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Li D, Wang R, You M, Chen N, Sun L, Chen N. The antimicrobial effect and mechanism of the Artemisia argyi essential oil against bacteria and fungus. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:727-735. [PMID: 37957442 PMCID: PMC10920523 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia argyi is a traditional Chinese herb with antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities. The essential oil of Artemisia argyi was extracted using the steam distillation method in this study. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Agar disc diffusion and double-broth dilution assays were used to detect the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil. Subsequently, the antimicrobial mechanisms were explored through cytomembrane permeability assay and electron microscopy. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, 25 compounds were detected, including 13.76% cineole, 6.77% terpinen-4-ol, 6.68% 3-dione, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, 4.07% 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-acetate, 3.58% 1-isopropyl-2-methylbenzene, and 1.58% g-terpinene. The essential oil was tested for antimicrobial activity, and the IC50 values for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Candida albicans were determined to be 25.51 ± 2.29, 49.53 ± 0.86, 52.40 ± 1.49, 52.76 ± 1.60, 73.99 ± 1.38, 65.52 ± 0.95, and 214.98 ± 3.27 μg mL-1, respectively. For essential oil interaction with cytoderm, the microorganisms treated by 1 × IC50 and 2 × IC50 concentration of essential oil both represented positive test results. Additionally, the alkaline phosphatase levels showed a direct correlation with concentration and treatment duration (range from 0 to 8 h). The interaction between essential oils and the cytomembrane was investigated by examining samples containing one of three test strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans), essential oil, and voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye disc35. The results demonstrated a significant increase in fluorescence levels within the solution upon introduction of the essential oil-treated strains. The findings of our research suggest that the essential oil disrupts the cytoderm and cytomembrane, thereby exhibiting antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyuan Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of TCM, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Lu'an City Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
| | - Run Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Meng You
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Naidong Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of TCM, Lu'an City, 237012, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China.
- Lu'an City Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Li Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Lu'an City Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
| | - Naifu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of TCM, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
- Lu'an City Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an City, 237012, China
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Guo Y, Wei C, Liu C, Li D, Sun J, Huang H, Zhou H. Inhibitory effects of oral Actinomyces on the proliferation, virulence and biofilm formation of Candida albicans. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1368-74. [PMID: 26143096 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of Candida-associated stomatitis involves the dysfunction of flora antagonistic to Candida. Oral Actinomyces species play an important role in regulating the oral microecological balance. The objective of this study was to investigate the antagonism of three oral Actinomyces against Candida albicans. DESIGN Suspensions, culture supernatants and bacterial lysates of Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces odontolyticus were investigated for their actions upon C. albicans. In addition to a commercial strain, six clinical strains of C. albicans were also tested. The proliferation of C. albicans was assessed using a liquid co-cultivation assay. The adhesion, acid protease and extracellular phospholipase activity, hyphae growth, and biofilm formation of C. albicans were measured. RESULTS The results showed that the suspensions, culture supernatants and cell lysates of 10(8) colony forming units/ml oral Actinomyces significantly inhibited the proliferation of C. albicans (all P<0.001). The culture supernatants exhibited significant antagonistic interactions in terms of adhesion (A. viscosus P<0.001, A. naeslundii P=0.016 and A. odontolyticus P=0.009), acid protease (A. viscosus P=0.035, A. naeslundii P=0.022, A. odontolyticus P<0.001) and phospholipase activities (A. viscosus P=0.011, A. naeslundii P=0.042, A. odontolyticus P=0.021) of Candida, as well as its hyphae growth (A. viscosus P=0.002, A. naeslundii P=0.008, A. odontolyticus P=0.006). Inhibition of C. albicans biofilm formation was also observed. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary evidence that oral Actinomyces have inhibitory effects on the proliferation, adhesion, metabolic enzyme activity, hyphae formation and biofilm development of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Changlei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chuanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Duo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haiyun Huang
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Gopinathan S, Janagond AB, Agatha D, P.R. T. Detection of FUR1 Gene in 5-Flucytosine Resistant Candida Isolates in Vaginal Candidiasis Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:2452-5. [PMID: 24392370 PMCID: PMC3879835 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/6160.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study was done to detect the prevalence, risk factors for vaginal candidiasis in Chennai and to evaluate different methods for speciation of Candida isolates from vaginal candidiasis patients. This study was also aimed at detecting resistance patterns of Candida spp to common antifungals and at detecting mutant FUR1 genes in 5-Flucytosine (5 FC) resistant isolates. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two hundred clinically suspected vaginal candidiasis patients were screened for candidiasis and isolated Candida were speciated by standard morphological and biochemical tests (sugar fermentation and assimilation) and by using CHROM agar-Candida medium. Antifungal susceptibility was performed by disk diffusion method (CLSI M44-A) using fluconazole, itraconazole and 5FC disks. Five FC resistant isolates were subjected to PCR for detection of mutant FUR1 genes. RESULTS A total of 72 (36%) Candida spp. were obtained. Vaginal candidiasis was more prevalent in 31-40 years age group and among those with poor genital hygiene and who wore tight fitting synthetic/nylon underclothes . C.albicans (35), C.tropicalis (8), C.glabrata (21), C.krusei (4) were identified by both carbohydrate assimilation test and by using CHROM agar-Candida medium. C.kefyr (2) and C.parapsilosis (2) could not be identified using CHROM agar-Candida. Resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole and 5-flucytosine was seen in 19.44%, 23.61% and 41.66% of the isolates respectively. Mutant FUR1 gene was detected in all the Candida spp that were resistant to 5FC. CONCLUSION C.albicans was the commonest species which caused vaginal candidiasis in Chennai. Though CHROM agar-candida medium is a useful differential isolation medium capable of early presumptive identification of Candida species, it could not identify C.kefyr and C.parapsilosis. Azole resistance was low in C. albicans but it was high in non-albicans Candida spp. Prevalence of primary resistance to 5-flucytosine was high in the strains studied and in all of them, it was mediated by mutant FUR1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikala Gopinathan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College, Seeragapadi, Salem- 636308, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Anand B. Janagond
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - David Agatha
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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Li D, Li Q, Liu C, Lin M, Li X, Xiao X, Zhu Z, Gong Q, Zhou H. Efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment ofCandida-associated stomatitis. Mycoses 2013; 57:141-6. [PMID: 23952962 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Qingfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Chuanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Xiaoying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Qimei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
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Neppelenbroek KH, Seó RS, Urban VM, Silva S, Dovigo LN, Jorge JH, Campanha NH. Identification of
Candida
species in the clinical laboratory: a review of conventional, commercial, and molecular techniques. Oral Dis 2013; 20:329-44. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- KH Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics Bauru Dental School University of São Paulo‐USP Bauru São PauloBrazil
| | - RS Seó
- Department of Prosthodontics Varzea Grande School of Dentistry Varzea Grande Mato GrossoBrazil
| | - VM Urban
- Department of Dentistry Ponta Grossa State University‐UEPG Ponta Grossa Paraná Brazil
| | - S Silva
- Department of Biological Engineering Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering University of Minho Braga Portugal
| | - LN Dovigo
- Department of Social Dentistry Araraquara Dental School UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista Araraquara São PauloBrazil
| | - JH Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Araraquara Dental School UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - NH Campanha
- Department of Dentistry Ponta Grossa State University‐UEPG Ponta Grossa Paraná Brazil
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Abstract
Candida tropicalis is one of the more common Candida causing human disease in tropical countries; the frequency of invasive disease varies by geography causing 3--66% of candidaemia. C. tropicalis is taxonomically close to C. albicans and shares many pathogenic traits. C. tropicalis is particularly virulent in neutropenic hosts commonly with hematogenous seeding to peripheral organs. For candidaemia and invasive candidiasis amphotericin B or an echinocandin are recommended as first-line treatment, with extended-spectrum triazoles acceptable alternatives. Primary fluconazole resistance is uncommon but may be induced on exposure. Physicians in regions where C. tropicalis is common need to be mindful of this lesser-described pathogen.
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Menan H, Ekaza E, Messou E, Adoubryn K, Yavo W, Kiki-Barro P, Vanga H, Djohan V, Kassi Kondo F, Miano M, Kouassi B, Valentin A, Kone M. Recherche de Candida dubliniensis chez des patients VIH+ à Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). J Mycol Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ilkit M, Hilmioglu S, Tasbakan M, Aydemir S. Evaluation of Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar for the isolation and direct identification of vaginal yeast isolates. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56:762-765. [PMID: 17510260 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 250 vaginal samples from patients with vulvovaginal candidosis were inoculated onto two chromogenic media, Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar, as well as onto Sabouraud chloramphenicol agar, yielding a total of 63 yeast (25.2 %) on all three media. These strains were identified as Candida glabrata in 20 (31.8 %) samples, Candida albicans in 15 samples (23.8 %), Candida tropicalis in 10 samples (15.9 %), Candida krusei in five samples (7.9 %), Candida kefyr in five samples (7.9 %), Candida dubliniensis in four samples (6.3 %), Candida parapsilosis in two samples (3.2 %) and Candida guilliermondii in two samples (3.2 %). Mixed fungal cultures and bacterial growth or filamentous fungi were not detected on any of the selected media. The sensitivity and specificity of the Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar with regard to the identification of C. albicans were 80.0 and 64.6 %, and 86.7 and 56.3 %, respectively. This study showed these two chromogenic media to be as effective as Sabouraud chloramphenicol agar with respect to fungal detection. However, neither Albicans ID2 nor Biggy agar was sufficient for reliable differentiation of yeasts to the species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macit Ilkit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Suleyha Hilmioglu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Tasbakan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sohret Aydemir
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
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Yucesoy M, Özbek O, Marol S. Comparison of three differential media for the presumptive identification of yeasts. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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