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Tóth B, Hohmann J, Vasas A. Phenanthrenes: A Promising Group of Plant Secondary Metabolites. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:661-678. [PMID: 29280630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Although phenanthrenes are considered to constitute a relatively small group of natural products, discovering new phenanthrene derivatives and evaluating their prospective biological activities have become of great interest to many research groups worldwide. Based on 160 references, this review covers the phytochemistry and pharmacology of 213 naturally occurring phenanthrenes that have been isolated between 2008 and 2016. More than 40% of the 450 currently known naturally occurring phenanthrenes were identified during this period. The family Orchidaceae is the most abundant source of these compounds, although several new plant families and genera have been involved in the search for phenanthrenes. The presence of certain substituent patterns may be restricted to specific families; vinyl-substituted phenanthrenes were reported only from Juncaceae plants, and prenylated derivatives occur mainly in Euphorbiaceae species. Therefore, these compounds also can serve as chemotaxonomic markers. Almost all of the newly isolated compounds have been studied for their biological activities (e.g., potential cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects), and many of them showed multiple activities. According to the accumulated data, denbinobin, with a novel mechanism of action, has great potential as a lead compound for the development of a new anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy , University of Szeged , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy , University of Szeged , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products , University of Szeged , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy , University of Szeged , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
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Ge H, Liang C, Ren S, Yue C, Wu J. Prognostic value of DcR3 in solid tumors: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 481:126-131. [PMID: 29499202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) has been reported to be overexpressed in a wide range of solid tumors, suggesting that DcR3 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. The present meta-analysis assesses the association between DcR3 expression and prognosis in patients with solid tumors. METHODS Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese CNKI, and Wan Fang databases. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were calculated using fixed effects models and random effects models, respectively. RESULTS Data from the 16 included studies, with 2209 patients, were reviewed and analyzed. DcR3 overexpression was significantly associated with worse OS in patients with solid tumors, but its expression might not be related to RFS in malignancies. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence demonstrates that increased DcR3 expression correlates with a poor prognosis in cancer patients, which suggests that the expression status of DcR3 is a useful biomarker for the prediction of prognosis in patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ge
- Department of general surgery, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojie Liang
- Department of general surgery, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Ren
- Department of general surgery, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaosen Yue
- Department of general surgery, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Wu
- Department of general surgery, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Brahmachari G, Das S, Biswas (Sinha) M, Kumar A, Srivastava AK, Misra N. 3,5,7-Trimethoxyphenanthrene-1,4-dione: a new biologically relevant natural phenanthrenequinone derivative from Dioscorea prazeri and studies on its single X-ray crystallographic behavior, molecular docking and other physico-chemical properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21490d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Pei SG, Wang JX, Wang XL, Zhang QJ, Zhang H. Correlation of survivin, p53 and Ki-67 in laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cell proliferation and invasion. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:636-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Lu TL, Han CK, Chang YS, Lu TJ, Huang HC, Bao BY, Wu HY, Huang CH, Li CY, Wu TS. Denbinobin, a Phenanthrene from Dendrobium nobile, Impairs Prostate Cancer Migration by Inhibiting Rac1 Activity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:1539-54. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in the United States. The most common site of prostate cancer metastasis is bone. CXCL12 is preferentially expressed in bone and is targeted by prostate cancer cells, which over-express the receptor for CXCL12, CXCR4. In response to CXCL12 stimulation, Rac1, a GTPase, along with its effectors, regulates actin polymerization to form lamellipodia, which is a critical event for cell migration. Cortactin, an actin-binding protein, is recruited to the lamellipodia and is phosphorylated at tyrosine residues. The phosphorylated cortactin is also involved in cell migration. The inhibition of Rac1 activity using a dominant negative Rac1 impairs lamellipodial protrusion as well as cortactin translocation and cortactin phosphorylation. Denbinobin, a substance extracted from Dendrobium nobile, has anticancer effects in many cancer cell lines. Whether denbinobin can inhibit prostate cancer cell migration is not clear. Here, we report that denbinobin inhibited Rac1 activity. The inhibition of Rac1 activity prevented lamellipodial formation. Cortactin phosphorylation and translocation to the lamellipodia were also impaired, and PC3 cells were unable to migrate. These results indicate that denbinobin prevents CXCL12-induced PC3 cell migration by inhibiting Rac1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Ling Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Kuo Han
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Te-Jung Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bo-Ying Bao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chieh-Hung Huang
- Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University of Education, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University of Education, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Toda M, Kawamoto T, Ueha T, Kishimoto K, Hara H, Fukase N, Onishi Y, Harada R, Minoda M, Kurosaka M, Akisue T. 'Decoy' and 'non-decoy' functions of DcR3 promote malignant potential in human malignant fibrous histiocytoma cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:703-12. [PMID: 23817777 PMCID: PMC3787885 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a soluble secreted protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily. DcR3 inhibits the Fas ligand (FasL)/Fas apoptotic pathway by binding to FasL, competitively with Fas receptor. Previous studies have reported that overexpression of DcR3 has been detected in various human malignancies and that DcR3 functions as a ‘decoy’ for FasL to inhibit FasL-induced apoptosis. In addition, recent studies have revealed that DcR3 has ‘non-decoy’ functions to promote tumor cell migration and invasion, suggesting that DcR3 may play important roles in tumor progression by decoy and non-decoy functions. We have previously reported that overexpression of DcR3 was observed in human malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), however, the roles of DcR3 in MFH have not been studied. In the present study, to elucidate the roles of DcR3 in tumor progression of MFH, we examined the effects of DcR3 inhibition on cell apoptosis, migration and invasion in human MFH cells. siRNA knockdown of DcR3 enhanced the FasL-induced apoptotic activity and significantly decreased cell migration and invasion with a decrease in the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2. The findings in this study strongly suggest that DcR3 plays important roles in tumor progression of human MFH by decoy as well as non-decoy functions and that DcR3 may serve as a potent therapeutic target for human MFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Toda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Xu XT, Tao ZZ, Song QB, Yao Y, Ruan P. siRNA targeting decoy receptor 3 enhances the sensitivity of gastric carcinoma cells to 5-fluorouracil. Exp Ther Med 2012. [PMID: 23181119 PMCID: PMC3503848 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of RNA interference of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) on the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the relevant mechanisms, siRNA against DcR3 was transfected into the gastric cancer cell line AGS. AGS cells were treated with different doses of 5-FU or for different time periods. The sensitivity of AGS cells to 5-FU was determined. The cell survival rate was detected by MTT assay. The apoptotic rate was determined by DAPI staining, and the expression of related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. The results showed that the cell survival rate was significanlty decreased in the knockdown group compared to the control group at different doses of 5-FU (P<0.01). After different time periods of treatment with 5-FU, the cell survival rate in the knockdown group was significantly decreased compared to the control group, respectively (P<0.01). The apoptotic rate of AGS cells in the knockdown group was increased along with the increasing dose of siRNA. The siRNA against DcR3 enhanced the expression of Fas, FasL, caspase-3 and caspase-8. In conclusion, knockdown of DcR3 by RNA interference enhances apoptosis and inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells. Downregulation of DcR3 enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU and increased the expression of Fas, FasL and caspase-3/8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Lee CL, Lin YT, Chang FR, Chen GY, Backlund A, Yang JC, Chen SL, Wu YC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of phenanthrenes as cytotoxic agents with pharmacophore modeling and ChemGPS-NP prediction as topo II inhibitors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37897. [PMID: 22666407 PMCID: PMC3362575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, 3-methoxy-1,4-phenanthrenequinones, calanquinone A (6a), denbinobin (6b), 5-OAc-calanquinone A (7a) and 5-OAc-denbinobin (7b), have significantly promising cytotoxicity against various human cancer cell lines (IC50 0.08–1.66 µg/mL). Moreover, we also established a superior pharmacophore model for cytotoxicity (r = 0.931) containing three hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA1, HBA2 and HBA3) and one hydrophobic feature (HYD) against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The pharmacophore model indicates that HBA3 is an essential feature for the oxygen atom of 5-OH in 6a–b and for the carbonyl group of 5-OCOCH3 in 7a–b, important for their cytotoxic properties. The SAR for moderately active 5a–b (5-OCH3), and highly active 6a–b and 7a–b, are also elaborated in a spatial aspect model. Further rational design and synthesis of new cytotoxic phenanthrene analogs can be implemented via this model. Additionally, employing a ChemGPS-NP based model for cytotoxicity mode of action (MOA) provides support for a preliminary classification of compounds 6a–b as topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Lee
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Natural Medicinal Products Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ting Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YCW); (FRC)
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Natural Medicinal Products Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Anders Backlund
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juan-Chang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Natural Medicinal Products Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YCW); (FRC)
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Yang F, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Ma SL, Gong Y. Curcumin suppresses proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cells by inhibiting the STAT3 signal pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:3149-3153. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i30.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signal pathway is involved in the effect of curcumin on cell proliferation in pancreatic carcinoma cell line SW1990.
METHODS: SW1990 cells were incubated with different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mmol/L) of curcumin for different durations (0, 4, 12, 24, 48, 32 h). MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation of SW1990 cells. The protein expression of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) in SW1990 cells was detected by Western blotting. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of bcl-2, bax, survivin and bak in SW1990 cells.
RESULTS: Curcumin inhibited SW1990 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that curcumin reduced the level of p-STAT3 protein expression (F = 36.157, P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, but had no significant impact on STAT3 level (F = 8.29, P>0.05). Moreover, curcumin inhibited mRNA expression levels of bcl-2, bak and survivin (F = 75.690, 62.301, 52.73; P<0.01, 0.01, 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner and up-regulated bax mRNA expression (F = 65.93, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Curcumin inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cells perhaps by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation and thereby reducing bcl-2, bak and survivin expression.
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Thangaraj S, Tsao WS, Luo YW, Lee YJ, Chang CF, Lin CC, Uang BJ, Yu CC, Guh JH, Teng CM. Total synthesis of moniliformediquinone and calanquinone A as potent inhibitors for breast cancer. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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The inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth by denbinobin is associated with the blocking of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 22:625-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Potent anti-inflammatory effects of denbinobin mediated by dual inhibition of expression of inducible no synthase and cyclooxygenase 2. Shock 2011; 35:191-7. [PMID: 20661183 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e3181f0e9a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) have been suggested to play important roles in various inflammatory diseases. We explored the anti-inflammatory potential of a natural compound, denbinobin (5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-1,4-phenanthraquinone), by examining its effects on the expression and activity of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-activated macrophages. Denbinobin markedly decreased the LPS (1 μg/mL)-induced increase in iNOS and COX-2 gene and protein expression, as well as levels of the downstream products NO and prostaglandin E2, in a concentration-dependent manner (0.3-3 μM). In clarifying the mechanisms involved, denbinobin was found not only to inhibit LPS-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, an effect highly correlated with its inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inhibitory κB kinase activation, inhibitory κB degradation, NF-κB phosphorylation, and binding of NF-κB to the κB motif of the iNOS and COX-2 promoters, but also suppressed phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Reporter gene assays and Western blotting revealed that denbinobin significantly suppressed NF-κB activation. Furthermore, denbinobin also downregulated the LPS-mediated CD14/toll-like receptor 4 complex level and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 mRNA expression. Our results demonstrate that denbinobin exerts potent anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that it might provide a new therapeutic approach to inflammatory diseases.
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Abstract
The bane of anti-cancer therapy is usually the development of resistance to apoptosis in malignant cells. Identification of strategies to re-sensitize cancer cells to apoptosis has now become a top priority in anti-cancer research. Denbinobin is a novel, naturally occurring phenathroquinone isolated from orchids of the genus Dendrobium that has remarkable anti-cancer activities demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Recently denbinobin has been shown to diminish the levels of expression of the decoy receptor-3 and also to act synergistically with Fas ligand to induce apoptosis in a pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line. There is hope that denbinobin could be developed as an adjuvant in combination therapies aimed at killing cancers that rely on decoy receptors to evade the host's immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapiwanashe Magwere
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK.
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