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Gao JQ, Xu YL, Ye J, Hou SX, Yang W, Li M, Fa JJ, Yang CH, Jin HG, He RQ, Liu ZJ. Effects of renal denervation on cardiac function after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17591. [PMID: 37483803 PMCID: PMC10362181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To observe the effect of renal artery denervation (RDN) on cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (AMI-PCI). Methods This is a single-centre, prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 108 AMI-PCI patients were randomly assigned to the RDN group or the control group at 1:1 ratio. All patients received standardized drug therapy after PCI, and patients in the RDN group underwent additional RDN at 4 weeks after the PCI. The follow-up period was 6 months after RDN. Echocardiography-derived parameters, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) data, Holter electrocardiogram, heart rate variability (HRV) at baseline and at the 6 months-follow up were analyzed. Results Baseline indexes were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the echocardiography-derived left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in the RDN group than those in the control group. Cardiopulmonary exercise test indicators VO2Max, metabolic equivalents were significantly higher in the RDN group than in the control group. HRV analysis showed that standard deviation of the normal-to-normal R-R intervals, levels of square root of the mean squared difference of successive RR intervals were significantly higher in the RDN group than those in the control group. Conclusions RDN intervention after PCI in AMI patients is associated with improved cardiac function, improved exercise tolerance in AMI patients post PCI. The underlying mechanism of RDN induced beneficial effects may be related to the inhibition of sympathetic nerve activity and restoration of the sympathetic-vagal balance in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Qing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - You-Long Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shu-Xin Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jing-Jing Fa
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hui-Gen Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Rui-Qing He
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zong-Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
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Scoping review of the association between postsurgical pain and heart rate variability parameters. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e977. [PMID: 35155967 PMCID: PMC8824397 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. This scoping review provides some evidence of a possible association between heart rate variability and postsurgical pain, although significant variability exists among included studies. Surgical interventions can elicit neuroendocrine and sympathovagal responses, leading to cardiac autonomic imbalance. Cardiac complications account for approximately 30% of postoperative complications. Altered heart rate variability (HRV) was initially described in the 1970s as a predictor of acute coronary syndromes and has more recently been shown to be an independent predictor of postoperative morbidity and mortality after noncardiac surgery. In general, HRV reflects autonomic balance, and altered HRV measures have been associated with anesthetic use, chronic pain conditions, and experimental pain. Despite the well-documented relationship between altered HRV and postsurgical outcomes and various pain conditions, there has not been a review of available evidence describing the association between postsurgical pain and HRV. We examined the relationship between postsurgical pain and HRV. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched until December 2020 and included all studies with primary data. Two reviewers independently assessed risk of bias for each study using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions. A total of 8 studies and 1002 participants were included. Studies examined the association of postsurgical pain and HRV or analgesia nociception index derived from HRV. There was a statistically significant association between HRV measures and postsurgical pain in 6 of 8 studies. Heterogeneity of studies precluded meta-analyses. No studies reported cardiovascular outcomes. There is a potential association between postsurgical pain and HRV or analgesia nociception index, although results are likely impacted by confounding variables. Future studies are required to better delineate the relationship between postsurgical pain and HRV and impacts on cardiovascular outcomes.
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Yu J, Jiang Y, Tu M, Liao B, Fang J. Investigating Prescriptions and Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris: An Association Rule Mining and Network Analysis Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:1931839. [PMID: 33110434 PMCID: PMC7578734 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1931839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stable angina pectoris (CSAP) is a worldwide cardiovascular disease that severely affects people's quality of life and causes serious cardiovascular accidents. Although acupuncture had been confirmed as a potential adjunctive treatment for CSAP, the basic rules and mechanisms of acupoints were little understood. We conducted a systematic search of the China Biology Medicine (CBM), VIP database, Wangfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science to identify eligible clinical controlled trials (CCTs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), from their inception to 18th February 2020. The acupoint prescriptions in the treatment of CSAP were extracted and analyzed based on the association rule mining (ARM) and network analysis. In addition, potential mechanisms of acupuncture for treating CSAP were summarized by data mining. A total of 27 eligible trials were included. Analysis of acupoint prescriptions covered 36 conventional acupoints and 1 experience acupoint, distributing in 10 meridians. The top three frequently used acupoints were PC6, LU9, and ST36. The top three frequently used meridians were the pericardial meridian, lung meridian, and heart meridian. The most frequently used acupoint combinations were LU9 combined with PC6. Besides, network analysis indicated that the core acupoints included PC6, BL15, ST40, and RN17. Moreover, potential mechanisms of acupuncture for treating CSAP involved the regulation of autonomic nerve function, the content of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), volume and the equivalent block of coronary artery calcified plaque (CACP), endothelin (ET), and nitric oxide (NO), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the content of C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, our findings concerning acupoint prescriptions and potential mechanisms in the acupuncture treatment of CSAP could provide an optimized acupuncture treatment plan for clinical treatment of CSAP and promote further mechanism research and network research of CSAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Mingqi Tu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Binjun Liao
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jianqiao Fang
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Manno G, Novo G, Novo S, Corrado E, Coppola G. Alteration of Heart Rate Variability as an Early Predictor of Cardiovascular Events: A Look at Current Evidence. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:831. [PMID: 31902478 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Novo G, Manno G, Levantino P, Cangemi S, Evola V, GiustinaVitale, Evola S, Luparelli M, Novo S. Long-term parameters of heart rate variability in patients with insulin-resistance. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2019; 20:792-793. [PMID: 31045691 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Novo
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Girolamo Manno
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Piero Levantino
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Stefano Cangemi
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Vincenzo Evola
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - GiustinaVitale
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital 'P. Giaccone', Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Evola
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Mirko Luparelli
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
| | - Salvatore Novo
- Department of HealthPromotion Sciences, Maternal-Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone
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Zheng W, McKinney W, Kashon M, Salmen R, Castranova V, Kan H. The influence of inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the autonomic nervous system. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:8. [PMID: 26864021 PMCID: PMC4750189 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart rate and cardiovascular function are regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Heart rate variability (HRV) as a marker reflects the activity of autonomic nervous system. The prognostic significance of HRV in cardiovascular disease has been reported in clinical and epidemiological studies. The present study focused on the influence of inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on autonomic nervous system by HRV analysis. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were pre-implanted with a telemetry device and kept in the individual cages for recovery. At week four after device implantation, rats were exposed to MWCNTs for 5 h at a concentration of 5 mg/m3. The real-time EKGs were recorded by a telemetry system at pre-exposure, during exposure, 1 day and 7 days post-exposure. HRV was measured by root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD); the standard deviation of inter-beat (RR) interval (SDNN); the percentage of successive RR interval differences greater than 5 ms (pNN5) and 10 ms (pNN10); low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF). Results Exposure to MWCNTs increased the percentage of differences between adjacent R-R intervals over 10 ms (pNN10) (p < 0.01), RMSSD (p < 0.01), LF (p < 0.05) and HF (p < 0.01). Conclusions Inhalation of MWCNTs significantly alters the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Whether such transient alterations in autonomic nervous performance would alter cardiovascular function and raise the risk of cardiovascular events in people with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zheng
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - W McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - M Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - R Salmen
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - V Castranova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - H Kan
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
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Li HR, Lu TM, Cheng HM, Lu DY, Chiou CW, Chuang SY, Yang AC, Sung SH, Yu WC, Chen CH. Additive Value of Heart Rate Variability in Predicting Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Beyond Framingham Risk. Circ J 2015; 80:494-501. [PMID: 26701182 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-0588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) is usually reduced in patients with CAD. We therefore investigated whether reduced HRV is predictive of angiographic CAD beyond Framingham risk in patients with stable angina. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 514 patients (age, 66.1 ± 14.3 years, 358 men) were enrolled. Holter ECG was performed before catheterization, and 24-h HRV was analyzed in both the frequency domain (VLF, LF, HF and total power) and the time domain (SDNN, SDANN, RMSSD and pNN20). Angiographic CAD was defined as ≥ 50% diameter reduction of 1 or more coronary arteries. On coronary angiography 203 patients (39.6%) had angiographic CAD. Patients with CAD had significantly higher Framingham risk and lower HRV according to both frequency and time domain parameters. After controlling for age, gender, heart rate, SBP, renal function, lipids and Framingham risk, reduced HRV indices remained predictors of CAD (OR, 95% CI for LF, HF, SDNN, RMSSD and pNN20: 0.81, 0.66-0.99; 0.77, 0.63-0.94; 0.75, 0.59-0.96; 0.72, 0.58-0.88; and 0.76, 0.62-0.94, respectively). On subgroup analysis, HRV parameters appeared to be predictive of CAD only in subjects with high Framingham risk or diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Reduced HRV is predictive of CAD in patients with stable angina, independent of traditional risk factors and Framingham risk. The predictive value of HRV may be relevant only in subjects with high Framingham risk or diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ru Li
- Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University
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Cardiovascular variability is similarly altered in coronary patients with normal left ventricular function and in heart failure patients. J Hypertens 2014; 32:2261-6; discussion 2266. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Novikova MV, Glezer MG. TRIMETAZIDINE MR EFFECTS ON THE PARAMETERS OF 24-HOUR ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MONITORING AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2013. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2013-5-68-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To assess the effects of the four-month trimetazidine MR therapy on the parameters of 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD).Material and methods. This prospective, non-randomised study, with the inclusion of 66 consecutive patients who had stable CHD and stable stress test results, investigated the effects of trimetazidine MR therapy on the parameters of 24-hour ECG monitoring and HRV.Results. Trimetazidine MR did not markedly affect the 24-hour, daytime, or nighttime levels of heart rate. Trimetazidine MR therapy was not associated with any substantial changes in frequency and time-domain HRV parameters or in the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. However, there was a significant reduction in the number of patients with ST segment depression (from 66,7% to 43,8%; p<0,001) and in the duration of ischemic episodes (from 10 (6,2;21) minutes to 7,42 (5;12,3) minutes (p=0,025)).Conclusion. Adding trimetazidine MR to the treatment of patients with stable CHD provides an additional beneficial antiischemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Novikova
- Moscow City Healthcare Department, City Clinical Hospital No. 59
| | - M. G. Glezer
- Moscow City Healthcare Department, City Clinical Hospital No. 59;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
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Kahan T, Forslund L, Held C, Björkander I, Billing E, Eriksson SV, Näsman P, Rehnqvist N, Hjemdahl P. Risk prediction in stable angina pectoris. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:141-51. [PMID: 23278283 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although stable angina pectoris often carries a favourable prognosis, it remains important to identify patients with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications. Many new markers of disease activity and prognosis have been described. We evaluated whether common and easily accessible markers in everyday care provide sufficient prognostic information. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Angina Pectoris Prognosis Study in Stockholm treated 809 patients (248 women) with stable angina pectoris with metoprolol or verapamil double blind during a median follow-up of 3·4 years, with a registry-based extended follow-up after 9·1 years. Clinical and mechanistic variables, including lipids and glucose, renal function, ambulatory and exercise-induced ischaemia, heart rate variability, cardiac and vascular ultrasonography, and psychosocial variables were included in an integrated analysis. Main outcome measures were nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and CV death combined. RESULTS In all, 139 patients (18 women) suffered a main outcome. Independent predictive variables were (odds ratio [95% confidence intervals]), age (1·04 per year [1·00;1·08], P = 0·041), female sex (0·33 [0·16;0·69], P = 0·001), fasting blood glucose (1.29 per mM [1.14; 1.46], P < 0·001), serum creatinine (1·02 per μM [1·00;1·03], P < 0·001) and leucocyte counts (1·21 per 10(6) cells/L [1·06;1·40], P = 0·008). Smoking habits, lipids and hypertension or a previous MI provided limited additional information. Impaired fasting glucose was as predictive as manifest diabetes and interacted adversely with serum creatinine. Sexual problems were predictive among men. CONCLUSIONS Easily accessible clinical and demographic variables provide a good risk prediction in stable angina pectoris. Impaired glucose tolerance and an elevated serum creatinine are particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kahan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mazzadi AN, Pineau J, Costes N, Le Bars D, Bonnefoi F, Porcher R, Croisille P, Chevalier P. Ventricular muscarinic receptor remodeling in patients with and without primary ventricular fibrillation. An imaging study. J Nucl Cardiol 2012; 19:1017-25. [PMID: 22592514 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-012-9576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vagal innervation modulates the electrical stability of the left ventricle (LV) during ischemia. Thus, abnormal parasympathetic activity in myocardial infarction (MI) patients with primary ventricular fibrillation (FV) can account for their arrhythmic disorders. We evaluated LV muscarinic receptor density (B (max)) after MI in patients with (FV(G), n = 11) or without (nFV(G), n = 12) primary FV. METHODS AND RESULTS The B (max) was measured by positron emission tomography and the specific antagonist [(11)C]methylquinuclidinyl benzilate ([(11)C]MQNB) in 23 patients 39 ± 19 days post-MI, and 10 volunteers. Myocardial damage was quantified by delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Three short-axis slices per subject were analyzed and six time-activity curves per slice were fitted to a 3-compartment ligand-receptor model. The B (max) in remote regions of the 23 patients (67 ± 36 pmol/mL · tissue; n = 139) was higher than in normal regions of volunteers (33 ± 16 pmol/mL · tissue; n = 171; P = .01). Receptor density in remote regions was similarly upregulated in nFV(G) (69 ± 31 pmol/mL · tissue, n = 73) and FV(G) (66 ± 40 pmol/mL · tissue, n = 66; P = .72). In damaged regions, the B (max) was reduced in both patient groups (44 pmol/mL · tissue). CONCLUSIONS Chronically infarcted patients with or without primary FV share similar patterns of ventricular muscarinic receptor remodeling, characterized by receptor upregulation, in remote non-damaged territories.
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Santarcangelo EL, Paoletti G, Balocchi R, Scattina E, Ghelarducci B, Varanini M. Watching neutral and threatening movies: subjective experience and autonomic responses in subjects with different hypnotizability levels. Int J Psychophysiol 2012; 84:59-64. [PMID: 22285555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Subjects with high hypnotizability scores (Highs) have been considered more prone to experience negative affect and more vulnerable to its autonomic effects with respect to low hypnotizable individuals (Lows). The aim of the study was to analyze the subjective experience, tonic skin conductance (SC), respiratory frequency (RF), heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) of healthy Highs and Lows during a long-lasting, emotionally neutral task (Session R, 46 subjects) and a moderately threatening one (Session T, 35 subjects). At the end of the relaxing Session R, all participants reported an increased relaxation. At the end of the threatening Session T, only 20 subjects reported a decreased relaxation (effective T: eT subsample). Highs and Lows of this subsample reported a similarly reduced relaxation and showed a similarly increased skin conductance. HR and HRV did not differ between the two sessions and between Highs and Lows. Among the subjects not reporting decreased relaxation at the end of Session T (ineffective T: iT subsample, n=15), relaxation was deeper and associated with lower skin conductance in Highs, although HR and HRV did not differ between Highs and Lows. All together, the results do not support the hypothesis of higher proneness of Highs to experience negative affect and to exhibit the autonomic correlates of negative emotion.
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