folliculitis or oral spindle cell lipoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica de La Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Voth Laboratorio Diagnóstico, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amaro García-Diez
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica de La Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Daudén
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica de La Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Steegmann
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Examine the skin and thoroughly review medical/medication history when considering a diagnosis of drug-induced pigmentation. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-019-00659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Drug-induced pigmentation accounts for up to 20% of all cases of acquired pigmentation. A thorough review of medical history and previous and ongoing medications as well as a complete skin examination can guide diagnosis. Implicated agents include alkylating/cytotoxic agents, analgesics, antiarrhythmics, anticoagulants, antiepileptics, antimalarials, antimicrobials, antiretrovirals, metals, prostaglandin analogs, and psychotropic agents, among others. Confirming true drug associations can be challenging, especially in the setting of delayed onset of pigmentation and coexisting polypharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda F Nahhas
- Department of Dermatology, Beaumont-Farmington Hills, Farmington Hills, MI, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, 3031 W. Grand Blvd., Suite 800, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Taylor L Braunberger
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, 3031 W. Grand Blvd., Suite 800, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Iltefat H Hamzavi
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, 3031 W. Grand Blvd., Suite 800, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Abstract
KIT is a receptor tyrosine kinase that after binding to its ligand stem cell factor activates signaling cascades linked to biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and cell survival. Based on studies performed on SCF and/or KIT mutant animals that presented anemia, sterility, and/or pigmentation disorders, KIT signaling was mainly considered to be involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, gametogenesis, and melanogenesis. More recently, novel animal models and ameliorated cellular and molecular techniques have led to the discovery of a widen repertoire of tissue compartments and functions that are being modulated by KIT. This is the case for the lung, heart, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, kidney, liver, and bone. For this reason, the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that were originally developed for the treatment of hemato-oncological diseases are being currently investigated for the treatment of non-oncological disorders such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and alzheimer's disease, among others. The beneficial effects of some of these tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been proven to depend on KIT inhibition. This review will focus on KIT expression and regulation in healthy and pathologic conditions other than cancer. Moreover, advances in the development of anti-KIT therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and their application will be discussed.
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Steegmann JL, Baccarani M, Breccia M, Casado LF, García-Gutiérrez V, Hochhaus A, Kim DW, Kim TD, Khoury HJ, Le Coutre P, Mayer J, Milojkovic D, Porkka K, Rea D, Rosti G, Saussele S, Hehlmann R, Clark RE. European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management and avoidance of adverse events of treatment in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1648-71. [PMID: 27121688 PMCID: PMC4991363 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most reports on chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) focus on efficacy, particularly on molecular response and outcome. In contrast, adverse events (AEs) are often reported as infrequent, minor, tolerable and manageable, but they are increasingly important as therapy is potentially lifelong and multiple TKIs are available. For this reason, the European LeukemiaNet panel for CML management recommendations presents an exhaustive and critical summary of AEs emerging during CML treatment, to assist their understanding, management and prevention. There are five major conclusions. First, the main purpose of CML treatment is the antileukemic effect. Suboptimal management of AEs must not compromise this first objective. Second, most patients will have AEs, usually early, mostly mild to moderate, and which will resolve spontaneously or are easily controlled by simple means. Third, reduction or interruption of treatment must only be done if optimal management of the AE cannot be accomplished in other ways, and frequent monitoring is needed to detect resolution of the AE as early as possible. Fourth, attention must be given to comorbidities and drug interactions, and to new events unrelated to TKIs that are inevitable during such a prolonged treatment. Fifth, some TKI-related AEs have emerged which were not predicted or detected in earlier studies, maybe because of suboptimal attention to or absence from the preclinical data. Overall, imatinib has demonstrated a good long-term safety profile, though recent findings suggest underestimation of symptom severity by physicians. Second and third generation TKIs have shown higher response rates, but have been associated with unexpected problems, some of which could be irreversible. We hope these recommendations will help to minimise adverse events, and we believe that an optimal management of them will be rewarded by better TKI compliance and thus better CML outcomes, together with better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Steegmann
- Servicio de Hematologia y Grupo 44
IIS-IP, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid,
Spain
| | - M Baccarani
- Department of Hematology and Oncology
‘L. and A. Seràgnoli', St Orsola University Hospital,
Bologna, Italy
| | - M Breccia
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies
and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - L F Casado
- Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen
de la Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | - V García-Gutiérrez
- Servicio Hematología y
Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal,
Madrid, Spain
| | - A Hochhaus
- Hematology/Oncology,
Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - D-W Kim
- Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Leukemia
Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
South Korea
| | - T D Kim
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt
Onkologie und Hämatologie, Campus Charité Mitte,
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin,
Germany
| | - H J Khoury
- Department of Hematology and Medical
Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Le Coutre
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt
Onkologie und Hämatologie, Campus Charité Mitte,
Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin,
Germany
| | - J Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Hematology and Oncology, Masaryk University Hospital Brno,
Brno, Czech Republic
| | - D Milojkovic
- Department of Haematology Imperial
College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Porkka
- Department of Hematology, Helsinki
University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki,
Finland
- Hematology Research Unit, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Rea
- Service d'Hématologie
Adulte, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris,
France
| | - G Rosti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology
‘L. and A. Seràgnoli', St Orsola University Hospital,
Bologna, Italy
| | - S Saussele
- III. Med. Klinik Medizinische
Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - R Hehlmann
- Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der
Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - R E Clark
- Department of Molecular and Clinical
Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool,
UK
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Llamas-Velasco M, Fraga J, Kutzner H, Steegmann JL, García-Diez A, Requena L. Hypopigmented macules secondary to imatinib for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia: a histopathologic and immunohistochemical study. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:417-26. [PMID: 24467724 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A few series addressing the cutaneous side effects related to imatinib in the skin have been published, but only one described scarce histopathologic information in seven patients. OBJECTIVE To characterize these lesions and compare the number of melanocytes between hypopigmented lesions and normal appearing skin. METHODS We retrieved clinical data of the patients and performed 24 skin biopsies (13 from hypopigmented skin and 11 from normal-appearing skin) within a cohort of 41 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib. We classified the biopsies into three patterns. RESULTS About 45% of patients presented with periocular hypopigmentation. Perifollicular fibrosis was observed in hypopigmented skin biopsies (76.9%) and in normal-appearing skin (45.5%). Epidermal melanin, as determined with Masson-Fontana staining, and melanocyte number, as evaluated with MiTF, Melan A and c-kit immunostains, were lower in hypopigmented skin. CONCLUSIONS Histopathologic study of hypopigmented macules demonstrates the presence of melanin with a statistically significant decrease in the number of melanocytes. Therefore, these findings differ from vitiligo, as melanocytes are present. Three histopathological patterns may be found, namely (a) perifollicular fibrosis, (b) lichen planopilaris-like and (c) apparently normal skin. One of the most striking histopathologic finding consisted of the presence of perifollicular fibrosis in both hypopigmented lesions and apparently normal skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Lee SJ, Jung TH, Kim H, Jeong D, Choi G, Park WK, Kong JY, Jin MH, Cho H. Inhibition of c-Kit signaling by diosmetin isolated from Chrysanthemum morifolium. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:175-85. [PMID: 23709168 PMCID: PMC3906526 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of stem cell factor (SCF) with its cognate receptor c-Kit is closely associated with the survival and maturation of melanocytes. To investigate novel depigmentation agents, we screened 2,000 plant extracts for c-Kit inhibitors to identify active small molecules by using time-resolved fluorescence enzyme assays. For the active extracts identified as inhibitors of c-Kit enzyme, we evaluated the effects of the active extracts and isolated flavonoids on c-Kit phosphorylation in MO7e/melanocytes. Anti-melanogenic activity was also examined in melanocytes and melanoderm model. The flavonoids such as diosmetin, apigenin, acacetin and luteolin isolated from Chrysanthemum morifolium were found to be active in inhibiting c-Kit both at enzyme and cellular levels. In addition, these flavonoids attenuated SCF-induced proliferation of human primary melanocytes without toxicity and suppressed ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation-mediated melanin synthesis significantly. Among the active flavonoids, diosmetin was found to inhibit SCF-induced melanogenesis in a human melanoderm model. These results strongly suggest that C. morifolium extract and diosmetin have potential to suppress SCF-/UVB-induced melanogenesis, and could be developed as anti-pigmentation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jin Lee
- Pharmacology Research Group, Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Gajeongno 141, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Korea
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Sibaud V, Robert C. Anomalies pigmentaires induites par les traitements anticancéreux. Deuxième partie : les thérapies ciblées. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2013; 140:266-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2013.01.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
Piebaldism is an uncommon autosomal dominantly inherited pigment anomaly characterized by a congenital white forelock and leukoderma on the frontal scalp, forehead, ventral trunk and extremities. It is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the KIT gene. Genetic analyses reveal a consistent genotype-phenotype relationship in piebaldism. However, recently reported cases of piebaldism that are milder or severer than genetically expected indicate that other factors, such as a modifier gene of MC1R, influence skin and hair color. The KIT ligand/KIT that triggers the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway play essential functions in the migration, proliferation, survival, melanogenesis and melanosome transfer of the melanocytes. We summarize current research progress in piebaldism and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Oiso
- Department of Dermatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan.
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Brazzelli V, Muzio F, Manna G, Moggio E, Vassallo C, Orlandi E, Fiandrino G, Lucioni M, Borroni G. Photoinduced dermatitis and oral lichenoid reaction in a chronic myeloid leukemia patient treated with imatinib mesylate. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2011; 28:2-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2011.00621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Brazzelli
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Francesca Muzio
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Giambattista Manna
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Erica Moggio
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Camilla Vassallo
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Institute of Hematology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Giacomo Fiandrino
- Department of Pathology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Marco Lucioni
- Department of Pathology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
| | - Giovanni Borroni
- Institute of Dermatology; University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo; Pavia; Italy
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Saito H, An R, Hirano H, Ishikawa T. Emerging New Technology: QSAR Analysis and MO Calculation to Characterize Interactions of Protein Kinase Inhibitors with the Human ABC Transporter, ABCG2 (BCRP). Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2010; 25:72-83. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.25.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Aleem A. Hypopigmentation of the skin due to imatinib mesylate in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2009; 2:358-61. [DOI: 10.1016/s1658-3876(09)50026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mateus C, Robert C. [New drugs in oncology and skin toxicity]. Rev Med Interne 2009; 30:401-10. [PMID: 19299041 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The targeted agents have considerably modified the therapeutic approach of cancer over the last few years. The use of these new agents has been associated with the occurrence of new side-effects among which cutaneous side-effects are the most prominent. Although they rarely compromise the vital prognosis, these cutaneous side-effects must be taken into consideration in order to improve treatment compliance and to maintain an acceptable quality of life. Accurate identification of these cutaneous side-effects is therefore critical to improve the management of these patients. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cutaneous signs is also an important issue as it gives us the opportunity to increase our knowledge of the skin pathophysiology. Furthermore, the cutaneous manifestations could sometimes be associated to the antitumor response. The skin is an easily accessible interface, allowing addressing the complexity of the targeted therapies effect on tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mateus
- Service de dermatologie, institut Gustave-Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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Imatinib mesylate–induced repigmentation of vitiligo lesions in a patient with recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 59:S80-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cellular phototoxicity evoked through the inhibition of human ABC transporter ABCG2 by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in vitro. Pharm Res 2008; 26:449-58. [PMID: 18841444 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The physiological importance of the human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 has been recognized with regard to porphyrin-mediated photosensitivity. Functional impairment owing to inhibition of ABCG2 by drugs or its genetic polymorphisms may lead to the disruption of porphyrin homeostasis, which in turn causes cellular toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the impact on photosensitivity of the inhibition by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors of ABCG2 function. For this purpose, we established new methods for photosensitivity assays by using Flp-In-293 cells and plasma membrane vesicles prepared from Sf9 insect cells. With the new methods, we subsequently tested CDK inhibitors, i.e., purvalanol A, WHI-P180, bohemine, roscovitine, and olomoucine. RESULTS Among CDK inhibitors tested, purvalanol A was found to be the most potent inhibitor (IC50=3.5 microM) for ABCG2-mediated hematoporphyrin transport. At a concentration of 2.5 microM, it evoked the photosensitivity of ABCG2-expressing Flp-In-293 cells treated with pheophorbide a. WHI-P180 moderately inhibited ABCG2 function, exhibiting weak phototoxicity. In contrast, the phototoxicity of bohemine, roscovitine, and olomoucine were minimal in our assay system. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that the planar structure is an important factor for interactions with the active site of ABCG2. The present study provides a new approach to studying drug-induced phototoxicity in vitro.
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Tamura A, An R, Hagiya Y, Hoshijima K, Yoshida T, Mikuriya K, Ishikawa T. Drug-induced phototoxicity evoked by inhibition of human ABC transporter ABCG2: development ofin vitrohigh-speed screening systems. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4:255-72. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.4.3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Dermatological reactions to the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib. Support Care Cancer 2008; 16:557-66. [PMID: 18274784 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-008-0409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multikinase inhibitor sunitinib has enhanced the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor through an improved clinical response with decreased systemic toxicities. However, sunitinib is frequently associated with dermatological adverse reactions. The physical and psychosocial impact of frequent dermatological toxicities can affect consistent antineoplastic therapy and quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS Dermatological adverse reaction information was compiled from Pfizer Medical Information and from abstracts from the 2007 American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, Prostate Cancer Symposium, and Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. Published clinical trials of sunitinib in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and EMBASE Drugs and Pharmacology databases were also included. Information was accessed on or before June 30, 2007. RESULTS In the pooled analysis, all-grade hand-foot skin reaction occurred in 19% of patients (5% grades 3-4), skin discoloration in 28% (0% grades 3-4), dry skin in 16% (1% grades 3-4), skin rash in 13% (1% grades 3-4), dermatitis in 8% (2% grades 3-4), hair color changes in 10% (0% grades 3-4), alopecia in 6% (0% grades 3-4), and phototoxicity in <0.1%. CONCLUSIONS Dermatological reactions associated with sunitinib occur frequently. Evidence-based treatment recommendations are needed in order to maximize quality of life and optimize clinical outcome.
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Current awareness: Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Tamura A, Onishi Y, An R, Koshiba S, Wakabayashi K, Hoshijima K, Priebe W, Yoshida T, Kometani S, Matsubara T, Mikuriya K, Ishikawa T. In Vitro Evaluation of Photosensitivity Risk Related to Genetic Polymorphisms of Human ABC Transporter ABCG2 and Inhibition by Drugs. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2007; 22:428-40. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.22.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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