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Poommouang A, Piboon P, Buddhachat K, Brown JL, Kriangwanich W, Chomdej S, Kampuansai J, Mekchay S, Kaewmong P, Kittiwattanawong K, Nganvongpanit K. Microsatellite Polymorphism and the Population Structure of Dugongs (Dugong dugon) in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030235. [PMID: 35158560 PMCID: PMC8833502 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary For this study, skin samples were analyzed from 77 individual stranded dugongs collected in Thai waters from 1994–2019 using six microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure. Dugongs in the Andaman Sea had higher genetic variation than those in the Gulf of Thailand. Populations in Trang, Satun and some areas of Krabi had highest diversity compared to other regions of Thailand. The analysis of Bayesian genetic clustering showed that dugongs in Thailand consist of five genetic groups. Furthermore, dugongs in the middle and lower Andaman Sea presented the greatest gene flow compared to other regions. Based on calculation of inbreeding coefficients, dugong populations in the Sea of Thailand are experiencing some levels of inbreeding, and so may warrant special protections. Results of this study provide important information on genetic diversity and genetic population structuring of dugongs in Thailand and for understanding the genetic status of dugongs that can lead to improved management and conservation of this endangered species. Abstract The dugong (Dugong dugon) is an endangered species of marine mammals, so knowledge of genetic diversity of these populations is important for conservation planning within different habitats. In this study, six microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 77 dugongs from skin samples of stranded animals collected from 1994–2019 (69 from Andaman Sea and 8 from the Gulf of Thailand). Our results found that dugongs in the Andaman Sea had higher genetic variation than those in the Gulf of Thailand. Populations in Trang, Satun, and some areas of Krabi had highest diversity compared to other regions of Thailand. Bayesian genetic clustering analysis revealed that dugongs in Thailand consist of five genetic groups. Moreover, dugongs in the middle and lower Andaman Sea presented the greatest gene flow compared to other regions. However, based on calculation of inbreeding coefficients (Fis value = 0.239), dugong populations in the Sea of Thailand are experiencing some levels of inbreeding, and so may warrant special protections. These results provide important information for understanding the genetic status of dugongs that can lead to improved management and conservation of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anocha Poommouang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (A.P.); (P.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Promporn Piboon
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (A.P.); (P.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Kittisak Buddhachat
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Janine L. Brown
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Species Survival, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA;
| | - Wannapimol Kriangwanich
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (A.P.); (P.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Jatupol Kampuansai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Supamit Mekchay
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | | | | | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (A.P.); (P.P.); (W.K.)
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.B.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53-948046
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Satizábal P, Mignucci-Giannoni AA, Duchêne S, Caicedo-Herrera D, Perea-Sicchar CM, García-Dávila CR, Trujillo F, Caballero SJ. Phylogeography and sex-biased dispersal across riverine manatee populations (Trichechus inunguis and Trichechus manatus) in South America. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52468. [PMID: 23285054 PMCID: PMC3527500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogeographic patterns and sex-biased dispersal were studied in riverine populations of West Indian (Trichechus manatus) and Amazonian manatees (T. inunguis) in South America, using 410bp D-loop (Control Region, Mitochondrial DNA) sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite loci. This multi-locus approach was key to disentangle complex patterns of gene flow among populations. D-loop analyses revealed population structuring among all Colombian rivers for T. manatus, while microsatellite data suggested no structure. Two main populations of T. inunguis separating the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon were supported by analysis of the D-loop and microsatellite data. Overall, we provide molecular evidence for differences in dispersal patterns between sexes, demonstrating male-biased gene flow dispersal in riverine manatees. These results are in contrast with previously reported levels of population structure shown by microsatellite data in marine manatee populations, revealing low habitat restrictions to gene flow in riverine habitats, and more significant dispersal limitations for males in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Satizábal
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular de Vertebrados Acuáticos-LEMVA, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
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de OLIVEIRA LR, LOIZAGA DE CASTRO R, CÁRDENAS-ALAYZA S, BONATTO SL. Conservation genetics of South American aquatic mammals: an overview of gene diversity, population structure, phylogeography, non-invasive methods and forensics. Mamm Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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HUNTER MARGARETKELLOGG, BRODERICK DAMIEN, OVENDEN JENNIFERR, TUCKER KIMBERLYPAUSE, BONDE ROBERTK, MCGUIRE PETERM, LANYON JANETM. Characterization of highly informative cross‐species microsatellite panels for the Australian dugong (
Dugong dugon
) and Florida manatee (
Trichechus manatus latirostris
) including five novel primers. Mol Ecol Resour 2010; 10:368-77. [PMID: 21565032 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MARGARET KELLOGG HUNTER
- Sirenia Project, Florida Integrated Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 2201 NW 40th Terrace, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245 UFHSC, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - DAMIEN BRODERICK
- Molecular Fisheries Laboratory, Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Level 3 Ritchie Building, Research Lane, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - JENNIFER R. OVENDEN
- Molecular Fisheries Laboratory, Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Level 3 Ritchie Building, Research Lane, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - KIMBERLY PAUSE TUCKER
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave S. MSL 119, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - ROBERT K. BONDE
- Sirenia Project, Florida Integrated Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 2201 NW 40th Terrace, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245 UFHSC, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - PETER M. MCGUIRE
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245 UFHSC, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - JANET M. LANYON
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
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