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Xia F, Chen Z, Tian E, Mo J. A super sandstorm altered the abundance and composition of airborne bacteria in Beijing. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 144:35-44. [PMID: 38802236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Sandstorm, which injects generous newly emerging microbes into the atmosphere covering cities, adversely affects the air quality in built environments. However, few studies have examined the change of airborne bacteria during severe sandstorm events. In this work, we analyzed the airborne bacteria during one of the strongest sandstorms in East Asia on March 15th, 2021, which affected large areas of China and Mongolia. The characteristics of the sandstorm were compared with those of the subsequent clean and haze days. The composition of the bacterial community of air samples was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and high-throughput sequencing technology. During the sandstorm, the particulate matter (PM) concentration and bacterial richness were extremely high (PM2.5: 207 µg/m3; PM10: 1630 µg/m3; 5700 amplicon sequence variants/m3). In addition, the sandstorm brought 10 pathogenic bacterial genera to the atmosphere, posing a grave hazard to human health. As the sandstorm subsided, small bioaerosols (0.65-1.1 µm) with a similar bacterial community remained suspended in the atmosphere, bringing possible long-lasting health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxuan Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Enze Tian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China
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B. Abraham S, Al-Marzooq F, Samaranayake L, Hamoudi RA, Himratul-Aznita WH, Aly Ahmed HM. Molecular analyses indicate profuse bacterial diversity in primary and post- treatment endodontic infections within a cohort from the United Arab Emirates-A preliminary study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305537. [PMID: 39008450 PMCID: PMC11249272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endodontic microbiota appears to undergo evolutionary changes during disease progression from inflammation to necrosis and post-treatment. The aim of this study was to compare microbiome composition and diversity in primary and post-treatment endodontic infections from a cohort of patients from the UAE. DESIGN Intracanal samples were collected from primarily infected (n = 10) and post-treatment infected (n = 10) root canals of human teeth using sterile paper points. Bacterial DNA was amplified from seven hypervariable regions (V2-V4 and V6-V9) of the 16S rRNA gene, then sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. The data was analyzed using appropriate bioinformatic tools. RESULTS Analyses of all the samples revealed eight major bacterial phyla, 112 genera and 260 species. Firmicutes was the most representative phylum in both groups and was significantly more abundant in the post-treatment (54.4%) than in primary (32.2%) infections (p>0.05). A total of 260 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified, of which 126 (48.5%) were shared between the groups, while 83 (31.9%) and 51 (19.6%) disparate species were isolated from primary and post-treatment infections, respectively. A significant difference in beta, but not alpha diversity was noted using several different indices (p< 0.05). Differential abundance analysis indicated that, Prevotella maculosa, Streptococcus constellatus, Novosphigobium sediminicola and Anaerococcus octavius were more abundant in primary infections while Enterrococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium dentium, Olsenella profusa and Actinomyces dentalis were more abundant in post-treatment infections (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Significant differences in the microbiome composition and diversity in primary and post-treatment endodontic infections were noted in our UAE cohort. Such compositional differences of microbiota at various stages of infection could be due to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting the root canal ecosystem during disease progression, as well as during their therapeutic management. Identification of the key microbiota in primarily and secondarily infected root canals can guide in the management of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheela B. Abraham
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Al-Marzooq
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Lakshman Samaranayake
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rifat Akram Hamoudi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wan Harun Himratul-Aznita
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya
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Parker J, O’Brien CL, Yeoh C, Gersh FL, Brennecke S. Reducing the Risk of Pre-Eclampsia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using a Combination of Pregnancy Screening, Lifestyle, and Medical Management Strategies. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1774. [PMID: 38541997 PMCID: PMC10971491 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13061774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystem disorder that presents with a variety of phenotypes involving metabolic, endocrine, reproductive, and psychological symptoms and signs. Women with PCOS are at increased risk of pregnancy complications including implantation failure, miscarriage, gestational diabetes, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, and pre-eclampsia (PE). This may be attributed to the presence of specific susceptibility features associated with PCOS before and during pregnancy, such as chronic systemic inflammation, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperandrogenism, all of which have been associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. Many of the features of PCOS are reversible following lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise, and pregnant women following a healthy lifestyle have been found to have a lower risk of complications, including PE. This narrative synthesis summarizes the evidence investigating the risk of PE and the role of nutritional factors in women with PCOS. The findings suggest that the beneficial aspects of lifestyle management of PCOS, as recommended in the evidence-based international guidelines, extend to improved pregnancy outcomes. Identifying high-risk women with PCOS will allow targeted interventions, early-pregnancy screening, and increased surveillance for PE. Women with PCOS should be included in risk assessment algorithms for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Parker
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | - Claire Louise O’Brien
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia;
| | - Christabelle Yeoh
- Next Practice Genbiome, 2/2 New McLean Street, Edgecliff 2027, Australia;
| | - Felice L. Gersh
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85004, USA;
| | - Shaun Brennecke
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
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Ma J, Liu S, Piao X, Wang C, Wang J, Lin YS, Hsu TP, Liu L. Dietary Supplementation of Ferrous Glycine Chelate Improves Growth Performance of Piglets by Enhancing Serum Immune Antioxidant Properties, Modulating Microbial Structure and Its Metabolic Function in the Early Stage. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:876965. [PMID: 35548055 PMCID: PMC9083199 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.876965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research aimed to explore the effect of dietary ferrous glycine chelate supplementation on performance, serum immune-antioxidant parameters, fecal volatile fatty acids, and microbiota in weaned piglets. A total of 80 healthy piglets (weaned at 28 day with an initial weight of 7.43 ± 1.51 kg) were separated into two treatments with five replicates of eight pigs each following a completely randomized block design. The diet was a corn-soybean basal diet with 2,000 mg/kg ferrous glycine chelates (FGC) or not (Ctrl). The serum and fecal samples were collected on days 14 and 28 of the experiment. The results indicated that dietary FGC supplementation improved (p < 0.05) the average daily gain and average daily feed intake overall, alleviated (p < 0.05) the diarrhea rate of piglets at the early stage, enhanced (p < 0.05) the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase on day 14 and lowered (p < 0.05) the MDA level overall. Similarly, the levels of growth hormone and serum iron were increased (p < 0.05) in the FGC group. Moreover, dietary FGC supplementation was capable of modulating the microbial community structure of piglets in the early period, increasing (p < 0.05) the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria Tezzerella, decreasing (p < 0.05) the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria Slackia, Olsenella, and Prevotella as well as stimulating (p < 0.05) the propanoate and butanoate metabolisms. Briefly, dietary supplemented FGC ameliorates the performance and alleviated the diarrhea of piglets by enhancing antioxidant properties, improving iron transport, up-regulating the growth hormone, modulating the fecal microbiota, and increasing the metabolism function. Therefore, FGC is effective for early iron supplementation and growth of piglets and may be more effective in neonatal piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangshu Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangshu Piao
| | - Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-sheng Lin
- Shanghai Bestar Biochemical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Tzu-ping Hsu
- Shanghai Bestar Biochemical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Tianjin Zhongsheng Feed Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
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Zhao F, Dong T, Yuan KY, Wang NJ, Xia FZ, Liu D, Wang ZM, Ma R, Lu YL, Huang ZW. Shifts in the Bacterial Community of Supragingival Plaque Associated With Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:581888. [PMID: 33384967 PMCID: PMC7770214 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.581888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), also known as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic disorders, has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The associations between some oral resident microbes and MAFLD have been described. However, changes to the oral microbial community in patients with MAFLD remain unknown. In this study, variations to the supragingival microbiota of MAFLD patients were identified. The microbial genetic profile of supragingival plaque samples from 24 MAFLD patients and 22 healthy participants were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Clinical variables, including indicators of insulin resistance, obesity, blood lipids, and hepatocellular damage, were evaluated with laboratory tests and physical examinations. The results showed that the diversity of the supragingival microbiota in MAFLD patients was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinates analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the samples from the MAFLD and control groups formed separate clusters (Adonis, P = 0.0120). There were 27 taxa with differential distributions (linear discriminant analysis, LDA>2.0) between two groups, among which Actinomyces spp. and Prevotella 2 spp. were over-represented in the MAFLD group with highest LDA score, while Neisseria spp. and Bergeyella spp. were more abundant in the control group. Co-occurrence networks of the top 50 abundant genera in the two groups suggested that the inter-genera relationships were also altered in the supragingival plaque of MAFLD patients. In addition, in genus level, as risk factors for the development of MAFLD, insulin resistance was positively correlated with the abundances of Granulicatella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Scardovia, while obesity was positively correlated to the abundances of Streptococcus, Oslenella, Scardovia, and Selenomonas. Metagenomic predictions based on Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States revealed that pathways related to sugar (mainly free sugar) metabolism were enriched in the supragingival plaque of the MAFLD group. In conclusion, as compared to healthy individuals, component and interactional dysbioses were observed in the supragingival microbiota of the MAFLD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Dong
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Yong Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Jian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Zhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Liu
- Computational Virology Group, Center for Bacteria and Viruses Resources and Bioinformation, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Li Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Li X, Jensen BB, Højberg O, Noel SJ, Canibe N. Development of a species-specific TaqMan-MGB real-time PCR assay to quantify Olsenella scatoligenes in pigs offered a chicory root-based diet. AMB Express 2018; 8:99. [PMID: 29909539 PMCID: PMC6004268 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Olsenella scatoligenes is the only skatole-producing bacterium isolated from the pig gut. Skatole, produced from microbial degradation of l-tryptophan, is the main contributor to boar taint, an off-odor and off-flavor taint, released upon heating meat from some entire male pigs. An appropriate method for quantifying O. scatoligenes would help investigating the relationship between O. scatoligenes abundance and skatole concentration
in the pig gut. Thus, the present study aimed at developing a TaqMan-MGB probe-based, species-specific qPCR assay for rapid quantification of O. scatoligenes. The use of a MGB probe allowed discriminating O. scatoligenes from other closely related species. Moreover, the assay allowed quantifying down to three target gene copies per PCR reaction using genomic DNA-constructed standards, or 1.5 × 103 cells/g digesta, using O. scatoligenes-spiked digesta samples as reference standards. The developed assay was applied to assess the impact of dietary chicory roots on O. scatoligenes in the hindgut of pigs. Olsenella scatoligenes made up < 0.01% of the microbial population in the pig hindgut. Interestingly, the highest number of O. scatoligenes was found in young entire male pigs fed high levels of chicory roots. This indicates that the known effect of chicory roots for reducing skatole production is not by inhibiting the growth of this skatole-producing bacterium in the pig hindgut. Accordingly, the abundance of O. scatoligenes in the hindgut does not seem to be an appropriate indicator of boar taint. The present study is the first to describe a TaqMan-MGB probe qPCR assay for detection and quantification of O. scatoligenes in pigs.
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Mao B, Li D, Zhao J, Liu X, Gu Z, Chen YQ, Zhang H, Chen W. Metagenomic insights into the effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on the composition of fecal microbiota in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:856-63. [PMID: 25598242 DOI: 10.1021/jf505156h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are usually regarded as a type of prebiotic, favorably stimulating the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. However, they are not the specific substrates for these target species, and other bacteria, such as Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Clostridium, have been shown to be able to utilize FOS. Previous studies have mainly investigated only a few bacteria groups, and few reports analyzed the global effects of FOS on intestinal microbial communities. In this study the effects of FOS on gut bacteria in mice were investigated through a 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis. In the FOS-low group, the abundance of Actinobacteria significantly increased and that of Bacteroidetes decreased after FOS diet (5%) for 3 weeks. In the FOS-high group, Enterococcus was promoted and levels of Bifidobacterium and Olsenella both notably increased after FOS diet (25%) and the microbiota tended to revert to initial structure 2 weeks after FOS treatment ceased. The most striking observation was that Olsenella became a dominant genus comparable with Bifidobacterium after FOS treatment, and one strain of Olsenella, isolated from mice feces, was confirmed, for the first time, to be capable of using FOS. The results indicated that metagenomic analysis was helpful to reveal the FOS effects on the global composition of gut communities and new target for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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Brito LCN, Sobrinho APR, Teles RP, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Vieira LQ, Teles FRF. Microbiologic profile of endodontic infections from HIV- and HIV+ patients using multiple-displacement amplification and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Oral Dis 2012; 18:558-67. [PMID: 22335194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the microbiota of endodontic infections in necrotic pulp from HIV-negative and HIV-positive subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Root canal samples from necrotic pulp were collected from 40 HIV- and 20 HIV+ subjects. Pulps were amplified using multiple displacement amplification (MDA). Then, checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization was employed to assess the levels of 107 microbial taxa. The percentage of DNA probe count and the percentage of teeth colonized by each test species were investigated. Significant differences between groups regarding proportions of taxa and prevalence of the test species were sought using the Mann-Whitney test and the Chi-square analysis, respectively. RESULTS The most prevalent taxa detected were Dialister pneumosintes, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Streptococcus sobrinus, Corynebacterium diphteriae, and Helicobacter pylori among HIV- subjects and D. pneumosintes, Prevotella tannerae, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Parvimonas micra, Prevotella nigrescens, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae among HIV+ individuals. D. pneumosintes, C. diphtheria, and C. albicans were the most abundant species in the HIV- group, whereas the predominant taxa in HIV+ samples were P. tannerae, D. pneumosintes and Olsenella uli. P. tannerae, O. uli, Veilonella dispar, Bacteroides fragilis, and Actinomyces meyeri were significantly more abundant in HIV+ samples. CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences in the prevalence and proportions of specific microbial taxa between HIV- and HIV+ individuals. The root canal microbiota may represent a reservoir of important oral and medical pathogens, mainly in HIV+ individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C N Brito
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Abstract
Although fungi, archaea, and viruses contribute to the microbial diversity in endodontic infections, bacteria are the most common micro-organisms occurring in these infections. Datasets from culture and molecular studies, integrated here for the first time, showed that over 460 unique bacterial taxa belonging to 100 genera and 9 phyla have been identified in different types of endodontic infections. The phyla with the highest species richness were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Diversity varies significantly according to the type of infection. Overall, more taxa have been disclosed by molecular studies than by culture. Many cultivable and as-yet-uncultivated phylotypes have emerged as candidate pathogens based on detection in several studies and/or high prevalence. Now that a comprehensive inventory of the endodontic microbial taxa has been established, future research should focus on the association with different disease conditions, functional roles in the community, and susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Siqueira
- Department of Endodontics and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Av. Alfredo Baltazar da Silveira, 580/cobertura, Recreio, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Abstract
As the breadth of bacterial diversity in the oral cavity has been deciphered by molecular studies, several newly identified species/phylotypes have emerged as potential pathogens. We hypothesized that many of these species/phylotypes could also be involved with the etiology of endodontic abscesses. Abscess aspirates from 42 persons were analyzed for the presence of 81 species/phylotypes by means of a reverse-capture checkerboard hybridization assay. Associations between the most frequently detected taxa were calculated. The most prevalent taxa were Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Other frequently found taxa included Olsenella uli, streptococci, Eikenella corrodens, some as-yet-uncultivated phylotypes (Bacteroidetes clone X083 and Synergistes clone BA121), and newly named species (Prevotella baroniae and Dialister invisus). Several positive bacterial associations were disclosed. Findings not only strengthen the association of many cultivable species with abscesses, but also include some newly named species and uncultivated phylotypes in the set of candidate pathogens associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Siqueira
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Av. Alfredo Baltazar da Silveira, 580/Cobertura, Recreio, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Woo P, Lau S, Teng J, Tse H, Yuen KY. Then and now: use of 16S rDNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification and discovery of novel bacteria in clinical microbiology laboratories. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:908-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 524] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Jacinto RC, Gomes BPFA, Desai M, Rajendram D, Shah HN. Bacterial examination of endodontic infections by clonal analysis in concert with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 22:403-10. [PMID: 17949344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2007.00378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the diversity of bacterial species in the infected root canals of teeth associated with endodontic abscesses by cloning and sequencing techniques in concert with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. METHODS Samples collected from five infected root canals were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with universal 16S ribosomal DNA primers. Products of these PCRs were cloned and sequenced. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was used as a screening method to reduce the number of clones necessary for DNA sequencing. RESULTS All samples were positive for the presence of bacteria and a range of 7-13 different bacteria were found per root canal sample. In total, 48 different oral clones were detected among the five root canal samples. Olsenella profusa was the only species present in all samples. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Dialister pneumosintes, Dialister invisus, Lachnospiraceae oral clone, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Peptostreptococcus micros and Enterococcus faecalis were found in two of the five samples. The majority of the taxa were present in only one sample, for example Tannerella forsythia, Shuttleworthia satelles and Filifactor alocis. Some facultative anaerobes that are frequently isolated from endodontic infections such as E. faecalis, Streptococcus anginosus and Lactobacillus spp. were also found in this study. CONCLUSION Clonal analysis of the microflora associated with endodontic infections revealed a wide diversity of oral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Jacinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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13
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Rôças IN, Siqueira JF. Detection of novel oral species and phylotypes in symptomatic endodontic infections including abscesses. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2005; 250:279-85. [PMID: 16099112 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2005] [Revised: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 07/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of several uncultivated phylotypes and newly named bacterial species in symptomatic endodontic infections. Samples taken from cases clinically diagnosed as acute periradicular abscesses or acute periradicular periodontitis were surveyed for the presence of 12 taxa by means of a 16S rRNA-gene-based nested or hemi-nested PCR assay. The most prevalent of the target taxa were Dialister invisus, Olsenella uli, Granulicatella adiacens, and Synergistes clones BA121 and E3_33. Findings revealed that novel phylotypes and newly named species can take part in the microbiota associated with symptomatic endodontic infections and a pathogenetic role is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela N Rôças
- Department of Endodontics, Estácio de Sá University, Av. Almte Ary Parreiras 311/1001, Icaraí, Niterói, RJ 24230-322, Brazil
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