1
|
Basnet P, Skjaerven R, Sørbye LM, Morken NH, Klungsøyr K, Singh A, Mannseth J, Harmon QE, Kvalvik LG. Long-term cardiovascular mortality in women with twin pregnancies by lifetime reproductive history. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2023; 37:19-27. [PMID: 36173007 PMCID: PMC10087704 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with one lifetime singleton pregnancy have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality compared with women who continue reproduction particularly if the pregnancy had complications. Women with twins have higher risk of pregnancy complications, but CVD mortality risk in women with twin pregnancies has not been fully described. OBJECTIVES We estimated risk of long-term CVD mortality in women with naturally conceived twins compared to women with singleton pregnancies, accounting for lifetime number of pregnancies and pregnancy complications. METHODS Using linked data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, we identified 974,892 women with first pregnancy registered between 1967 and 2013, followed to 2020. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for maternal CVD mortality were estimated by Cox regression for various reproductive history (exposure categories): (1) Only one twin pregnancy, (2) Only one singleton pregnancy, (3) Only two singleton pregnancies, (4) A first twin pregnancy and continued reproduction, (5) A first singleton pregnancy and twins in later reproduction and (6) Three singleton pregnancies (the referent group). Exposure categories were also stratified by pregnancy complications (pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery or perinatal loss). RESULTS Women with one lifetime pregnancy, twin or singleton, had increased risk of CVD mortality (adjusted hazard [HR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 2.43 and aHR 1.92, 95% CI 1.78, 2.07, respectively), compared with the referent of three singleton pregnancies. The hazard ratios for CVD mortality among women with one lifetime pregnancy with any complication were 2.36 (95% CI 1.49, 3.71) and 3.56 (95% CI 3.12, 4.06) for twins and singletons, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Women with only one pregnancy, twin or singleton, had increased long-term CVD mortality, however highest in women with singletons. In addition, twin mothers who continued reproduction had similar CVD mortality compared to women with three singleton pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Basnet
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolv Skjaerven
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Marie Sørbye
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Research Centre for Women's Health, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils-Halvdan Morken
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kari Klungsøyr
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division for Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Janne Mannseth
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Quaker E Harmon
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liv Grimstvedt Kvalvik
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chaudhari S, Cushen SC, Osikoya O, Jaini PA, Posey R, Mathis KW, Goulopoulou S. Mechanisms of Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Function and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2018; 9:375-411. [PMID: 30549017 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate disparities between men and women in cardiovascular disease prevalence, clinical symptoms, treatments, and outcomes. Enrollment of women in clinical trials is lower than men, and experimental studies investigating molecular mechanisms and efficacy of certain therapeutics in cardiovascular disease have been primarily conducted in male animals. These practices bias data interpretation and limit the implication of research findings in female clinical populations. This review will focus on the biological origins of sex differences in cardiovascular physiology, health, and disease, with an emphasis on the sex hormones, estrogen and testosterone. First, we will briefly discuss epidemiological evidence of sex disparities in cardiovascular disease prevalence and clinical manifestation. Second, we will describe studies suggesting sexual dimorphism in normal cardiovascular function from fetal life to older age. Third, we will summarize and critically discuss the current literature regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of estrogens and androgens on cardiac and vascular physiology and the contribution of these hormones to sex differences in cardiovascular disease. Fourth, we will present cardiovascular disease risk factors that are positively associated with the female sex, and thus, contributing to increased cardiovascular risk in women. We conclude that inclusion of both men and women in the investigation of the role of estrogens and androgens in cardiovascular physiology will advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying sex differences in cardiovascular disease. In addition, investigating the role of sex-specific factors in the development of cardiovascular disease will reduce sex and gender disparities in the treatment and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:375-411, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Spencer C Cushen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Oluwatobiloba Osikoya
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Paresh A Jaini
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Posey
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Keisa W Mathis
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Damiati S. Serum Levels of Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine in Women with Vitamin D Deficiency and History of Pregnancy Loss - A Pilot Study. J Med Biochem 2018; 37:441-447. [PMID: 30584403 PMCID: PMC6298471 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2017-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to be associated with pregnancy loss. Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (SDMA) are arginine analogues that have direct and indirect effects on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate ADMA and SDMA levels among women with history of pregnancy loss compared to women without history of pregnancy loss and all participants were suffering from vitamin D deficiency. METHODS To investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and ADMA and SDMA, both groups of women were experiencing vitamin D deficiency. All women enrolled in this study had a vitamin D level below 75 nmol/L and were not pregnant. ADMA and SDMA levels were investigated in 28 women without a history of pregnancy loss and 19 women with a history of pregnancy loss. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in ADMA and SDMA levels among the two groups. The correlation analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency was not significantly inversely correlated with ADMA and SDMA in women without a history of pregnancy loss, but was significantly correlated with SDMA in women with a history of pregnancy loss. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency, in women with or without a history of failed clinical pregnancies, has no effect on the circulating levels of ADMA and SDMA. Further studies are needed to investigate any possible link between these parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Damiati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Contreras-Duarte S, Carvajal L, Fuenzalida B, Cantin C, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Maternal Dyslipidaemia in Pregnancy with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Possible Impact on Foetoplacental Vascular Function and Lipoproteins in the Neonatal Circulation. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:52-71. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161115666171116154247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia occurs in pregnancy to secure foetal development. The mother shows a physiological
increase in plasma total cholesterol and Triglycerides (TG) as pregnancy progresses (i.e. maternal
physiological dyslipidaemia in pregnancy). However, in some women pregnancy-associated dyslipidaemia
exceeds this physiological adaptation. The consequences of this condition on the developing
fetus include endothelial dysfunction of the foetoplacental vasculature and development of foetal aortic
atherosclerosis. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) associates with abnormal function of the foetoplacental
vasculature due to foetal hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia, and associates with development
of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Supraphysiological dyslipidaemia is also detected in
GDM pregnancies. Although there are several studies showing the alteration in the maternal and neonatal
lipid profile in GDM pregnancies, there are no studies addressing the effect of dyslipidaemia in the
maternal and foetal vasculature. The literature reviewed suggests that dyslipidaemia in GDM pregnancy
should be an additional factor contributing to worsen GDM-associated endothelial dysfunction by altering
signalling pathways involving nitric oxide bioavailability and neonatal lipoproteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Contreras-Duarte
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Lorena Carvajal
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Bárbara Fuenzalida
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Claudette Cantin
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Andrea Leiva
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Plasma Homoarginine Concentrations According to Use of Hormonal Contraception. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12217. [PMID: 30111829 PMCID: PMC6093891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is a potent vasodilator through activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Arginine and its homologue homoarginine are substrates for NOS, while asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a NOS inhibitor. Healthy, never-pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years (n = 158) were categorized according to use of hormonal contraception into non-users (n = 76), users of estrogen contraceptives (EC-users, n = 58) and users of progestins-only contraceptives (PC-users, n = 24). Plasma homoarginine, arginine, ADMA and SDMA concentrations were assayed using a LC-MS/MS method. Compared to non-users, EC users had higher plasma homoarginine (median (interquartile range) 1.63 (1.24, 2.04) vs. 2.39 (2.05, 2.85) µmol/L, p < 0.001), lower arginine (80.8 (72.4, 94.3) vs. 72.1 (62.9, 85.1) µmol/L, p = 0.008) and ADMA (0.52 (0.46, 0.59) vs. 0.48 (0.42, 0.54) µmol/L, p = 0.003) concentrations. The lowest median plasma homoarginine concentration (1.34 (0.92, 1.75) µmol) was seen in PC-users. No differences were seen in SDMA concentrations according to use of hormonal contraception. In healthy, never-pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years, use of estrogen containing contraception was associated with significantly higher plasma concentrations of homoarginine and lower plasma concentrations of arginine and ADMA as compared to non-users, while the lowest plasma homoarginine concentrations were seen in progestin-only users. Whether the observed changes in relation to use of hormonal contraception have an impact on cardiovascular status, should be evaluated in an intervention study.
Collapse
|
6
|
Is there a differential impact of parity on factors regulating maternal peripheral resistance? Hypertens Res 2016; 39:737-743. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
Papageorgiou N, Androulakis E, Papaioannou S, Antoniades C, Tousoulis D. Homoarginine in the shadow of asymmetric dimethylarginine: from nitric oxide to cardiovascular disease. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1741-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Opposite associations of plasma homoarginine and ornithine with arginine in healthy children and adolescents. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21819-32. [PMID: 24192823 PMCID: PMC3856037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Homoarginine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid, is formed when lysine replaces ornithine in reactions catalyzed by hepatic urea cycle enzymes or lysine substitutes for glycine as a substrate of renal arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. Decreased circulating homoarginine and elevated ornithine, a downstream product of arginase, predict adverse cardiovascular outcome. Our aim was to investigate correlates of plasma homoarginine and ornithine and their relations with carotid vascular structure in 40 healthy children and adolescents aged 3–18 years without coexistent diseases or subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Homoarginine, ornithine, arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with stable isotope-labeled internal standards. Intima-media thickness (IMT) and extra-medial thickness (EMT) of common carotid arteries were estimated by B-mode ultrasound. Homoarginine correlated with arginine (r = 0.43, p = 0.005), age (r = 0.42, p = 0.007) and, weakly, with an increased arginine-to-ornithine ratio, a putative measure of lower arginase activity (r = 0.31, p = 0.048). Ornithine correlated inversely with arginine (r = −0.64, p < 0.001). IMT, EMT or their sum were unrelated to any of the biochemical parameters (p > 0.12). Thus, opposite associations of plasma homoarginine and ornithine with arginine may partially result from possible involvement of arginase, an enzyme controlling homoarginine degradation and ornithine synthesis from arginine. Age-dependency of homoarginine levels can reflect developmental changes in homoarginine metabolism. However, neither homoarginine nor ornithine appears to be associated with carotid vascular structure in healthy children and adolescents.
Collapse
|
9
|
Leiva A, de Medina CD, Salsoso R, Sáez T, San Martín S, Abarzúa F, Farías M, Guzmán-Gutiérrez E, Pardo F, Sobrevia L. Maternal Hypercholesterolemia in Pregnancy Associates With Umbilical Vein Endothelial Dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2444-53. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Human pregnancy that courses with maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia (MSPH) correlates with atherosclerotic lesions in fetal arteries. It is known that hypercholesterolemia associates with endothelial dysfunction in adults, a phenomenon where nitric oxide (NO) and arginase are involved. However, nothing is reported on potential alterations in the fetoplacental endothelial function in MSPH. The aim of this study was to determine whether MSPH alters fetal vascular reactivity via endothelial arginase/urea and
l
-arginine transport/NO signaling pathways.
Approach and Results—
Total cholesterol <280 mg/dL was considered as maternal physiological hypercholesterolemia (n=46 women) and ≥280 mg/dL as MSPH (n=28 women). Maternal but not fetal total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were elevated in MSPH. Umbilical veins were used for vascular reactivity assays (wire myography), and primary cultures of umbilical vein endothelial cells to determine arginase, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and human cationic amino acid transporter 1 and human cationic amino acid transporter 2A/B expression and activity. MSPH reduced calcitonine gene–related peptide-umbilical vein relaxation and increased intima/media ratio (histochemistry), as well as reduced eNOS activity (
l
-citrulline synthesis from
l
-arginine, eNOS phosphorylation/dephosphorylation), but increased arginase activity and arginase II protein abundance. Arginase inhibition increased eNOS activity and
l
-arginine transport capacity without altering human cationic amino acid transporter 1 or human cationic amino acid transporter 2A/B protein abundance in maternal physiological hypercholesterolemia and MSPH.
Conclusions—
MSPH is a pathophysiological condition altering umbilical vein reactivity because of fetal endothelial dysfunction associated with arginase and eNOS signaling imbalance. We speculate that elevated maternal circulating cholesterol is a factor leading to fetal endothelial dysfunction, which could have serious consequences to the growing fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leiva
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Camila Diez de Medina
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Rocío Salsoso
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Tamara Sáez
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Sebastián San Martín
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Fernando Abarzúa
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Marcelo Farías
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Enrique Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Fabián Pardo
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- From the Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A.L., C.D.d.M., R.S., T.S., F.A., M.F., E.G.-G., F.P., L.S.); Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (S.S.M.); Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clínica Alemana, Temuco, Chile (F.A.); and the University of Queensland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang W, Wang XP, Yu ZW, Wang LS, Zhu Y, Yu XF, Wu K, Zeng Y, Xu MY. Hyperlipidemic versus healthy pancreases: a proteomic analysis using an animal model. IUBMB Life 2011; 62:781-9. [PMID: 20981735 DOI: 10.1002/iub.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is associated with a variety of pancreatic diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of pancreatic tissue obtained from hyperlipidemic rats to identify proteins that may be involved in mediating hyperlipidemia-associated pancreatic injury. Rats were fed a high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia. Control rats were fed a diet with normal fat content. Pancreatic tissue samples were obtained after 6 or 12 weeks and comparative proteomic analysis, using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, was conducted to identify proteins, the expression of which were altered in pancreases from hyperlipidemic compared with control rat pancreases. The expression levels of 3 of 13 proteins were significantly altered in pancreatic samples from hyperlipidemic rats. Alpha-amylase and arginase II were dysregulated by more than twofold. These modulations persisted in pancreatic tissue obtained from late-stage hyperlipidemic rats. The levels of alpha-amylase and arginase II were significantly altered in pancreases obtained from rats with hyperlipidemia. These enzymes may be putative biomarkers of hyperlipidemia-mediated pancreatic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital, Fu Dan University School of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Skilton MR, Bonnet F, Begg LM, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Viikari JSA, Raitakari OT. Childbearing, Child-Rearing, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. Stroke 2010; 41:1332-7. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.579219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Parity is associated with the risk of clinical cardiovascular events and the severity of preclinical atherosclerosis in older subjects. We sought to determine whether childbearing is associated with concurrent changes in cardiovascular risk factors and the progression of carotid intima-media thickness.
Methods—
We examined the association between the number of children born during a 6-year period and concurrent changes in cardiovascular risk factors and progression of carotid intima-media thickness in men and women of reproductive age from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. Complete data for parity and carotid intima-media thickness were available for 1786 subjects (1005 females, 781 males).
Results—
For females, childbirth during the 6-year follow-up was associated with concurrent reductions in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (
P
trend
<0.0001), apolipoprotein A-I (
P
trend
<0.0001), and apolipoprotein B (
P
trend
=0.01); a redistribution of adiposity to abdominal deposits; and increased progression of carotid intima-media thickness (7.5±3.2 μm/birth [mean±SEM],
P
=0.02). The association of childbirth with carotid intima-media thickness progression was not greatly modified by adjustment for concurrent changes in cardiovascular risk factors (fully adjusted:
P
=0.05). This association was significantly stronger in females than males (
P
heterogeneity
=0.001), who served as a control group exposed to the social and lifestyle influences of child-rearing but not the biological influences of childbearing.
Conclusions—
The progression of carotid atherosclerosis over a 6-year period is increased in females who gave birth during the same period, independent of traditional risk factors. Mechanisms that underlie this observation possibly include parity-induced changes in nontraditional risk factors or an acute influence of pregnancy itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Skilton
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Fabrice Bonnet
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Lisa M. Begg
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Markus Juonala
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Mika Kähönen
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Jorma S. A. Viikari
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (F.B.), Endocrinology Unit, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (M.J., J.S.A.V.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (M.J., O.T.R.), University of
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Braekke K, Ueland PM, Harsem NK, Staff AC. Asymmetric dimethylarginine in the maternal and fetal circulation in preeclampsia. Pediatr Res 2009; 66:411-5. [PMID: 19581842 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181b33392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Endothelial dysfunction is the common final pathway leading to clinical signs of preeclampsia including hypertension and proteinuria. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of NOS and induces endothelial dysfunction by reversibly inhibiting NO production from l-arginine. The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal and fetal concentrations of ADMA, l-arginine, and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA). Women with preeclampsia (n = 47) and controls (n = 51) who gave birth by cesarean section were included in the study. We analyzed the maternal plasma and umbilical vein and artery plasma. We found that not only maternal concentrations of ADMA and SDMA but also l-arginine were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia than in controls. In fetal samples, only SDMA concentrations were higher in the preeclampsia group than in controls. The median ADMA concentration was three times higher in the fetal circulation than in the maternal circulation, but there was no difference between the preeclampsia group and the control group, and the veno-arterious gradient indicated that the placenta was the source of ADMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Braekke
- Department of Paediatrics, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo 0407, Norway.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saarelainen H, Valtonen P, Punnonen K, Laitinen T, Raitakari OT, Juonala M, Heiskanen N, Lyyra-Laitinen T, Viikari JSA, Heinonen S. Flow mediated vasodilation and circulating concentrations of high sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in normal pregnancy--The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2009; 29:347-52. [PMID: 19489963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2009.00877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional risk factors such as hyperlipidemia induce a state of inflammation that impairs vascular function. Despite marked maternal hyperlipidemia, endothelial function improves during pregnancy. In non-pregnant state increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) lead to attenuated flow mediated vasodilation. Relation between endothelial function and pro-inflammatory cytokines has not been studied thoroughly in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on hsCRP and pro-inflammatory cytokines and their associations with vascular endothelial function. METHODS As part of population-based, prospective cohort Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study conducted in Finland we measured brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) and serum concentrations of hsCRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 57 pregnant Finnish women throughout gestation and 62 control women matched for age and smoking. RESULTS HsCRP-concentration was greater in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant controls (median hsCRP 2.52 mg l(-1) versus 1.21 mg l(-1), P<0.001). IL-6-concentration was slightly increased in pregnancy compared with the non-pregnant controls (median 1.66 versus 1.32 mg l(-1), non-significant [NS]) and TNF-alpha-concentration was slightly decreased in pregnant group (2.11 versus 2.38 pg ml(-1), NS). FMD increased during pregnancy and IL-6 had a positive correlation to the FMD in pregnancy (R = 0.288, P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Improvement of FMD in normal pregnancy was not affected by increase in hsCRP concentration. We found an association with IL-6 and FMD but we believe that improvement in endothelial function during normal pregnancy is not caused by variation in hsCRP, IL-6 or TNF-alpha.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heli Saarelainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Kuopio, Puijonlaaksontie 2, PO box 1777, Kuopio FIN-70211, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Valtonen P, Laitinen T, Lyyra-Laitinen T, Raitakari OT, Juonala M, Viikari JSA, Heiskanen N, Vanninen E, Punnonen K, Heinonen S. Serum L-Homoarginine Concentration is Elevated During Normal Pregnancy and is Related to Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation. Circ J 2008; 72:1879-84. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-08-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Valtonen
- Laboratory Centre, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Tomi Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Tiina Lyyra-Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
| | - Jorma SA Viikari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
| | - Nonna Heiskanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Esko Vanninen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Kari Punnonen
- Laboratory Centre, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| | - Seppo Heinonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio
| |
Collapse
|