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Laser capture microdissection: techniques and applications in liver diseases. Hepatol Int 2019; 13:138-147. [DOI: 10.1007/s12072-018-9917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zou ZQ, Zhang S, Lin Q, Qu RL, Li YF, Zhang FH, Xu AL. Immune response- and viral control-related pathways in the progression of chronic hepatitis B. Microb Pathog 2017; 105:100-105. [PMID: 28189731 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a complicated and dynamic course, and is associated with advanced liver disease. Host immune response against viral infection plays a pivotal role in the progression of CHB. However, it is still uncharted that how the hepatic transcriptomes in patients with CHB are correlated with the clinical phases. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the specific sub-networks across various phases of CHB and infer potential pathways for phenotypic outcome prediction. METHODS In this study, we performed the pairwise comparisons of the hepatic transcriptomes of CHB patients under different phases, and constructed the differential co-expression networks (DCNs). We firstly identified the critical genes from each DCN according to the adjacency matrix of the network. Then, the specific sub-networks were digged by iteratively affiliating genes that can increase the classification accuracy, using a snow-ball sampling strategy. Permutation test was implemented to determine the statistical significance of these sub-networks. Finally, each sub-network was given a most significant functional pathway. RESULTS We constructed 3 DCNs by pairwise comparing the hepatic transcriptomes among three CHB phases, and systemically tracked 1, 1 and 2 specific sub-networks and pathways, respectively. Relative to immune tolerant phase, TGF-beta receptor signaling in EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition) pathway was significantly changed in the immune clearance phase, and nuclear receptor transcription pathway and adenylate cyclase activating pathway were altered in inactive carrier state. The host genes related to DNA strand elongation showed significant difference between the immune clearance phase and inactive carrier state. CONCLUSIONS By pairwise comparing the hepatic transcriptomes of CHB patients under a network view, several immune- and viral control-related pathways were identified in this study. These results might serve as a foundation for characterizing the host transcriptomes responded to CHB infection, and hold clues for the development of potential targets for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Zou
- Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Ren-Liang Qu
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Fu-Hua Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Ai-Ling Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Yantai 264001, China.
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iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Identification of Serum Biomarkers of Two Chronic Hepatitis B Subtypes Diagnosed by Traditional Chinese Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3290260. [PMID: 28025641 PMCID: PMC5153474 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3290260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. By traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern classification, damp heat stasis in the middle-jiao (DHSM) and liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency (LSSD) are two most common subtypes of CHB. Results. In this study, we employed iTRAQ proteomics technology to identify potential serum protein biomarkers in 30 LSSD-CHB and 30 DHSM-CHB patients. Of the total 842 detected proteins, 273 and 345 were differentially expressed in LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB patients compared to healthy controls, respectively. LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB shared 142 upregulated and 84 downregulated proteins, of which several proteins have been reported to be candidate biomarkers, including immunoglobulin (Ig) related proteins, complement components, apolipoproteins, heat shock proteins, insulin-like growth factor binding protein, and alpha-2-macroglobulin. In addition, we identified that proteins might be potential biomarkers to distinguish LSSD-CHB from DHSM-CHB, such as A0A0A0MS51_HUMAN (gelsolin), PON3_HUMAN, Q96K68_HUMAN, and TRPM8_HUMAN that were differentially expressed exclusively in LSSD-CHB patients and A0A087WT59_HUMAN (transthyretin), ITIH1_HUMAN, TSP1_HUMAN, CO5_HUMAN, and ALBU_HUMAN that were differentially expressed specifically in DHSM-CHB patients. Conclusion. This is the first time to report serum proteins in CHB subtype patients. Our findings provide potential biomarkers can be used for LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB.
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Xu W, Wang NR, Wang HF, Feng Q, Deng J, Gong ZQ, Sun J, Lou XL, Yu XF, Zhou L, Hu JP, Huang XF, Qi XQ, Deng YJ, Gong R, Guo Y, Wang MM, Xiao JC, Deng H. Analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in the histogenesis of hepatic progenitor cell in HBV-related liver diseases. Diagn Pathol 2016; 11:136. [PMID: 27881141 PMCID: PMC5121942 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The origin and heterogeneity of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the histogenesis of HPCs. Methods Surgical liver specimens from patients with HBV-related hepatitis and cirrhosis were investigated with double immunofluorescence labeling to detect antigens associated with HPCs and EMT. Ductular reactions were subjected to quantitative reverse transcription PCR following isolation by laser capture microdissection. Electron microscopic examination was performed to find an ultrastructural evidence of EMT. Results The number of EpCAM-positive HPCs was proportional to the disease severity. The S100A4 expression of HPCs was firstly observed in mild hepatitis and increased significantly in moderate hepatitis, but decreased in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis. The levels of MMP-2, Twist, and Snail increased in direct proportion to the number of HPCs. Some hepatocytes adjacent to portal tracts in cirrhosis showed positivity for MMP-2. Although CK7 and E-cadherin levels decreased in mild and moderate hepatitis, HPCs re-expressed both of them in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis. However, HPCs expressed neither vimentin nor αSMA. The relative mRNA expression levels of EpCAM and EMT-associated markers supported immunohistochemical results. Electron microscopic examination demonstrated the existence of intercellular junctions among HPCs, cholangiocytes, and intermediate hepatocyte-like cells. Conclusion We provided preliminary evidence for the involvement of EMT in the histogenesis of HPCs from cholangiocytes in HBV-related liver diseases. HPCs may re-transdifferentiate into hepatocytes, and the differentiation direction depends, at least in part, on interactions between HPCs and the surrounding microenvironment, especially the non-resolving inflammation caused by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Nong-Rong Wang
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Renmin Institute of Forensic Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Gong
- Renmin Institute of Forensic Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Lou
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xue-Feng Yu
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Qi
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-Juan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,Renmin Institute of Forensic Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang, China. .,Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 133 South Guangchang Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Passman AM, Low J, London R, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Miyajima A, Tanaka M, Strick-Marchand H, Darlington GJ, Finch-Edmondson M, Ochsner S, Zhu C, Whelan J, Callus BA, Yeoh GCT. A Transcriptomic Signature of Mouse Liver Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:5702873. [PMID: 27777588 PMCID: PMC5061959 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5702873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) can proliferate extensively, are able to differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, and contribute to liver regeneration. The presence of LPCs, however, often accompanies liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), indicating that they may be a cancer stem cell. Understanding LPC biology and establishing a sensitive, rapid, and reliable method to detect their presence in the liver will assist diagnosis and facilitate monitoring of treatment outcomes in patients with liver pathologies. A transcriptomic meta-analysis of over 400 microarrays was undertaken to compare LPC lines against datasets of muscle and embryonic stem cell lines, embryonic and developed liver (DL), and HCC. Three gene clusters distinguishing LPCs from other liver cell types were identified. Pathways overrepresented in these clusters denote the proliferative nature of LPCs and their association with HCC. Our analysis also revealed 26 novel markers, LPC markers, including Mcm2 and Ltbp3, and eight known LPC markers, including M2pk and Ncam. These markers specified the presence of LPCs in pathological liver tissue by qPCR and correlated with LPC abundance determined using immunohistochemistry. These results showcase the value of global transcript profiling to identify pathways and markers that may be used to detect LPCs in injured or diseased liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Passman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jasmine Low
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Roslyn London
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | | | | | - Megan Finch-Edmondson
- Department of Physiology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117411
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
| | - Scott Ochsner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cornelia Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Bernard A. Callus
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA 6959, Australia
| | - George C. T. Yeoh
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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Deng H, Gao YB, Wang HF, Jin XL, Xiao JC. Expression of deleted in malignant brain tumours 1 (DMBT1) relates to the proliferation and malignant transformation of hepatic progenitor cells in hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases. Histopathology 2011; 60:249-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Deng H, Wang HF, Gao YB, Jin XL, Xiao JC. Hepatic progenitor cell represents a transitioning cell population between liver epithelium and stroma. Med Hypotheses 2011; 76:809-12. [PMID: 21382669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Following an acute injury, the liver may maintain its structure and function through mitotic division of mature hepatocytes (i.e. hepatic regeneration). However, the regeneration ability of hepatocytes can be impaired in chronic liver diseases including chronic viral infection and alcohol abuse. Hepatic progenitor cells/oval cells (HPCs/OCs), capable of differentiation into both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, occur and proliferate during chronic injury. Unfortunately, a use of HPCs for clinical therapy is blocked by the difficulty of exact identity of HPCs in liver. Focusing on the links between phenotype of HPCs and real stem cells originating from fetal liver or bone marrow (BM), the recent studies of HPCs neglect functional analysis and the close relationship between activation of HPCs and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. It is currently widely accepted that mesenchymal-epithelial transition (EMT) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (MET) play important roles not only in liver development but also in healing of chronic injured adult liver. Co-expression of epithelial/mesenchymal and HPCs markers has been demonstrated in cells undergoing EMT/MET. These cells led to hepatic regeneration after transplanted into rats with chronic liver injury. Notably, there is an increased expression of mesenchymal markers in HPCs after exposure to transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1). Based on these evidences, we hypothesize that HPCs represent a transitioning cell population undergoing EMT/MET, both parenchymal and mesenchymal cells of liver may be the direct sources of HPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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