1
|
Baniel A, Petrullo L, Mercer A, Reitsema L, Sams S, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ, Snyder-Mackler N, Lu A. Maternal effects on early-life gut microbiota maturation in a wild nonhuman primate. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4508-4520.e6. [PMID: 36099914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Early-life microbial colonization is an important process shaping host physiology,1-3 immunity,4-6 and long-term health outcomes7-10 in humans. However, our understanding of this dynamic process remains poorly investigated in wild animals,11-13 where developmental mechanisms can be better understood within ecological and evolutionarily relevant contexts.11,12 Using one of the largest developmental datasets on a wild primate-the gelada (Theropithecus gelada)-we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize gut microbiota maturation during the first 3 years of life and assessed the role of maternal effects in shaping offspring microbiota assembly. In contrast to recent data on chimpanzees, postnatal microbial colonization in geladas was highly similar to humans:14 microbial alpha diversity increased rapidly following birth, followed by gradual changes in composition until weaning. Dietary changes associated with weaning (from milk- to plant-based diet) were the main drivers of shifts in taxonomic composition and microbial predicted functional pathways. Maternal effects were also an important factor influencing the offspring gut microbiota. During nursing (<12 months), offspring of experienced (multi-time) mothers exhibited faster functional microbial maturation, likely reflecting the general faster developmental pace of infants born to these mothers. Following weaning (>18 months), the composition of the juvenile microbiota tended to be more similar to the maternal microbiota than to the microbiota of other adult females, highlighting that maternal effects may persist even after nursing cessation.15,16 Together, our findings highlight the dynamic nature of early-life gut colonization and the role of maternal effects in shaping this trajectory in a wild primate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Baniel
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Lauren Petrullo
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Arianne Mercer
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Okanogan Ln., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Laurie Reitsema
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Jackson St., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sierra Sams
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Okanogan Ln., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jacinta C Beehner
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, S University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thore J Bergman
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, N University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Okanogan Ln., Seattle, WA 98195, USA; School for Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Amy Lu
- Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Circle Rd., Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Petrullo L, Baniel A, Jorgensen MJ, Sams S, Snyder-Mackler N, Lu A. The early life microbiota mediates maternal effects on offspring growth in a nonhuman primate. iScience 2022; 25:103948. [PMID: 35265817 PMCID: PMC8898918 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal parity can impact offspring growth, but the mechanisms driving this effect are unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that vertically transmitted microbiota may be one potential mechanism. We analyzed 118 fecal and milk samples from mother-offspring vervet monkey dyads across the first 6 months of life. Despite poorer milk production, offspring born to low parity females grew larger than their counterparts. These offspring exhibited reduced alpha diversity in the first days of life, stronger seeding of maternal milk microbiota, Bacteroides fragilis dominance, and a greater abundance of glycan utilization pathways. Moreover, the attainment of greater body mass by 6 months of age was mediated by reduced early life alpha diversity and B. fragilis dominance. This work demonstrates that the establishment of a specialized, milk-oriented gut microbiota promotes infant growth and suggests an evolutionarily conserved developmental role of B. fragilis in primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Petrullo
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alice Baniel
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Matthew J. Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Sierra Sams
- Paragon Genomics, Hayward, CA 94545, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Amy Lu
- Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alvarez‐Estape M, Fontsere C, Serres‐Armero A, Kuderna LFK, Dobrynin P, Guidara H, Pukazhenthi BS, Koepfli K, Marques‐Bonet T, Moreno E, Lizano E. Insights from the rescue and breeding management of Cuvier's gazelle ( Gazella cuvieri) through whole-genome sequencing. Evol Appl 2022; 15:351-364. [PMID: 35386395 PMCID: PMC8965372 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Captive breeding programmes represent the most intensive type of ex situ population management for threatened species. One example is the Cuvier's gazelle programme that started in 1975 with only four founding individuals, and after more than four decades of management in captivity, a reintroduction effort was undertaken in Tunisia in 2016, to establish a population in an area historically included within its range. Here, we aim to determine the genetic consequences of this reintroduction event by assessing the genetic diversity of the founder stock as well as of their descendants. We present the first whole-genome sequencing dataset of 30 Cuvier's gazelles including captive-bred animals, animals born in Tunisia after a reintroduction and individuals from a genetically unrelated Moroccan population. Our analyses revealed no difference between the founder and the offspring cohorts in genome-wide heterozygosity and inbreeding levels, and in the amount and length of runs of homozygosity. The captive but unmanaged Moroccan gazelles have the lowest genetic diversity of all genomes analysed. Our findings demonstrate that the Cuvier's gazelle captive breeding programme can serve as source populations for future reintroductions of this species. We believe that this study can serve as a starting point for global applications of genomics to the conservation plan of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pavel Dobrynin
- Computer Technologies LaboratoryITMO UniversitySt. PetersburgRussian Federation
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | | | - Budhan S. Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Klaus‐Peter Koepfli
- Computer Technologies LaboratoryITMO UniversitySt. PetersburgRussian Federation
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
- Center for Species SurvivalNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
- Smithsonian‐Mason School of ConservationFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
| | - Tomas Marques‐Bonet
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, (UPF‐CSIC)PRBBBarcelonaSpain
- CNAG‐CRGCentre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Edifici ICTA‐ICPInstitut Català de Paleontologia Miquel CrusafontBarcelonaSpain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Eulalia Moreno
- Dept. Ecología Funcional y EvolutivaEstación Experimental de Zonas Áridas‐CSICAlmeríaSpain
| | - Esther Lizano
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, (UPF‐CSIC)PRBBBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Edifici ICTA‐ICPInstitut Català de Paleontologia Miquel CrusafontBarcelonaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pluháček J, Blahutová B, Bartoš L. A case of male infanticide in captive sika deer (Cervus nippon). BEHAVIOUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Male infanticide has been reported in wide range of mammalian taxa however it remains very rare in even-toed ungulates where it was documented in two species only. Among six hypotheses explaining this phenomenon, the sexual selection hypothesis is supported by the largest evidence in mammals. Here, we report the first case of male infanticide in sika deer (Cervus nippon) which occurred at Ostrava Zoo. At the end of rutting season, new male had been joined with two pregnant females that successfully gave birth and reared offspring in his presence then. However, in the next season, the same male attacked and killed his own newborn female offspring. Since this male was separated from the herd for most of the time in the rut, we argue that he could be confused about paternity. Therefore, this case of infanticide might be driven by the same mechanism as that which is in line with the sexual selection hypothesis. In addition, based on our evidence we cannot reject the social pathology hypothesis as an alternative explanation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pluháček
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha — Uhříněves, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Ostrava Zoo, Michálkovická 2081/197, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Blahutová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Ostrava Zoo, Michálkovická 2081/197, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bartoš
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha — Uhříněves, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moreno E, Jebali A, Espeso G, Benzal J. Reintroducing Cuvier’s gazelle. Better than expected from captive-bred founders. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
6
|
Pluháček J, Steck BL, Sinha SP, von Houwald F. Interbirth intervals are associated with age of the mother, but not with infant mortality in Indian rhinoceroses. Curr Zool 2017; 63:229-235. [PMID: 29491981 PMCID: PMC5804171 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinoceroses are among the most endangered mammals in the world. Despite a recent increase in numbers in most wild populations, poaching or political instability may exterminate large populations very quickly. Therefore, captive or ex situ rhinoceros populations can play an important role in their conservation. Previous studies identified infant mortality and interbirth intervals among the main parameters affecting the viability and survival of rhinoceros populations. In our study, we tested the recently suggested prediction that in captive Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis, longer interbirth intervals may result in higher infant mortality. We also examined the factors that are the main predictors of infant mortality and interbith intervals using the studbook data on Indian rhinoceros born in zoos worldwide as well as data from Dudhwa National Park, India, where rhinoceroses were successfully reintroduced. We found no association between interbirth intervals and infant mortality. In both populations, the main predictor of infant mortality was mother's parity, with higher mortality in calves born to primiparous mothers. In addition, we found that the interbirth intervals were shorter in zoos than in Dudhwa and that they increased with increase in age of the mother, which was the only factor affecting interbirth interval in both populations. Our results show that the same factors affect both parameters in both populations and thus illustrate that the reproduction and infant survival of Indian rhinoceros in zoos reflect the natural pattern. Furthermore, we suggest that in captivity, the interbirth intervals could be slightly prolonged to approach the situation in the wild.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pluháček
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha - Uhříněves, Czech Republic
- Ostrava Zoo, Michálkovická 197, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Beatrice L. Steck
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha - Uhříněves, Czech Republic
| | - Satya P. Sinha
- Wildlife Institute of India, H.No.IV. Chandrabani, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moreno E, Pérez-González J, Carranza J, Moya-Laraño J. Better Fitness in Captive Cuvier's Gazelle despite Inbreeding Increase: Evidence of Purging? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145111. [PMID: 26679703 PMCID: PMC4682998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Captive breeding of endangered species often aims at preserving genetic diversity and to avoid the harmful effects of inbreeding. However, deleterious alleles causing inbreeding depression can be purged when inbreeding persists over several generations. Despite its great importance both for evolutionary biology and for captive breeding programmes, few studies have addressed whether and to which extent purging may occur. Here we undertake a longitudinal study with the largest captive population of Cuvier's gazelle managed under a European Endangered Species Programme since 1975. Previous results in this population have shown that highly inbred mothers tend to produce more daughters, and this fact was used in 2006 to reach a more appropriate sex-ratio in this polygynous species by changing the pairing strategy (i.e., pairing some inbred females instead of keeping them as surplus individuals in the population). Here, by using studbook data we explore whether purging has occurred in the population by investigating whether after the change in pairing strategy a) inbreeding and homozygosity increased at the population level, b) fitness (survival) increased, and c) the relationship between inbreeding and juvenile survival, was positive. Consistent with the existence of purging, we found an increase in inbreeding coefficients, homozygosity and juvenile survival. In addition, we showed that in the course of the breeding programme the relationship between inbreeding and juvenile survival was not uniform but rather changed over time: it was negative in the early years, flat in the middle years and positive after the change in pairing strategy. We highlight that by allowing inbred individuals to mate in captive stocks we may favour sex-ratio bias towards females, a desirable managing strategy to reduce the surplus of males that force most zoos to use ethical culling and euthanizing management tools. We discuss these possibilities but also acknowledge that many other effects should be considered before implementing inbreeding and purging as elements in management decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eulalia Moreno
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Dept. Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, E-04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Javier Pérez-González
- Ungulate Research Unit, Cátedra de Recursos Cinegéticos y Piscícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- Guardería Rural, Mancomunidad Integral de Municipios Centro, E-06810, Calamonte, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Juan Carranza
- Ungulate Research Unit, Cátedra de Recursos Cinegéticos y Piscícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jordi Moya-Laraño
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Dept. Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, E-04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Goudarzi F, Hemami MR, Bashari H, Johnson S. Assessing translocation success of the endangered Persian fallow deer using a Bayesian Belief Network. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00358.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
9
|
Ibáñez B, Cervantes I, Gutiérrez JP, Goyache F, Moreno E. Estimates of direct and indirect effects for early juvenile survival in captive populations maintained for conservation purposes: the case of Cuvier's gazelle. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4117-29. [PMID: 25505538 PMCID: PMC4242564 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with the avoidance of any negative impact of inbreeding, preservation of genetic variability for life-history traits that could undergo future selective pressure is a major issue in endangered species management programmes. However, most of these programmes ignore that, apart from the direct action of genes on such traits, parents, as contributors of offspring environment, can influence offspring performance through indirect parental effects (when parental genotype and phenotype exerts environmental influences on offspring phenotype independently of additive genetic effects). Using quantitative genetic models, we estimated the additive genetic variance for juvenile survival in a population of the endangered Cuvier's gazelle kept in captivity since 1975. The dataset analyzed included performance recording for 700 calves and a total pedigree of 740 individuals. Results indicated that in this population juvenile survival harbors significant additive genetic variance. The estimates of heritability obtained were in general moderate (0.115-0.457) and not affected by the inclusion of inbreeding in the models. Maternal genetic contribution to juvenile survival seems to be of major importance in this gazelle's population as well. Indirect genetic and indirect environmental effects assigned to mothers (i.e., maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects) roughly explain a quarter of the total variance estimated for the trait analyzed. These findings have major evolutionary consequences for the species as show that offspring phenotypes can evolve strictly through changes in the environment provided by mothers. They are also relevant for the captive breeding programme of the species. To take into account, the contribution that mothers have on offspring phenotype through indirect genetic effects when designing pairing strategies might serve to identify those females with better ability to recruit, and, additionally, to predict reliable responses to selection in the captive population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ibáñez
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC)Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, E- 04120, Spain
| | - Isabel Cervantes
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de MadridAvda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Juan P Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de MadridAvda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Félix Goyache
- Area de Genética y Reproducción Animal, SERIDA-DevaCamino de Rioseco 1225, Gijón, E-33394, Asturias, Spain
| | - Eulalia Moreno
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC)Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, E- 04120, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Senn H, Banfield L, Wacher T, Newby J, Rabeil T, Kaden J, Kitchener AC, Abaigar T, Silva TL, Maunder M, Ogden R. Splitting or lumping? A conservation dilemma exemplified by the critically endangered dama gazelle (Nanger dama). PLoS One 2014; 9:e98693. [PMID: 24956104 PMCID: PMC4067283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Managers of threatened species often face the dilemma of whether to keep populations separate to conserve local adaptations and minimize the risk of outbreeding, or whether to manage populations jointly to reduce loss of genetic diversity and minimise inbreeding. In this study we examine genetic relatedness and diversity in three of the five last remaining wild populations of dama gazelle and a number of captive populations, using mtDNA control region and cytochrome b data. Despite the sampled populations belonging to the three putative subspecies, which are delineated according to phenotypes and geographical location, we find limited evidence for phylogeographical structure within the data and no genetic support for the putative subspecies. In the light of these data we discuss the relevance of inbreeding depression, outbreeding depression, adaptive variation, genetic drift, and phenotypic variation to the conservation of the dama gazelle and make some recommendations for its future conservation management. The genetic data suggest that the best conservation approach is to view the dama gazelle as a single species without subspecific divisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Senn
- WildGenes Laboratory, Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Banfield
- Conservation Department, Al Ain Zoo, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tim Wacher
- Conservation Programmes, Zoologicial Society of London, Regents Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Newby
- Sahara Conservation Fund, L'Isle, Switzerland
| | | | - Jennifer Kaden
- WildGenes Laboratory, Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C. Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Institute of Geography, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Abaigar
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Almería, Spain
| | - Teresa Luísa Silva
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigção em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Almería, Spain
- Departamento de Biologia da, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mike Maunder
- College of Arts and Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rob Ogden
- WildGenes Laboratory, Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bilski DR, Pie MR, Passos FC. Variable inbreeding effects across life-history stages in a captive carnivorous mammal population. Anim Conserv 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Bilski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba PR Brazil
| | - M. R. Pie
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba PR Brazil
| | - F. C. Passos
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba PR Brazil
| |
Collapse
|