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Billapati S, Sowmya GC, Tapadia RS, Dutta UR. Beta Thalassemia and Klinefelter syndrome: a rare occurrence. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
β-Thalassemia is an inherited haematological blood disorder in the HBB gene, and variations in this HBB gene lead to the absence/deficiency of the Beta chain synthesis of haemoglobin leading to severe anaemia. Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality that affects physical and cognitive development in males. Affected individuals are taller, show gynaecomastia and behavioural problems and have small testes that do not produce much testosterone. We describe a boy with β-Thalassemia major referred for chromosomal analysis due to delayed puberty and short stature. This is a second case reported in the literature that gives information on two different contradicting genetic disorders in a single individual but novel case as he exhibits additional short-stature phenotype.
Case presentation
A 17-year-old boy with short stature and gonadal dysfunction was referred for chromosomal analysis. He needed blood transfusion every 4 weeks. The GTG banding for chromosomal analysis and standard PCR for variant detection of HBB gene, Bi-directional Sanger sequencing of the PCR products and multiplex PCR for Y microdeletion of the AZF a, b and c regions on the Y chromosome were performed. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a karyotype of 47,XXY. The HBB gene detected two heterozygous variants forming a pathogenic compound heterozygous condition. The multiplex PCR revealed that the AZF a, b and c regions were intact and were not deleted.
Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the second case of a patient with β-Thalassemia associated with Klinefelter syndrome but a novel case with short-stature phenotype association instead of tall stature. The possible association of these two disorders and the unusual phenotypic presentation are discussed. This study highlights the possibility of ruling out Thalassemia while evaluating patients with short stature and delayed puberty.
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Reitalu J. The occurrence of 48-chromosome cells in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome over a six-years period. Identification by autoradiography of the 48th chromsome. Hereditas 2009; 58:63-72. [PMID: 5586612 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1967.tb02141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Järnerot G. Diabetes mellitus with optic atrophy--thalassemia-like sideroblastic anemia and weak isoagglutinins--a new genetic syndrome? ACTA MEDICA SCANDINAVICA 1973; 193:359-62. [PMID: 4717316 DOI: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1973.tb10592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
SUMMARYGenetic systems involving developmental inactivation of entire chromosomes occur in two widely different groups of organisms: mammals and coccids (Homoptera: Insecta). The two groups show several similarities and some interesting contrasts with respect to this unusual cytogenetic phenomenon. Although mammalianXchromosomes and coccid paternal sets are components of different genetic systems, comparisons between them nevertheless suggest approaches that might prove to be of value. Further, the occurrence of facultative heterochromatization in these two wholly unrelated taxa must mean that this type of heterochromatization represents a fundamental capacity of chromosomes.
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Paulsen CA, Gordon DL, Carpenter RW, Gandy HM, Drucker WD. Klinefelter's syndrome and its variants: a hormonal and chromosomal study. RECENT PROGRESS IN HORMONE RESEARCH 1968; 24:321-63. [PMID: 4883112 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-9827-9.50013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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