1
|
Dos Reis CMF, Ramos GLDPA, Pereira RDCL, Vallim DC, Costa LEDO. Evaluation of VITEK® 2 and MALDI-TOF/MS automated methodologies in the identification of atypical Listeria spp. isolated from food in different regions of Brazil. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 194:106434. [PMID: 35176354 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a foodborne disease with high mortality rates (20-30%). It mainly affects the elderly, pregnant women, and immunocompromised people. Although not pathogenic, the isolation and identification of Listeria innocua are critical since they can indicate L. monocytogenes' presence as they are closely related and widely distributed in the environment and food processing plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the automated methods VITEK® 2 and MALDI-TOF/MS in identifying 94 strains of the genus Listeria with atypical identification profile. The resulting identification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), using specific primers for the most common species of Listeria, was considered the correct identification and presented a total of 31 strains identified as Listeria innocua (LI), 54 as L. monocytogenes (LM), 8 as Listeria welshimeri (LW) and 1 as Listeria grayi (LG). The VITEK® 2 automated system correctly identified, on average, 79% of the LI strains, 16% of the LM strains, and 88.0% of the LW strains. In the analysis by MALDI-TOF/MS, on average, 73% of LM strains were correctly identified, few LW strains were correctly identified, and all LI strains were incorrectly identified. Both VITEK® 2 and MALDI-TOF/MS correctly identified the LG strain in both analyzes. The results demonstrate that automated methodologies could not discriminate atypical strains of the Listeria genus and point to the need for the use of complementary tests, such as PCR and chromogenic media, for the correct identification of these strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristhiane M F Dos Reis
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Food Department, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis de P A Ramos
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Food Department, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Deyse Christina Vallim
- Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen JQ, Healey S, Regan P, Laksanalamai P, Hu Z. PCR-based methodologies for detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in foods and environmental sources. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
3
|
Hage E, Mpamugo O, Ohai C, Sapkota S, Swift C, Wooldridge D, Amar CFL. Identification of six Listeria species by real-time PCR assay. Lett Appl Microbiol 2014; 58:535-40. [PMID: 24461044 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Listeria genus comprises 10 recognized species. Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis in humans and other animals primarily via contaminated food or animal feed. Listeria ivanovii causes listeriosis in animals and on rare occasions in humans. The identification of nonpathogenic species of Listeria in foods indicates that conditions exist that support the growth of pathogenic strains and is used to facilitate the implementation of control and prevention measures. This study shows the development and evaluation of a 5'exonuclease real-time PCR assay for the rapid identification of Listeria seeligeri, Listeria welshimeri, L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, Listeria grayi and Listeria innocua. The assay consists of two triplexes that were evaluated using 53 cultures of Gram-positive bacteria, including 49 Listeria spp. from human, animal, food or food-processing environments. The assay was rapid, specific and reproducible and could identify each of the six species from a mixture of strains. The developed assay proved to be a powerful means of rapidly identifying Listeria species and could be usefully implemented in busy specialist reference laboratories. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The identification of species of Listeria from foods is important to monitor pathogenic strains and facilitates the implementation of control measures. This study shows the development and evaluation of a 5'exonuclease real-time PCR assay for the rapid identification of L. seeligeri, L. welshimeri, L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii, L. grayi, L. innocua. The developed assay proved to be specific, rapid and reproducible and therefore could be implemented in busy specialist reference laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Hage
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ryu J, Park SH, Yeom YS, Shrivastav A, Lee SH, Kim YR, Kim HY. Simultaneous detection of Listeria species isolated from meat processed foods using multiplex PCR. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
5
|
Liu D. Molecular approaches to the identification of pathogenic and nonpathogenic listeriae. Microbiol Insights 2013; 6:59-69. [PMID: 24826075 PMCID: PMC3987759 DOI: 10.4137/mbi.s10880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Listeria consists of a closely related group of Gram-positive bacteria that commonly occur in the environment and demonstrate varied pathogenic potential. Of the 10 species identified to date, L. monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen of both humans and animals, L. ivanovii mainly infects ungulates (eg., sheep and cattle), while other species (L. innocua, L. seeligeri, L. welshimeri, L. grayi, L. marthii, L. rocourtiae, L. fleischmannii and L. weihenstephanensis) are essentially saprophytes. Within the species of L. monocytogenes, several serovars (e.g., 4b, 1/2a, 1/2b and 1/2c) are highly pathogenic and account for a majority of clinical isolations. Due to their close morphological, biological, biochemical and genetic similarities, laboratory identification of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria organisms is technically challenging. With the development and application of various molecular approaches, accurate and rapid discrimination of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria organisms, as well as pathogenic and nonpathogenic L. monocytogenes strains, has become possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyou Liu
- Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Biosecurity Quality Assurance Programs, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodríguez-Lázaro D, López-Enríquez L, Hernández M. smcL as a novel diagnostic marker for quantitative detection of Listeria ivanovii in biological samples. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:863-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Dalmasso A, Rantsiou K, Cocolin L, Bottero MT. Development of a Biomolecular Assay for the Identification ofListeriaat Species Level. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:565-71. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dalmasso
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Kalliopi Rantsiou
- Di.Va.P.R.A., Faculty of Agriculture, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Luca Cocolin
- Di.Va.P.R.A., Faculty of Agriculture, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bottero
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang B, Eglezos S, Heron BA, Smith H, Graham T, Bates J, Savill J. Comparison of multiplex PCR with conventional biochemical methods for the identification of Listeria spp. isolates from food and clinical samples in Queensland, Australia. J Food Prot 2007; 70:1874-80. [PMID: 17803144 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.8.1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen with high mortality. L. monocytogenes and five other Listeria species can frequently be found in the same sample. To identify Listeria isolates found in foods to the species level, two multiplex PCRs were designed. The PCR and conventional biochemical methods were compared for the identification of 456 Listeria isolates collected from routine food quality monitoring schemes between June 2004 and February 2006 and for 62 L. monocytogenes isolates from patients between 1999 and 2005. The results showed that the PCR and biochemical methods had 100% agreement in Listeria identification. The distribution of Listeria species from foods was as follows: L. monocytogenes, 50.4%; L. innocua, 33.8%; L. welshimeri, 14.9%; L. seeligeri, 0.7%; L. grayi, 0.2%; and L. ivanovii, 0.0%. Additional analyses were performed to identify the major serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b) and the three lineages of L. monocytogenes isolates from foods and patients, with 1/2a (69.6%) and 1/2b (21.7%) dominating the food isolates and 1/2b (54.8%) and 4b (30.7%) dominating the patient isolates. The lineage results showed that isolates of 1/2a and 1/2c belonged to lineage II and that isolates of 1/2b and 4b belonged to lineage I. The multiplex PCRs for Listeria identification that have been established provide an accurate and rapid method for food quality control. This study has provided the basic knowledge of distribution of Listeria species and L. monocytogenes serotypes in Queensland, Australia, which is useful for epidemiological investigations of listeriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bixing Huang
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Queensland Health Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu D. Identification, subtyping and virulence determination of Listeria monocytogenes, an important foodborne pathogen. J Med Microbiol 2006; 55:645-659. [PMID: 16687581 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen that has become an important cause of human foodborne infections worldwide. Given its close relationship to other Listeria species and its tendency to produce non-specific clinical symptoms, the availability of rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic tests for the differentiation of L. monocytogenes from other Listeria species is helpful for selecting appropriate treatment regimens. In addition, with L. monocytogenes comprising a diversity of strains of varying pathogenicity, the ability to precisely track the strains involved in listeriosis outbreaks and speedily determine their pathogenic potential is critical for the control and prevention of further occurrences of this deadly disease. Extensive research in recent decades has revealed significant insights regarding the molecular mechanisms of L. monocytogenes infection. This in turn has facilitated the development of laboratory procedures for enhanced detection and identification of L. monocytogenes, and has also contributed to the implementation of improved control and prevention strategies against listeriosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent progress in the species-specific identification, subtyping and virulence determination of L. monocytogenes strains, and to discuss future research needs pertaining to these important areas of listeriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyou Liu
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, PO Box 6100, MS 39762-6100, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu D, Lawrence ML, Ainsworth AJ, Austin FW. Isolation and PCR amplification of a species-specific oxidoreductase-coding gene region in Listeria grayi. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51:95-8. [PMID: 15782240 DOI: 10.1139/w04-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Listeria grayi is a nonpathogenic Gram-positive bacterium that demonstrates considerable similarities to other members in the genus Listeria, including the foodborne human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and the animal pathogen Listeria ivanovii. A rapid diagnostic test to identify and diagnose listeriosis would be valuable, especially in cases where the presence of L. grayi may complicate diagnosis. This test would be based on a unique gene present in L. grayi. In this study, after comparative screening of a recombinant L. grayi DNA library by dot blot hybridization, an L. grayi specific clone (lgr20-246) with an insert of 722 bp was isolated. By applying PCR primers derived from a distinct region of the clone not shared by other bacteria, a specific band of 420 bp was amplified from the genomic DNA of L. grayi only and not of other Listeria species or common bacteria. These results suggest that the PCR assay employing primers lgr20-246F and lgr20-246R provides an independent and precise means of distinguishing L. grayi from other Listeria species and common bacteria. Therefore, it would be another useful technique for laboratory differentiation of Listeria bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyou Liu
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University,MS 39762, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|