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Bouron A. Neuronal Store-Operated Calcium Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03352-5. [PMID: 37118324 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major intracellular calcium (Ca2+) storage compartment in eukaryotic cells. In most instances, the mobilization of Ca2+ from this store is followed by a delayed and sustained uptake of Ca2+ through Ca2+-permeable channels of the cell surface named store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs). This gives rise to a store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that has been thoroughly investigated in electrically non-excitable cells where it is the principal regulated Ca2+ entry pathway. The existence of this Ca2+ route in neurons has long been a matter of debate. However, a growing body of experimental evidence indicates that the recruitment of Ca2+ from neuronal ER Ca2+ stores generates a SOCE. The present review summarizes the main studies supporting the presence of a depletion-dependent Ca2+ entry in neurons. It also addresses the question of the molecular composition of neuronal SOCCs, their expression, pharmacological properties, as well as their physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bouron
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Inserm UA13 BGE, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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2
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Fernández-Cruz I, Sánchez-Díaz I, Narváez-Padilla V, Reynaud E. Rpt2 proteasome subunit reduction causes Parkinson's disease like symptoms in Drosophila. IBRO Rep 2020; 9:65-77. [PMID: 32715147 PMCID: PMC7369354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of the proteasome-ubiquitin system is commonly reported in several neurodegenerative diseases. Post mortem samples of brains of patients with Parkinson´s disease present cytoplasmic inclusions that are rich in proteins such as ubiquitin, Tau, and α-synuclein. In Parkinson´s disease, a specific reduction of some of the proteasome subunits has also been reported. However, the specific role of the different proteasome subunits in dopaminergic neuron degeneration has not been thoroughly explored. In this work, we used the Gal4/UAS system to test fourteen Drosophila melanogaster RNAi lines from the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center. Each of these lines targets a different proteasome subunit. To identify the strains that were able to induce neurodegeneration, we drove the expression of these lines to the eye and cataloged them as a function of the extent of neurodegeneration that they induced. The targeted proteasomal subunits are conserved in mammals and therefore may be relevant to study proteasome related diseases. The RNAi line among the regulatory subunits with the most penetrant phenotype targeted the proteasomal subunit Rpt2 and we decided to further characterize its phenotypes. Rpt2 knockdown in the Drosophila central nervous system reduced the activity of the proteasome, augmented the amount of insoluble ubiquitinated protein, and elicited motor and non-motor phenotypes that were similar to the ones found in Drosophila and other models for Parkinson's disease. When Rpt2 is silenced pan-neurally, third instar larvae have locomotion dysfunctions and die during pupation. Larval lethality was avoided using the Gal80-Gal4 system to induce the expression of the Rpt2 RNAi to dopaminergic neurons only after pupation. The reduction of Rpt2 in adult dopaminergic neurons causes reduced survival, hyperactivity, neurodegeneration, and sleep loss; probably recapitulating some of the sleep disorders that Parkinson's disease patients have before the appearance of locomotion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Fernández-Cruz
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Iván Sánchez-Díaz
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Verónica Narváez-Padilla
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reynaud
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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4
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Zhou J, Song J, Wu S. Autophagic degradation of stromal interaction molecule 2 mediates disruption of neuronal dendrites by endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Neurochem 2019; 151:351-369. [PMID: 31038732 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been highlighted as one of the factors involved in axon/dendrite degeneration, which is an early event in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases as well as in acute disorders such as ischemia and axotomy-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration. These lines of evidence suggest critical roles of ER stress at the early stage of neurodegeneration, but the relevant mechanism is rarely exploited. In this study, we report that treatment with sublethal level of ER stressors, tunicamycin or brefeldin A, in primary rat neuronal cultures, significantly reduced dendrite arbor. Under the same treatment, either stressor reduced store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and cytosolic calcium, [Ca2+ ]i , which were associated with autophagic degradation of stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2). Knockdown of ATG7 or activating transcription factor 4 completely reversed the reduction of STIM2 and significantly reversed the inhibition of SOCE under ER stress. Overexpression of STIM2 in neurons significantly prevented the ER stress-induced disruption of dendrite arbor. Altogether, our data reveal an unprecedented mechanism by which ER stress induces dendrite degeneration, that is, ER stress induces autophagic degradation of STIM2, leading to ensued SOCE inhibition and reduced [Ca2+ ]i , resulting in trimming effect on dendrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Juan Song
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Shengzhou Wu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Proteostasis and Mitochondrial Role on Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Current Perspectives. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:6798712. [PMID: 30050571 PMCID: PMC6040257 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6798712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis involves processes that are fundamental for neural viability. Thus, protein misfolding and the formation of toxic aggregates at neural level, secondary to dysregulation of the conservative mechanisms of proteostasis, are associated with several neuropsychiatric conditions. It has been observed that impaired mitochondrial function due to a dysregulated proteostasis control system, that is, ubiquitin-proteasome system and chaperones, could also have effects on neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to critically analyze the available findings regarding the neurobiological implications of proteostasis on the development of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, considering the mitochondrial role. Proteostasis alterations in the prefrontal cortex implicate proteome instability and accumulation of misfolded proteins. Altered mitochondrial dynamics, especially in proteostasis processes, could impede the normal compensatory mechanisms against cell damage. Thereby, altered mitochondrial functions on regulatory modulation of dendritic development, neuroinflammation, and respiratory function may underlie the development of some psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, being influenced by a genetic background. It is expected that with the increasing evidence about proteostasis in neuropsychiatric disorders, new therapeutic alternatives will emerge.
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A mammalian nervous-system-specific plasma membrane proteasome complex that modulates neuronal function. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:419-430. [PMID: 28287632 PMCID: PMC5383508 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the nervous system, rapidly occurring processes such as neuronal transmission and calcium signaling are affected by short-term inhibition of proteasome function. It remains unclear how proteasomes can acutely regulate such processes, as this is inconsistent with their canonical role in proteostasis. Here, we made the discovery of a mammalian nervous system-specific membrane proteasome complex that directly and rapidly modulates neuronal function by degrading intracellular proteins into extracellular peptides that can stimulate neuronal signaling. This proteasome complex is tightly associated with neuronal plasma membranes, exposed to the extracellular space, and catalytically active. Selective inhibition of this membrane proteasome complex by a cell-impermeable proteasome inhibitor blocked extracellular peptide production and attenuated neuronal activity-induced calcium signaling. Moreover, membrane proteasome-derived peptides are sufficient to induce neuronal calcium signaling. Our discoveries challenge the prevailing notion that proteasomes primarily function to maintain proteostasis, and highlight a form of neuronal communication through a membrane proteasome complex.
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Kuang XL, Liu Y, Chang Y, Zhou J, Zhang H, Li Y, Qu J, Wu S. Inhibition of store-operated calcium entry by sub-lethal levels of proteasome inhibition is associated with STIM1/STIM2 degradation. Cell Calcium 2016; 59:172-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tang B, Cai J, Sun L, Li Y, Qu J, Snider BJ, Wu S. Proteasome inhibitors activate autophagy involving inhibition of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway as an anti-oxidation defense in human RPE cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103364. [PMID: 25062253 PMCID: PMC4111584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The two major intracellular protein degradation systems, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy, work collaboratively in many biological processes including development, apoptosis, aging, and countering oxidative injuries. We report here that, in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), ARPE-19 cells, proteasome inhibitors, clasto-lactacystinβ-lactone (LA) or epoxomicin (Epo), at non-lethal doses, increased the protein levels of autophagy-specific genes Atg5 and Atg7 and enhanced the conversion of microtubule-associated protein light chain (LC3) from LC3-I to its lipidative form, LC3-II, which was enhanced by co-addition of the saturated concentration of Bafilomycin A1 (Baf). Detection of co-localization for LC3 staining and labeled-lysosome further confirmed autophagic flux induced by LA or Epo. LA or Epo reduced the phosphorylation of the protein kinase B (Akt), a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in ARPE-19 cells; by contrast, the induced changes of autophagy substrate, p62, showed biphasic pattern. The autophagy inhibitor, Baf, attenuated the reduction in oxidative injury conferred by treatment with low doses of LA and Epo in ARPE-19 cells exposed to menadione (VK3) or 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Knockdown of Atg7 with siRNA in ARPE-19 cells reduced the protective effects of LA or Epo against VK3. Overall, our results suggest that treatment with low levels of proteasome inhibitors confers resistance to oxidative injury by a pathway involving inhibition of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrong Tang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Barbara Joy Snider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Shengzhou Wu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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Kuang XL, Liu F, Chen H, Li Y, Liu Y, Xiao J, Shan G, Li M, Snider BJ, Qu J, Barger SW, Wu S. Reductions of the components of the calreticulin/calnexin quality-control system by proteasome inhibitors and their relevance in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:1319-29. [PMID: 24860980 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the endoplasmic retculum (ER) quality-control system work in concert to ensure that proteins are correctly folded in the ER and that misfolded proteins are retrotransported to the cytosol for degradation by proteasomes. Dysfunction of either system results in developmental abnormalities and even death in animals. This study investigates whether and how proteasome inhibition impacts the components of the calreticulin (CRT)/calnexin (CNX) glycoprotein folding machinery, a typical ER protein quality-control system, in the context of early neuronal injury. Here we report that proteasome inhibitor treatments, at nonlethal levels, reduced protein levels of CRT and ERp57 but not of CNX. These treatments increased protein levels of CRT in culture media, an effect blocked by brefeldin A, an inhibitor of protein trafficking; by contrast, ERp57 was not detected in culture media. Knockdown of CRT levels alone increased the vulnerability of SH-SY5Y, a neuronal cell line, to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) toxicity. In a rat model of Parkinson's disease, intrastriatal 6-OHDA lesions resulted in decreased levels of CRT and ERp57 in the midbrain. These findings suggest that reduction of the components of CRT/CNX glycoprotein quality-control system may play a role in neuronal injury in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders associated with dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Kuang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Feng Y, Wang B, Du F, Li H, Wang S, Hu C, Zhu C, Yu X. The involvement of PI3K-mediated and L-VGCC-gated transient Ca2+ influx in 17β-estradiol-mediated protection of retinal cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis with Ca2+ overload. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77218. [PMID: 24223708 PMCID: PMC3818527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays an important role in regulating most cellular processes, including apoptosis and survival, but its alterations are different and complicated under diverse conditions. In this study, we focused on the [Ca2+]i and its control mechanisms in process of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis of primary cultured Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat retinal cells and 17β-estradiol (βE2) anti-apoptosis. Fluo-3AM was used as a Ca2+ indicator to detect [Ca2+]i through fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), cell viability was assayed using MTT assay, and apoptosis was marked by Hoechst 33342 and annexin V/Propidium Iodide staining. Besides, PI3K activity was detected by Western blotting. Results showed: a) 100 μM H2O2-induced retinal cell apoptosis occurred at 4 h after H2O2 stress and increased in a time-dependent manner, but [Ca2+]i increased earlier at 2 h, sustained to 12 h, and then recovered at 24 h after H2O2 stress; b) 10 μM βE2 treatment for 0.5-24 hrs increased cell viability by transiently increasing [Ca2+]i, which appeared only at 0.5 h after βE2 application; c) increased [Ca2+]i under 100 µM H2O2 treatment for 2 hrs or 10 µM βE2 treatment for 0.5 hrs was, at least partly, due to extracellular Ca2+ stores; d) importantly, the transiently increased [Ca2+]i induced by 10 µM βE2 treatment for 0.5 hrs was mediated by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and gated by the L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (L-VGCC), but the increased [Ca2+]i induced by 100 µM H2O2 treatment for 2 hrs was not affected; and e) pretreatment with 10 µM βE2 for 0.5 hrs effectively protected retinal cells from apoptosis induced by 100 µM H2O2, which was also associated with its transient [Ca2+]i increase through L-VGCC and PI3K pathway. These findings will lead to better understanding of the mechanisms of βE2-mediated retinal protection and to exploration of the novel therapeutic strategies for retina degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fangying Du
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaolan Wang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenghu Hu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunhui Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaorui Yu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-and-Gene Related Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Camandola S, Mattson MP. Aberrant subcellular neuronal calcium regulation in aging and Alzheimer's disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1813:965-73. [PMID: 20950656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this mini-review/opinion article we describe evidence that multiple cellular and molecular alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involve perturbed cellular calcium regulation, and that alterations in synaptic calcium handling may be early and pivotal events in the disease process. With advancing age neurons encounter increased oxidative stress and impaired energy metabolism, which compromise the function of proteins that control membrane excitability and subcellular calcium dynamics. Altered proteolytic cleavage of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in response to the aging process in combination with genetic and environmental factors results in the production and accumulation of neurotoxic forms of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). Aβ undergoes a self-aggregation process and concomitantly generates reactive oxygen species that can trigger membrane-associated oxidative stress which, in turn, impairs the functions of ion-motive ATPases and glutamate and glucose transporters thereby rendering neurons vulnerable to excitotoxicity and apoptosis. Mutations in presenilin-1 that cause early-onset AD increase Aβ production, but also result in an abnormal increase in the size of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores. Some of the events in the neurodegenerative cascade can be counteracted in animal models by manipulations that stabilize neuronal calcium homeostasis including dietary energy restriction, agonists of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptors and drugs that activate mitochondrial potassium channels. Emerging knowledge of the actions of calcium upstream and downstream of Aβ provides opportunities to develop novel preventative and therapeutic interventions for AD. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 11th European Symposium on Calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Camandola
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Feldman B, Fedida-Metula S, Nita J, Sekler I, Fishman D. Coupling of mitochondria to store-operated Ca(2+)-signaling sustains constitutive activation of protein kinase B/Akt and augments survival of malignant melanoma cells. Cell Calcium 2010; 47:525-37. [PMID: 20605628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are emerging as a major hub for cellular Ca(2+)-signaling, though their contribution to Ca(2+)-driven growth- and survival-promoting events in cancer is poorly understood. Here employing flow cytometry to monitor mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+), we assessed trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport and store-operated Ca(2+)-influx (store-operated channels (SOC)) in malignant vs. non-malignant B16BL6 melanoma clones. Remarkably, mitochondrial Ca(2+)-fluxes measured in whole cells or in isolated mitochondria were accelerated in the malignant clones compared to their non-malignant counterpart clones. This coincided with enhanced SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx and high levels of constitutively active protein kinase B/Akt (PKB). Interruption of trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport in the malignant cells with an antagonist of the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, CGP-37157, abolsihed SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx, inactivated PKB, retarded cell growth and increased vulnerability to apoptosis. Similarly, direct SOC blockade by silencing Stim1 inhibited PKB, indicating that the crosstalk between SOC and mitochondria is essential to preserve PKB in constitutively active state. Finally, the retraction of mitochondria from sub-plasmalemmal micro-domains triggered by Fis1 over-expression inhibited SOC-coupled trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-flux, Ca(2+)-entry via SOC and PKB activity. Taken together, our data show that in the malignant melanoma cells, the functional and spatial relationship of up-regulated mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport to the SOC sustains the robust Ca(2+)-responses and down-stream signaling critical for apoptosis-resistance and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Feldman
- Department of Morphology, Ben-Gurion University Cancer Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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