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Casarrubia S, Martino E, Daghino S, Kohler A, Morin E, Khouja HR, Murat C, Barry KW, Lindquist EA, Martin FM, Perotto S. Modulation of Plant and Fungal Gene Expression Upon Cd Exposure and Symbiosis in Ericoid Mycorrhizal Vaccinium myrtillus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:341. [PMID: 32210940 PMCID: PMC7075258 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of Ericaceae in stressful habitats enriched in heavy metals has been ascribed to the distinctive abilities of their mycorrhizal fungal partners to withstand heavy metal stress and to enhance metal tolerance in the host plant. Whereas heavy metal tolerance has been extensively investigated in some ericoid mycorrhizal (ERM) fungi, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that extend tolerance to the host plant are currently unknown. Here, we show a reduced Cd content in Cd-exposed mycorrhizal roots of Vaccinium myrtillus colonized by a metal tolerant isolate of the fungus Oidiodendron maius as compared to non-mycorrhizal roots. To better understand this phenotype, we applied Next Generation Sequencing technologies to analyze gene expression in V. myrtillus and O. maius Zn grown under normal and Cd-stressed conditions, in the free living and in the mycorrhizal status. The results clearly showed that Cd had a stronger impact on plant gene expression than symbiosis, whereas fungal gene expression was mainly regulated by symbiosis. The higher abundance of transcripts coding for stress related proteins in non-mycorrhizal roots may be related to the higher Cd content. Regulated plant metal transporters have been identified that may play a role in reducing Cd content in mycorrhizal roots exposed to this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Casarrubia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Martino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est Nancy, Champenoux, France
| | - Stefania Daghino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Annegret Kohler
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est Nancy, Champenoux, France
| | - Emmanuelle Morin
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est Nancy, Champenoux, France
| | | | - Claude Murat
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est Nancy, Champenoux, France
| | - Kerrie W. Barry
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Erika A. Lindquist
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Francis M. Martin
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est Nancy, Champenoux, France
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Silvia Perotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Morel M, Meux E, Mathieu Y, Thuillier A, Chibani K, Harvengt L, Jacquot JP, Gelhaye E. Xenomic networks variability and adaptation traits in wood decaying fungi. Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:248-63. [PMID: 23279857 PMCID: PMC3815920 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal degradation of wood is mainly restricted to basidiomycetes, these organisms having developed complex oxidative and hydrolytic enzymatic systems. Besides these systems, wood-decaying fungi possess intracellular networks allowing them to deal with the myriad of potential toxic compounds resulting at least in part from wood degradation but also more generally from recalcitrant organic matter degradation. The members of the detoxification pathways constitute the xenome. Generally, they belong to multigenic families such as the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and the glutathione transferases. Taking advantage of the recent release of numerous genomes of basidiomycetes, we show here that these multigenic families are extended and functionally related in wood-decaying fungi. Furthermore, we postulate that these rapidly evolving multigenic families could reflect the adaptation of these fungi to the diversity of their substrate and provide keys to understand their ecology. This is of particular importance for white biotechnology, this xenome being a putative target for improving degradation properties of these fungi in biomass valorization purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Morel
- Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54506, France.
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