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Impact of Swine and Cattle Manure Treatment on the Microbial Composition and Resistome of Soil and Drainage Water. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010017. [PMID: 36677309 PMCID: PMC9865870 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating potential environmental and clinical impacts of industrial antibiotic use is critical in mitigating the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Using soil columns to simulate field application of swine or cattle manure and subsequent rain events, and a targeted qPCR-based approach, we tracked resistance genes from source manures and identified important differences in antimicrobial resistance gene transport and enrichment over time in the soil and water of artificially drained cropland. The source manures had distinct microbial community and resistance gene profiles, and these differences were also reflected in the soil columns after manure application. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were only significantly enriched in effluent samples following the first rain event (day 11) for both soil types compared to the control columns, illustrating the high background level of resistance present in the control soils chosen. For swine, the genes tetQ, tet(36), tet44, tetM, sul2 and ant(6)-ib persisted in the soil columns, whereas tetO, strB and sul1 persisted in effluent samples. Conversely, for cattle manure sul2 and strB persisted in both soil and effluent. The distinct temporal dynamics of ARG distribution between soil and effluent water for each manure type can be used to inform potential mitigation strategies in the future.
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Yu Y, Li H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Liao M, Rong X, Li B, Wang C, Ge J, Zhang X. Antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic characteristics of Vibrio alginolyticus isolates from aquatic environment in costal mariculture areas in China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114219. [PMID: 36335689 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus has been the second most common Vibrio species in the world and mainly grows in the ocean or estuary environment, which can induce epidemics outbreaks under marine organisms, and causing serious economic losses in aquaculture industry. In this study, the genetic populations and evolutionary relationship analysis of V. alginolyticus isolated from different geographical locations in China with typical interannual differences were exhibited originally genetic diversity. Then the virulence genes prevalence, antibiotic resistance phenotype, and antimicrobial resistance genes risk diversity of V. alginolyticus were analyzed by phenotypic and molecular typing methods. And they were complex correlations among antibiotic phenotypes, resistance and virulence genes under different genotype of V. alginolyticus. The results provide a theoretical foundation for further understanding the genetic and metabolic diversity among V. alginolyticus in China, and lay a theoretical foundation for the transmission risk assessment and regional diagnosis of Vibrio in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Hao Li
- Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Yingeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Meijie Liao
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Rong
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Chunyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Jianlong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
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Wang Z, Li H, Zhang J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang H. Identification of a novel plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance-related gene, tet(Y), in Acinetobacter baumannii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 77:58-68. [PMID: 34634801 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize a novel plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance-related gene, tet(Y), in a clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolate from China. METHODS The tet(Y)-encoded tigecycline-resistant A. baumannii 2016GDAB1 was screened through antimicrobial susceptibility testing and WGS. The function of tet(Y) was verified by complementation of tet(Y). The plasmid transferability and stability were detected via plasmid conjugation and in vitro bacterial passaging. The 3D structure of Tet(Y) was predicted and docked using tFold and AutoDock Vina. RESULTS The tigecycline-resistant A. baumannii 2016GDAB1 was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a patient with hospital-acquired pneumonia. However, this strain did not harbour any common tigecycline resistance genes, determinants or mutations. 2016GDAB1 belongs to the non-epidemic clone ST355 (Oxford scheme), which has been mainly reported in animals. The tet(Y) gene was located on a 72 156 bp plasmid and genomic environment analysis revealed that Tn5393 may play a role in tet(Y) transmission, whereas phylogenetic analysis indicated the origin of tet(Y) as from Aeromonas. Overexpression of tet(Y) resulted in a 2- to 4-fold increase in tigecycline MIC. Introduction of the tet(Y)-harbouring plasmid p2016GDAB1 via electroporation resulted in a 16-fold increase in tigecycline MIC but failed to transfer into the tigecycline-susceptible A. baumannii recipient via conjugation. Isolates carrying the tet(Y) gene were vulnerable to tigecycline pressure and exhibited decreased susceptibility to tigecycline. A tet(Y)-carrying plasmid was stably maintained in the host strains. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the tigecycline resistance-related gene tet(Y) in A. baumannii. This gene conferred an increased tigecycline MIC and the transposable element Tn5393 may play a role in its transmission across isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiren Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Henan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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De Silva LADS, Wickramanayake MVKS, Heo GJ. Occurrence of Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Vibrio harveyi Isolated from Marine Food Fish Cultured in Korea. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 28:255-265. [PMID: 34569863 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a significant cause of infection in both marine animals and humans. It has been reported frequently in seafood-borne infections worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the potential health impact of the V. harveyi isolated from marine food fish cultured in Korea concerning their virulence and antimicrobial resistance. A total of 49 V. harveyi samples were isolated by biochemical tests and multiplex PCR. Phenotypic detection of virulence factors resulted DNase activity (81.63%), hemolysis (α = 75.51% and β = 12.25), gelatinase activity (71.43%), protease production (71.43%), phospholipase activity (65.31%), and lipase production (34.69%). Virulence genes, including VPI, tlh, tdh, toxR, VAC, and ctxAB, were detected in 57.14%, 44.90%, 36.73%, 22.45%, 12.24%, and 8.16% of the isolates, respectively. Resistance to ampicillin (77.55%), oxacillin (69.39%), nalidixic acid (53.06%), amoxicillin (46.94%), oxytetracycline (46.94%), colistin sulfate (34.69%), fosfomycin (34.69%), chloramphenicol (32.65%), streptomycin (32.65%), cephalothin (28.57%), oxytetracycline (26.53%), ceftriaxone (20.41%), erythromycin (14.29%), and cefoxitin (12.24%) was detected in disc diffusion assay. Most of the isolates were classified as multidrug resistant as they scored multiple antimicrobial resistance index ≥0.2. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance genes tetB, qnrA, intI1 (Class 1 integron integrase), aac(6')-Ib, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, strA-strB, tetA, aphAI-IAB, qnrC, qnrS, and blaTEM were found in 81.63%, 67.35%, 61.22%, 46.94%, 44.90%, 44.90%, 36.73%, 18.37%, 10.20%, 10.20%, 8.16% and 6.12% of the isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the development of antimicrobial resistance among V. harveyi will ultimately reduce the efficacy of antimicrobials used for treating and can favor the development of more virulent V. harveyi strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyana Arachchilage Dinithi S De Silva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Gang-Joon Heo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Long S, Tong H, Zhang X, Jia S, Chen M, Liu C. Heavy Metal Tolerance Genes Associated With Contaminated Sediments From an E-Waste Recycling River in Southern China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:665090. [PMID: 34054770 PMCID: PMC8155521 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.665090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution that results from electronic waste (e-waste) recycling activities has severe ecological environmental toxicity impacts on recycling areas. The distribution of heavy metals and the impact on the bacteria in these areas have received much attention. However, the diversity and composition of the microbial communities and the characteristics of heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) in the river sediments after long-term e-waste contamination still remain unclear. In this study, eight river sediment samples along a river in a recycling area were studied for the heavy metal concentration and the microbial community composition. The microbial community consisted of 13 phyla including Firmicutes (ranging from 10.45 to 36.63%), Proteobacteria (11.76 to 32.59%), Actinobacteria (14.81 to 27.45%), and unclassified bacteria. The abundance of Firmicutes increased along with the level of contaminants, while Actinobacteria decreased. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the concentration of mercury was significantly correlated with the microbial community and species distribution, which agreed with an analysis of the potential ecological risk index. Moreover, manually curated HMRGs were established, and the HMRG analysis results according to Illumina high-throughput sequencing showed that the abundance of HMRGs was positively related to the level of contamination, demonstrating a variety of resistance mechanisms to adapt, accommodate, and live under heavy metal-contaminated conditions. These findings increase the understanding of the changes in microbial communities in e-waste recycling areas and extend our knowledge of the HMRGs involved in the recovery of the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.,College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Tong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Manjia Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Chen Z, Yu D, He S, Ye H, Zhang L, Wen Y, Zhang W, Shu L, Chen S. Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Drinking Water Sources in Hangzhou City. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1133. [PMID: 28670309 PMCID: PMC5472731 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the distribution of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and examined the possible relationship between water quality parameters and antibiotic resistance from two different drinking water sources (the Qiantang River and the Dongtiao Stream) in Hangzhou city of China. E. coli isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 18 antibiotics. Most of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (TE), followed by ampicillin (AM), piperacillin (PIP), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT), and chloramphenicol (C). The antibiotic resistance rate of E. coli isolates from two water sources was similar; For E. coli isolates from the Qiantang River, their antibiotic resistance rates decreased from up- to downstream. Seasonally, the dry and wet season had little impact on antibiotic resistance. Spearman's rank correlation revealed significant correlation between resistance to TE and phenicols or ciprofloxacin (CIP), as well as quinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) and cephalosporins or gentamicin (GM). Pearson's chi-square tests found certain water parameters such as nutrient concentration were strongly associated with resistance to some of the antibiotics. In addition, tet genes were detected from all 82 TE-resistant E. coli isolates, and most of the isolates (81.87%) contained multiple tet genes, which displayed 14 different combinations. Collectively, this study provided baseline data on antibiotic resistance of drinking water sources in Hangzhou city, which indicates drinking water sources could be the reservoir of antibiotic resistance, potentially presenting a public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou, China
| | - Daojun Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's HospitalHangzhou, China
| | - Songzhe He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guilin Medical University Affiliated HospitalGuilin, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Automatic Monitoring, Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring CenterHangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Dean's Office, Hangzhou Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational DiseasesHangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wen
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou, China
| | - Liping Shu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou, China
| | - Shuchang Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou, China
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Madoshi BP, Kudirkiene E, Mtambo MMA, Muhairwa AP, Lupindu AM, Olsen JE. Characterisation of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolated from Apparently Healthy Cattle and Their Attendants in Tanzania. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168160. [PMID: 27977751 PMCID: PMC5158034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While pathogenic types of Escherichia coli are well characterized, relatively little is known about the commensal E. coli flora. In the current study, antimicrobial resistance in commensal E. coli and distribution of ERIC-PCR genotypes among isolates of such bacteria from cattle and cattle attendants on cattle farms in Tanzania were investigated. Seventeen E. coli genomes representing different ERIC-PCR types of commensal E. coli were sequenced in order to determine their possible importance as a reservoir for both antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors. Both human and cattle isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (40.8% and 33.1%), sulphamethazole-trimethoprim (49.0% and 8.8%) and ampicillin (44.9% and 21.3%). However, higher proportion of resistant E. coli and higher frequency of resistance to more than two antimicrobials was found in isolates from cattle attendants than isolates from cattle. Sixteen out of 66 ERIC-PCR genotypes were shared between the two hosts, and among these ones, seven types contained isolates from cattle and cattle attendants from the same farm, suggesting transfer of strains between hosts. Genome-wide analysis showed that the majority of the sequenced cattle isolates were assigned to phylogroups B1, while human isolates represented phylogroups A, C, D and E. In general, in silico resistome and virulence factor identification did not reveal differences between hosts or phylogroups, except for lpfA and iss found to be cattle and B1 phylogroup specific. The most frequent plasmids replicon genes found in strains from both hosts were of IncF type, which are commonly associated with carriage of antimicrobial and virulence genes. Commensal E. coli from cattle and attendants were found to share same genotypes and to carry antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes associated with both intra and extraintestinal E. coli pathotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balichene P. Madoshi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
- Livestock Training Agency – Mpwapwa Campus, Mpwapwa, Dodoma
| | - Egle Kudirkiene
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Madundo M. A. Mtambo
- Tanzania Industrial Research Developments Organisation, TIRDO Complex, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Amandus P. Muhairwa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Athumani M. Lupindu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - John E. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Guo Q, Spychala CN, McElheny CL, Doi Y. Comparative analysis of an IncR plasmid carrying armA, blaDHA-1 and qnrB4 from Klebsiella pneumoniae ST37 isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:882-6. [PMID: 26747096 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis with reported IncR plasmids of a Klebsiella pneumoniae IncR plasmid carrying an MDR region. METHODS MDR K. pneumoniae isolates were serially identified from two inpatients at a hospital in the USA in 2014. MDR plasmid pYDC676 was fully sequenced, annotated and compared with related plasmids. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PFGE and MLST were also conducted. RESULTS The K. pneumoniae isolates were identical by PFGE, belonged to ST37 and harboured an identical ∼50 kb IncR plasmid (pYDC676). pYDC676 possessed the backbone and multi-IS loci closely related to IncR plasmids reported from aquatic bacteria, as well as animal and human K. pneumoniae strains, and carried an MDR region consisting of armA, blaDHA-1 and qnrB4, a combination that has been reported in IncR plasmids from K. pneumoniae ST11 strains in Europe and Asia. A plasmid with the identical IncR backbone and a similar MDR region containing blaDHA-1 and qnrB4 has also been reported in ST37 strains from Europe, suggesting potential dissemination of this lineage of IncR plasmids in K. pneumoniae ST37. CONCLUSIONS K. pneumoniae ST37 strains with an MDR IncR plasmid carrying armA, blaDHA-1 and qnrB4 were identified in a hospital in the USA, where these resistance genes remain rare. The IncR backbone may play a role in the global dissemination of these resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Guo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Caressa Nicole Spychala
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christi Lee McElheny
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Jechalke S, Kopmann C, Rosendahl I, Groeneweg J, Weichelt V, Krögerrecklenfort E, Brandes N, Nordwig M, Ding GC, Siemens J, Heuer H, Smalla K. Increased abundance and transferability of resistance genes after field application of manure from sulfadiazine-treated pigs. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:1704-11. [PMID: 23315733 PMCID: PMC3591935 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03172-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spreading manure containing antibiotics in agriculture is assumed to stimulate the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in soil bacterial populations. Plant roots influencing the soil environment and its microflora by exudation of growth substrates might considerably increase this effect. In this study, the effects of manure from pigs treated with sulfadiazine (SDZ), here called SDZ manure, on the abundance and transferability of sulfonamide resistance genes sul1 and sul2 in the rhizosphere of maize and grass were compared to the effects in bulk soil in a field experiment. In plots that repeatedly received SDZ manure, a significantly higher abundance of both sul genes was detected compared to that in plots where manure from untreated pigs was applied. Significantly lower abundances of sul genes relative to bacterial ribosomal genes were encountered in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. However, in contrast to results for bulk soil, the sul gene abundance in the SDZ manure-treated rhizosphere constantly deviated from control treatments over a period of 6 weeks after manuring, suggesting ongoing antibiotic selection over this period. Transferability of sulfonamide resistance was analyzed by capturing resistance plasmids from soil communities into Escherichia coli. Increased rates of plasmid capture were observed in samples from SDZ manure-treated bulk soil and the rhizosphere of maize and grass. More than 97% of the captured plasmids belonged to the LowGC type (having low G+C content), giving further evidence for their important contribution to the environmental spread of antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, differences between bulk soil and rhizosphere need to be considered when assessing the risks associated with the spreading of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jechalke
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Kopmann
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingrid Rosendahl
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Ecology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joost Groeneweg
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences 3, Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Viola Weichelt
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ellen Krögerrecklenfort
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nikola Brandes
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mathias Nordwig
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guo-Chun Ding
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Siemens
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Ecology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Holger Heuer
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kornelia Smalla
- Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
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Mai Z, Yang J, Tian X, Li J, Zhang S. Gene cloning and characterization of a novel salt-tolerant and glucose-enhanced β-glucosidase from a marine streptomycete. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 169:1512-22. [PMID: 23319184 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-0080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The gene BglNH encoding a β-glucosidase was cloned from a marine streptomycete. Sequence analysis revealed that BglNH encoded a 456-aa peptide with a calculated mass of 51 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of BglNH showed the highest identities of 61 % with known β-glucosidases and contained a catalytic domain which belonged to the glycoside hydrolase family 1. The gene BglNH was expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme (r-BglNH) was purified. The optimum pH and temperature of r-BglNH were pH6.0 and 45 °C, respectively. The r-BglNH displayed the typical salt-tolerant and glucose-enhanced characteristics. Its activity was remarkably enhanced in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl (rose more than 1.6-fold) and 0.1 M glucose (rose more than 1.4-fold). Moreover, r-BglNH displayed good pH stability and metal tolerance. It remained stable after incubating with buffers from pH4.0 to 10.0, and most metal ions had no significant inhibition on its activity. These properties indicate that r-BglNH is an ideal candidate for further research and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimao Mai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization CAS, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, People's Republic of China
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Zhao JY, Dang H. Coastal seawater bacteria harbor a large reservoir of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Jiaozhou Bay, China. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2012; 64:187-199. [PMID: 22252223 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-012-0008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Diversity and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants were investigated in environmental bacteria isolated from surface seawater of Jiaozhou Bay, China. Five qnr gene alleles were identified in 34 isolates by PCR amplification, including qnrA3 gene in a Shewanella algae isolate, qnrB9 gene in a Citrobacter freundii isolate, qnrD gene in 22 Proteus vulgaris isolates, qnrS1 gene in 1 Enterobacter sp. and 4 Klebsiella spp. isolates, and qnrS2 gene in 1 Pseudomonas sp. and 4 Pseudoalteromonas sp. isolates. The qnrC, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA genes could not be detected in this study. The 22 qnrD-positive Proteus vulgaris isolates could be differentiated into four genotypes based on ERIC-PCR assay. The qnrS1 and qnrD genes could be transferred to Escherichia coli J53 Azi(R) or E. coli TOP10 recipient strains using conjugation or transformation methods. Among the 34 qnr-positive isolates, 30 had a single point mutation in the QRDRs of GyrA protein (Ala67Ser, Ser83Ile, or Ser83Thr), indicating that cooperation of chromosome- and plasmid-mediated resistance contributed to the spread and evolution of quinolone resistance in this coastal bay. Eighty-five percent of the isolates were also found to be resistant to ampicillin, and bla(CMY), bla(OXY), bla(SHV), and bla(TEM) genes were detected in five isolates that also harbored the qnrB9 or qnrS1 gene. Our current study is the first identification of qnrS2 gene in Pseudoalteromonas and Pseudomonas strains, and qnrD gene in Proteus vulgaris strains. High prevalence of diverse qnr genes in Jiaozhou Bay indicates that coastal seawater may serve as an important reservoir, natural source, and dissemination vehicle of quinolone resistance determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, University of Shandong (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao, China
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New sequence types and multidrug resistance among pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from coastal marine sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:3916-22. [PMID: 22447595 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07820-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms is widely recognized, but data about their sources, presence, and significance in marine environments are still limited. We examined 109 Escherichia coli strains from coastal marine sediments carrying virulence genes for antibiotic susceptibility, specific resistance genes, prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons, and sequence type. Antibiotic resistance was found in 35% of strains, and multiple resistances were found in 14%; the resistances detected most frequently were against tetracycline (28%), ampicillin (16.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13%), and streptomycin (7%). The highest prevalence of resistant strains was in phylogenetic group A, whereas phylogroup B2 exhibited a significantly lower frequency than all the other groups. Sixty percent of multiresistant strains harbored class 1 or 2 integrase genes, and about 50% carried resistance genes (particularly dfrA and aadA) linked to a class 1 integron. Multilocus sequence typing of 14 selected strains identified eight different types characteristic of extraintestinal pathogens and three new allelic combinations. Our data suggest that coastal marine sediment may be a suitable environment for the survival of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant E. coli strains capable of contributing to resistance spread via integrons among benthic bacteria, and they highlight a role for these strains in the emergence of new virulent genotypes.
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Yang J, Zhao G, Sun Y, Zheng Y, Jiang X, Liu W, Xian M. Bio-isoprene production using exogenous MVA pathway and isoprene synthase in Escherichia coli. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 104:642-7. [PMID: 22133602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an original strategy is employed to biosynthesize the isoprene by heterologously co-expressing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MVA pathway and isoprene synthase (IspS) from Populus alba in the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain, which was screened from three different IspS enzymes. The finally genetic strain YJM13 harboring the MVA pathway and ispS(Pa) gene could accumulate isoprene up to 2.48 mg/l and 532 mg/l under the flask and fed-batch fermentation conditions, respectively, which is about three times and five times to the control strain. The result proves to be higher than that in the report documents. In this way, a potential production system for isoprene from renewable sources via the MVA pathway in E. coli has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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