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Tyczyńska K, Krajewski PK, Nowicka-Suszko D, Janczak D, Augustyniak-Bartosik H, Krajewska M, Szepietowski JC. Neurotrophin-4 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Serum Levels in Renal Transplant Recipients with Chronic Pruritus. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:2785-2796. [PMID: 37779167 PMCID: PMC10613176 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-01029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic pruritus (CP) is a common symptom defined as a sensation that provokes the desire to scratch and which lasts for at least 6 weeks. CP remains a problem for up to 21.3% of renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Our research aimed to establish the possible association between serum levels of neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the presence and intensity of CP in RTR. METHODS The study was performed on a group of 129 RTRs, who were divided according to the presence or absence of pruritus in the previous 3 days. The assessment of pruritus was performed with the use of a numeric rating scale (NRS), 4-Item Itch Questionnaire (4IIQ), and Itchy Quality of Life (Itchy QoL). A total of 129 blood samples with a volume of 9 ml were drawn from RTRs during the monthly routine control. Serum levels (pg/mL) of NT-4 and BDNF were measured by the ELISA. RESULTS Pruritic RTRs have statistically significantly higher serum concentrations of NT-4 serum level compared to non-pruritic RTRs (229.17 ± 143.86 pg/mL and 153.08 ± 78.19 pg/mL [p = 0.024], respectively). Moreover, a statistically significant difference between pruritic and non-pruritic RTRs with healthy controls was shown (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Although there was a numerically higher serum concentration of BDNF in pruritic RTRs (32.18 ± 7.31 pg/mL vs. 31.58 ± 10.84 pg/mL), the difference did not reach statistical significance. No statistically significant difference was also seen in BDNF serum levels between RTRs and healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant, positive correlation between serum concentration of NT-4 and NRS score (p = 0.008, r = 0.357). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate higher NT-4 serum concentration in RTRs with pruritus compared to RTRs without pruritus. Furthermore, the study revealed a statistically significant, positive correlation between the serum concentration of NT-4 and NRS score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Tyczyńska
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr K Krajewski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 1, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Nowicka-Suszko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 1, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Janczak
- Department of Vascular, General and Transplantation Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-566, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Augustyniak-Bartosik
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 1, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wala-Zielińska K, Świerczyńska-Mróz K, Krajewski PK, Nowicka-Suszko D, Krajewska M, Szepietowski JC. Elevated Level of Serum Neurotrophin-4, but Not of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6292. [PMID: 36362520 PMCID: PMC9653946 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a bothersome condition that occurs in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and severely reduces their quality of life. Recently, much research has focused on the search for markers that are involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-aP and may become a therapeutic target. One of the suggested hypotheses is the increased activation of sensory neurons by molecules such as neurotrophins (NTs). An increased serum concentration of NTs has been demonstrated in pruritic patients, which may suggest their involvement in the pathogenesis of itch. The purpose of this study is to assess the serum concentration of neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hemodialysis patients. The study enrolled 126 patients undergoing dialysis. Participants were divided into 2 groups: with and without CKD-aP. NRS scale was used to evaluate itch severity. Serum levels of NT-4 and BDNF have been assessed using ELISA. The results showed a significantly higher level of NT-4 in the group with pruritus. No significant difference was reported in the serum level of BDNF between the two groups of patients. There was also no correlation between serum NT-4 nor BDNF levels and the severity of pruritus. In summary, NT-4 may play an important role in the pathophysiology of pruritus in dialysis patients. More research is needed to understand the exact mechanism by which NTs influence the pathogenesis of CKD-aP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Wala-Zielińska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Świerczyńska-Mróz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr K. Krajewski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Nowicka-Suszko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek C. Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Yin SJ, Lee JR, Kwak H, Lee BN, Han JW, Hahn MJ, Park YD, Yang JM. Functional study of 14-3-3 protein epsilon (YWHAE) in keratinocytes: microarray integrating bioinformatics approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:2633-2649. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1637282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jae-Rin Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyunchang Kwak
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bit-Na Lee
- Genomic Research Center, EBIOGEN Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Han
- Genomic Research Center, EBIOGEN Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myong-Joon Hahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Skin Diseases Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Mo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kaufman BP, Guttman-Yassky E, Alexis AF. Atopic dermatitis in diverse racial and ethnic groups-Variations in epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation and treatment. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:340-357. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget P. Kaufman
- Department of Dermatology; Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West; New York NY USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York NY USA
| | - Andrew F. Alexis
- Department of Dermatology; Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West; New York NY USA
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Vinnik T, Kirby M, Bairachnaya M, Koman I, Tarkina T, Sadykova G, Abildinova G, Batpenova G, Pinhasov A. Seasonality and BDNF polymorphism influences depression outcome in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:604-614. [PMID: 27409526 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1212171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of seasonality and rs6265 genotype on depression outcome and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level with dermatitis patients from onset through remission. METHODS Atopic dermatitis (AD, 56) and psoriasis (PS, 33) patients and healthy controls (HC, 49) were recruited over the 2014 calendar year. Patients were subdivided by immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitivity (AD only), season and rs6265 genotype. Assessments were performed at onset and week 10 (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D], SCORAD/PASI, IgE, BDNF). Patients received standard corticosteroid and antihistamine interventions. RESULTS All patients responded to corticosteroid treatment. Seasonally differential outcomes were observed in all groups. HAM-D was elevated at onset and improved over 10 weeks: AD cohort 1 (autumn/winter, AD-1) patients improved and AD cohort 2 (spring/summer, AD-2) patients remained elevated. BDNF levels were elevated in AD and seasonal differential: AD-2 declined at 10 weeks, whereas AD-1 remained high (intrinsic AD) or elevated further (extrinsic AD). PS cohort 2 declined to below control at 10 weeks. AD Val/Val had persistently elevated HAM-D and AD Val/Met were either normal (AD-1) or persistently elevated (AD-2). CONCLUSIONS Findings presented here suggest a strong influence of seasonality on depression outcome and BDNF expression in AD and PS and likely reflect separate patient populations which differentially respond to environment-based stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Vinnik
- a Department of Dermatovenereology , Astana Medical University , Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Michael Kirby
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Ariel University , Ariel , Israel
| | | | - Igor Koman
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Ariel University , Ariel , Israel
| | - Tatyana Tarkina
- a Department of Dermatovenereology , Astana Medical University , Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnaz Sadykova
- a Department of Dermatovenereology , Astana Medical University , Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Gulshara Abildinova
- c National Research Centre of Maternal and Child Health , Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnara Batpenova
- a Department of Dermatovenereology , Astana Medical University , Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Ariel University , Ariel , Israel
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Meta-analysis of the association between five single nucleotide polymorphisms in the BDNF gene and allergic inflammation susceptibility. Genes Genomics 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Knipping K, Knippels LMJ, Dupont C, Garssen J. Serum biomarkers for allergy in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017; 28:114-123. [PMID: 27590735 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies investigating various biomarkers for allergy have been published over the past decades. The aim of this review was to evaluate these biomarkers on their diagnostic and/or predictive value. To this date, no single or specific biomarker for allergy has been identified. As allergy is not one disease, but a collection of a number of allergic conditions, it is more plausible a combination of clinical history, clinical readouts, and diagnostic markers will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Knipping
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Léon M J Knippels
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Garssen
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Molecular Mechanisms of Cutaneous Inflammatory Disorder: Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081234. [PMID: 27483258 PMCID: PMC5000632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease resulting from interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of AD is poorly understood, and the treatment of recalcitrant AD is still challenging. There is accumulating evidence for new gene polymorphisms related to the epidermal barrier function and innate and adaptive immunity in patients with AD. Newly-found T cells and dendritic cell subsets, cytokines, chemokines and signaling pathways have extended our understanding of the molecular pathomechanism underlying AD. Genetic changes caused by environmental factors have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. We herein present a review of the genetics, epigenetics, barrier dysfunction and immunological abnormalities in AD with a focus on updated molecular biology.
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Saghazadeh A, Esfahani SA, Rezaei N. Genetic polymorphisms and the adequacy of brain stimulation: state of the art. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 16:1043-54. [PMID: 27228124 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1194202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heterogeneity of therapeutic response to brain stimulation techniques has inspired scientists to uncover the secrets to success or failure of these projects. Genetic polymorphisms are one of the major causes of this heterogeneity. AREAS COVERED More than twenty genetic variants within more than ten genes (e.g. BDNF, COMT, DRD2, TRPV1, 5-HT1A, 5-HHT, P2RX7, VEGF, TPH1, TPH2, ACE, APOE, GNB3, NET, NMDA receptors, and RGS4) have been investigated, among which the BDNF gene and its polymorphism, Val66Met, is the best documented variant. We review the genotypic combinations, which are reported to interact with the work of brain stimulation, of which the DRD2 C957T polymorphism is the most prominent type. Finally, implications of transcranial magnetic stimulation in deciphering the interaction between genetic background (e.g. SCN1A and 5-HTT) and drugs (e.g. carbamazepine and citalopram) at the cortical excitability level is explained. Expert commentary: Studies are ongoing to find missing factors responsible for heterogeneity of response to brain stimulation techniques. Further knowledge about genetic factors affecting the therapeutic response to brain stimulation techniques might provide helpful guidelines for choosing ideal candidates for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amene Saghazadeh
- a Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b NeuroImmunology Research Association (NIRA) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran
| | - Shadi A Esfahani
- c Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,d Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- a Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,e Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,f Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran
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Jesenak M, Babusikova E, Evinova A, Banovcin P, Dobrota D. Val66Met polymorphism in the BDNF gene in children with bronchial asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol 2015; 50:631-7. [PMID: 24863266 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation. There is increasing evidence that neurotrophins play an important role in the development and maintenance of neurogenic airway inflammation in chronic allergic diseases. WORKING HYPOTHESIS Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family and has several important functions in the airways. There are only a few reports on the association between genetic variations in the BDNF gene and various allergic diseases, and the results are generally conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to study the functional polymorphism Val66Met (also called rs6265 or G196A) in the BDNF gene in a group of asthmatic children and healthy controls. STUDY DESIGN, PATIENT-SELECTION, AND METHODOLOGY We studied 248 asthmatic patients (aged 12.28 ± 0.24 years) and 249 healthy children (aged 13.14 ± 0.48 years). Analysis of the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR products were digested by PmlI. RESULTS The prevalence of the Val66Met polymorphisms (Val/Val, Val/Met, and Met/Met) was 61.7%, 33.5%, and 4.8% in asthmatics, respectively, and 47.0%, 51.8%, and 1.2% in healthy subjects, respectively. We observed a significant association of the Met/Met variant genotype with asthmatics (OR = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.16-14.96, P = 0.018). The Val/Met genotype was protective against bronchial asthma (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.48-0.99, P = 0.045), especially in girls (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.20-0.59, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Specific BDNF gene polymorphism may contribute to bronchial asthma susceptibility. Our study suggested the positive association between selected functional BDNF polymorphism (rs6265) and asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Jesenak
- Department of Paediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Babusikova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Evinova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Banovcin
- Department of Paediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dusan Dobrota
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Ma L, Xue HB, Guan XH, Shu CM, Zhang JH, Yu J. Possible pathogenic role of T helper type 9 cells and interleukin (IL)-9 in atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 175:25-31. [PMID: 24032555 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper type 9 (Th9) cells are a novel identified subset of CD4(+) T helper cells, which could partly contribute to allergic inflammation, while the precise contribution of Th9 cells in atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unknown. We aimed to explore the possible role of Th9 cells in AD pathogenesis. The Th9 cell percentage, transcription factor PU.1 and cytokine interleukin (IL)-9 mRNA levels, as well as IL-9 serum concentration in peripheral circulation, were measured in AD patients, psoriasis patients and healthy controls. The Th9 cell percentage, PU.1 and IL-9 expression levels of AD patients were all increased significantly compared with the other two control groups (P < 0·01), and correlated positively with SCORing Atopic Dermatitis index, serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E and thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) levels (P < 0·05). In simple AD patients and AD patients complicated by allergic rhinitis or asthma, there were no significant differences in the Th9 cell percentage, PU.1 and IL-9 expression levels between them. At the same time, IL-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels were detected in AD lesions and normal skin samples, which were both distinctly elevated in AD lesions, and there was a positive association between them (P < 0·01). Keratinocytes were cultured with IL-9 stimulation and the secretion of VEGF was detected. IL-9 can promote the secretion of VEGF by keratinocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the expansion of the Th9 cell subset, up-regulation of the PU.1 transcription factor and increased secretion of the IL-9 cytokine may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, which may be supported by the increased release of VEGF by keratinocyes after IL-9 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Yanik ME, Erfan G, Albayrak Y, Aydin M, Kulac M, Kuloglu M. Reduced serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with first onset vitiligo. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014; 10:2361-7. [PMID: 25540586 PMCID: PMC4270357 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s74826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary skin disease that can cause serious cosmetic problems. There have been numerous and well established studies that have demonstrated the comorbidity of various psychiatric disorders in patients with vitiligo. However, to our knowledge, there have been no studies investigating whether a psychiatric biomarker, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is associated with vitiligo. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted in Namık Kemal University Medical Faculty, Departments of Dermatology and Psychiatry between January 2013 and September 2014. After meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, serum BDNF levels were assayed in 57 patients with first onset vitiligo and no known current or past psychiatric disorder and compared with BDNF levels in 58 age and sex matched healthy subjects. RESULTS The age and female/male ratios were similar between groups. The mean values of serum BDNF were 1.57±0.97 ng/dL and 2.37±1.73 ng/dL in the vitiligo group and in the healthy control group, respectively. The mean BDNF level was significantly higher in the healthy control group compared with the vitiligo group (t=2.76, P=0.007). CONCLUSION This is the first study to compare serum BDNF levels between patients with vitiligo and healthy subjects. The reduced level of serum BDNF in patients with vitiligo may be directly related to the etiology of vitiligo or associated with the high percentage of psychiatric disorders in that patient population. Further studies are needed to support our preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emin Yanik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Gamze Erfan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Yakup Albayrak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Murat Aydin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kulac
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Murat Kuloglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Ma L, Xue HB, Guan XH, Shu CM, Wang F, Zhang JH, An RZ. The Imbalance of Th17 cells and CD4(+) CD25(high) Foxp3(+) Treg cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:1079-86. [PMID: 24304358 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th17/Treg imbalance is involved in several autoimmune, inflammatory and allergic reactions. Nevertheless, the possible contribution of Th17/Treg imbalance in atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To explore the possible role of Th17/Treg imbalance in AD. METHODS Th17 and Treg cells percentage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and skin specimens, specific transcription factor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt and Foxp3 mRNA levels in PBMCs, as well as Th17- and Treg-related cytokines mRNA levels in PBMCs, serum concentrations, and expression levels in PBMCs culture supernatant after recombinant Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen stimulation were detected in AD patients. Controls included patients with psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and healthy donors. RESULTS Th17 cells percentage, RORγt, IL-17 and IL-23 levels in peripheral circulation of AD patients were significantly higher than those in ACD patients and healthy controls, but lower than those of psoriasis patients. Treg cells percentage, Foxp3 and TGF-β mRNA levels were reduced in AD patients compared with healthy controls, while there were no significant differences among AD, ACD and psoriasis patients. Th17 cells percentage, IL-17 and IL-23 levels were increased, while Treg cells percentage and TGF-β level were decreased in AD lesion and PBMCs culture supernatant respectively. There was a negative association between Th17 and Treg cells percentage in AD patients. AD severity score positively correlated with Th17 cells percentage and Th17/Treg ratio, while negatively correlated with Treg cells percentage. Serum IgE levels positively correlated with Th17/Treg ratio. CONCLUSION In AD, there exists an immune imbalance in Th17 and Treg cells, which may contribute to its pathogenesis and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Barnes KC. An update on the genetics of atopic dermatitis: scratching the surface in 2009. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125:16-29.e1-11; quiz 30-1. [PMID: 20109730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A genetic basis for atopic dermatitis (AD) has long been recognized. Historic documents allude to family history of disease as a risk factor. Before characterization of the human genome, heritability studies combined with family-based linkage studies supported the definition of AD as a complex trait in that interactions between genes and environmental factors and the interplay between multiple genes contribute to disease manifestation. A summary of more than 100 published reports on genetic association studies through mid-2009 implicates 81 genes, in 46 of which at least 1 positive association with AD has been demonstrated. Of these, the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) has been most consistently replicated. Most candidate gene studies to date have focused on adaptive and innate immune response genes, but there is increasing interest in skin barrier dysfunction genes. This review examines the methods that have been used to identify susceptibility genes for AD and how the underlying pathology of this disease has been used to select candidate genes. Current challenges and the potential effect of new technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Barnes
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 3A.62, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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