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Zhang C, Chen Y, Long Y, Zheng H, Jing J, Pan W. Helicobacter pylori and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Recent Advances and Controversies. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241234637. [PMID: 38558880 PMCID: PMC10979532 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241234637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), a gastric bacterium, has been extensively studied for its association with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, recent evidence suggests its potential implications beyond the stomach, linking it to other gastrointestinal malignancies, such as esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, and colorectal cancer. In light of the expanding research landscape and the increasing interest in exploring H pylori broader role in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis, this comprehensive review aims to elucidate the relationship between H pylori and gastrointestinal tumors. This review encompasses recent epidemiological studies, research progress, and emerging perspectives, providing a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between H pylori and gastrointestinal tumors. The findings highlight the captivating world of H pylori and its intricate involvement in gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Long
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiyong Jing
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Pan
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Pharmaceutical Development of Gastrointestinal Tract Tumors, Hangzhou, China
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Malfertheiner P, Camargo MC, El-Omar E, Liou JM, Peek R, Schulz C, Smith SI, Suerbaum S. Helicobacter pylori infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:19. [PMID: 37081005 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 156.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis, which can progress to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer, gastric cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori is usually transmitted in childhood and persists for life if untreated. The infection affects around half of the population in the world but prevalence varies according to location and sanitation standards. H. pylori has unique properties to colonize gastric epithelium in an acidic environment. The pathophysiology of H. pylori infection is dependent on complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and their interaction with the host immune system and environmental factors, resulting in distinct gastritis phenotypes that determine possible progression to different gastroduodenal pathologies. The causative role of H. pylori infection in gastric cancer development presents the opportunity for preventive screen-and-treat strategies. Invasive, endoscopy-based and non-invasive methods, including breath, stool and serological tests, are used in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Their use depends on the specific individual patient history and local availability. H. pylori treatment consists of a strong acid suppressant in various combinations with antibiotics and/or bismuth. The dramatic increase in resistance to key antibiotics used in H. pylori eradication demands antibiotic susceptibility testing, surveillance of resistance and antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Malfertheiner
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
- Medical Department Klinik of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke Universität, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Emad El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZIF Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stella I Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- DZIF Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- National Reference Center for Helicobacter pylori, Munich, Germany
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Hsieh MS, Kuo FC, Wu MC, Wang JW, Liu CJ, Chu NS, Tsai PY, Hsu PI, Wu IC, Wu JY, Wu DC, Yu FJ, Kuo CH. Tailored susceptibility-guided therapy via gastric juice PCR for the first-line H. pylori eradication, a randomized controlled trial. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:1450-1457. [PMID: 34836662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Clarithromycin-based standard triple therapy is still commonly adopted by 81.4% of physicians in real-world practice but yields low eradication rates. Therefore, we conducted this study to compare the efficacy of gastric juice-guided therapy for first-line eradication with the standard triple therapy, in order to provide an alternative to real-world practice. METHODS A total of 182 treatment-naïve Hp-infected patients were included and randomly allocated to either susceptibility-guided therapy (SGT) with gastric juice PCR or Clarithromycin-based standard triple therapy (STT) for 7 days. RESULTS The intention-to-treat eradication rates were 89% (81/91) in SGT and 75.8% in STT (p < 0.031). The per-protocol eradication rates were 91.0% (81/89) in SGT and 79.3% (69/87) in STT (p < 0.034). Among the subgroups of different antibiotic resistance, patients with SGT demonstrated superior eradication rates (91.7% vs 45.5%, p < 0.027) in the subgroup of both clarithromycin resistance and levofloxacin resistance. CONCLUSION This prospective randomized controlled trial demonstrated the reliable efficacy of susceptibility-guided therapy via gastric juice PCR for the first-line Hp eradication. In Asia-Pacific area, where standard triple therapy is still adopted by the majority of the physicians, it is a recommended alternative to overcome the increasing antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Shu Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wei Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Neng-Sheng Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-I Hsu
- Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yih Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Jung Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Cheng H. Genetic variation of innate immune response and inflammation in susceptibility to
Helicobacter pylori
‐related diseases. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu‐Chi Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare Tainan Taiwan
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Associations of Interleukin-1 β with H. pylori-Induced Gastric Atrophy and Syndrome of Dampness-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach in Subjects with H. pylori-Related Gastric Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6409485. [PMID: 32382299 PMCID: PMC7187723 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6409485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
H. pylori-related gastric diseases (HPGD) are a series of gastric mucosal benign and malignant lesions associated with H. pylori infection. Exploring the pathogenesis of HPGD will be of great significance to prevent and treat gastric malignancy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome is the essence of TCM, reflecting the state of whole body. Potential similarities of TCM syndrome may provide a new perspective in understanding development and treatment of diseases. To seek an early warning signal for gastric malignant pathology and similarities of TCM syndrome from the viewpoint of molecular biology, we examined the relationships among H. pylori, gastric pathology, and TCM syndrome and effects of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene polymorphisms and expression on gastric pathology and TCM syndrome in HPGD. The results indicated that detection of H. pylori with differentiation of TCM syndrome may have a predictive function to gastric pathology. H. pylori may lead to gastric atrophy via enhancing IL-1β mRNA expression, and IL-1β mRNA overexpression in gastric mucosa may be one of the generality characteristics for H. pylori-negative subjects with syndrome of dampness-heat in the spleen and stomach.
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Ren HY, Wen LS, Geng YH, Huang JB, Liu JF, Shen DY, Meng JR. Association between IL-1B gene polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2019; 137:103769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Panic N, Mastrostefano E, Leoncini E, Persiani R, Arzani D, Amore R, Ricci R, Sicoli F, Sioletic S, Bulajic M, D' Ugo D, Ricciardi W, Boccia S. Susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection: results of an epidemiological investigation among gastric cancer patients. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3637-50. [PMID: 24526578 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the clinical, demographic, lifestyle factors and selected genetic polymorphisms that affect the susceptibility towards Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric cancer patients. Histological confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma cases that underwent curative gastrectomy between 2002 and 2012 were included. Gastric biopsy samples were obtained to determine the H. pylori status, and further cagA status and vacA m and s genotypes by polymerase chain reaction. Patients were interviewed with structured questionnaires, and blood samples were collected for EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTT1, IL1B, IL1-RN, MTHFR and p53 genotyping. Proportions were compared in univariate analysis, while the relation between putative risk factors and H. pylori status and genotype were measured using logistic regression analysis. One hundred forty-nine gastric cancer patients were included, of which 78.5% were H. pylori positive. Among positive patients 50% were cagA+, 72.5% vacA m1 and 80.7% vacA s1. The presence of cagA was less frequent among vacA m1 (p = 0.031) and vacA s1 (p = 0.052) subtypes. The presence of father history for any cancer was a significant risk factor for H. pylori infection [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 8.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-64.55]. EPHX1 exon 3 T > C (OR = 0.35, CI 95% 0.13-0.94), IL1B-511 T > C (OR = 0.38, CI 95% 0.15-0.97) and IL1-RN VNTR (OR = 0.19, CI 95% 0.06-0.58) polymorphisms were protective towards H. pylori infection in the univariate analysis. Wine consumption was associated with higher risk of carrying the H. pylori vacA m1 virulent subtype (p = 0.034). Lastly, cardiovascular diseases were less common among cagA positive subjects (p = 0.023). Father history of any cancer is a risk factor for H. pylori infection. Polymorphisms in IL1B-511, IL1-RN and EPHX1 exon 3 genes might be protective towards H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Panic
- Institute of Public Health-Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Lee YC, Wang HP, Wang CP, Ko JY, Lee JM, Chiu HM, Lin JT, Yamashita S, Oka D, Watanabe N, Matsuda Y, Ushijima T, Wu MS. Revisit of Field Cancerization in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Upper Aerodigestive Tract: Better Risk Assessment with Epigenetic Markers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:1982-92. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-11-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li J, Wang F, Zhou Q, Ou Z, Jia H, Deng X, He Y, Wu X. IL-1 polymorphisms in children with peptic symptoms in South China. Helicobacter 2011; 16:246-51. [PMID: 21585612 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00837.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms of IL-1 gene cluster are reported to be associated with histological changes and IL-1β expression in the gastric mucosa in adults, especially in Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects. As H. pylori infecting adults and children own different virulence genotypes, the aim of this study was to investigate whether IL-1 polymorphisms are risk factors in young children in South China. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 128 children with peptic symptoms were enrolled in this study. Polymorphisms of IL-1B-511 and IL-1B-31 were identified by dual fluorescence PCR. Variable number of tandem repeat region in IL-1RN was detected by conventional PCR and IL-1β mRNA expression by real-time PCR ddCT assay. RESULTS IL-1B-31T and IL-1B-511C were completely linked in this study. Significant differences of IL-1B-511/-31 genotypes were observed among different clinical outcomes (p = .001). The IL-1B-511TT/-31CC was mostly found in the moderate gastritis and the above (severe gastritis or gastric ulcer) groups, with percentage of 60.7%. While no association was observed between IL-1RN genotypes and the gastric mucosal histological changes (p = .128). Also no relationships were found between IL-1 polymorphisms and H. pylori infection or gastric mucosal IL-1β mRNA expression level. CONCLUSION Children with IL-1B-511TT/-31CC may have a risk to develop relatively severe gastric mucosal histological changes in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Laboratories, the Second Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hamajima N, Hishida A. Genetic traits for the persistence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Per Med 2010; 7:249-262. [PMID: 29776221 DOI: 10.2217/pme.10.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection elevates the risk of gastric diseases, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. Persistent infection is the first step to induce H. pylori-induced multistage diseases. Although the roles of genetic traits on persistent infection have not yet been elucidated, some individuals escape from persistent infection. Possible favorable conditions for H. pylori seem to be low acid secretion, reduced innate immune responses, and easier binding to gastric epithelial cells. IL-1β and TNF-α inhibit acid secretion. The genetic polymorphisms associated with both molecules have the potential to be the genetic traits underlying persistent infection. Functional polymorphisms associated with innate immune responses could also be involved with the genetic traits, but no polymorphisms with consistent associations have been identified so far. The polymorphisms associated with molecules for adhesion to epithelial cells are candidates of genetic traits, but more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Yu J, Zeng Z, Wang S, Tian L, Wu J, Xue L, Lee CW, Zhang M, Goggins WB, Chen M, Hu P, Sung JJY. IL-1B-511 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of certain subtypes of gastric cancer in Chinese: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105:557-64. [PMID: 19904240 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2009.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association of interleukin-1B (IL-1B)-511 polymorphism with gastric cancer is still controversial, and the association of IL-1B-511 polymorphism with subtypes of gastric cancer is still largely unknown. We investigated whether the association between IL-1B-511 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk varies by clinically important tumor characteristics and the prognostic value of this polymorphism in a large population-based case-control study among Chinese. METHODS A population-based case-control study was conducted between 1999 and 2006 in Guangdong Province, China. A total of 1,010 gastric cancer patients and 1,500 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Polymorphism in IL-1B-511 was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism on 501 gastric cancers and 500 healthy controls. RESULTS Compared with the CC genotype, carriers of IL-1B-511 TT genotype had an increased gastric cancer risk (odds ratio (OR)=1.97, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.29-3.01, P=0.0016). TT genotype was significantly associated with intestinal type of gastric cancer (OR=3.16, 95% CI=1.74-5.71, P=0.0001) but not with diffuse or mixed-type gastric cancer. The test for OR heterogeneity between the intestinal-type and non-intestinal-type gastric cancers was statistically significant (P=0.02). In subgroup analyses, TT genotype was found to be associated with poorly differentiated gastric cancer (OR=3.31, 95% CI=1.43-3.60, P<0.0001), but not with moderately or well-differentiated gastric cancer. IL-1B-511 genotypes were not associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-1B polymorphism influences certain subtypes of gastric cancer according to the clinical and pathological features. Understanding the etiologic heterogeneity of gastric cancer may result in improvements in controlling this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Gao L, Weck MN, Nieters A, Brenner H. Inverse association between a pro-inflammatory genetic profile and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity among patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: Enhanced elimination of the infection during disease progression? Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:2860-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Gao L, Weck MN, Nieters A, Brenner H. Association between a pro-inflammatory genetic profile and the risk of chronic atrophic gastritis among older adults from Germany. Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:428-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Current research status of immunology in the genomic era. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 52:43-9. [PMID: 19152083 PMCID: PMC7089291 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-009-0006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This review updates the current status of immunology research under the influence of genomics, both conceptually and technologically. It particularly highlights the advantages of employing the high-throughput and large-scale technology, the large genomic database, and bioinformatic power in the immunology research. The fast development in the fields of basic immunology, clinical immunology (tumor and infectious immunology) and vaccine designing is illustrated with respect to the successful usage of genomic strategy. We also speculate the future research directions of immunology in the era of genomics and post-genomics.
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Mbulaiteye SM, Hisada M, El-Omar EM. Helicobacter Pylori associated global gastric cancer burden. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2009; 14:1490-504. [DOI: 10.2741/3320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection worldwide and is associated with divergent clinical outcomes that range from simple asymptomatic gastritis to more serious conditions, such as peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The key determinants of these outcomes are the severity and distribution of H. pylori-induced gastritis. Host genetic factors play an important role in influencing disease risk, but identifying candidate genes is a major challenge that has to stem from a profound understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. In the case of H. pylori, the most promising candidate genes are ones that attenuate gastric acid secretion and lead to a destructive chronic inflammatory response against the infection. In particular, certain cytokine and innate immune response gene polymorphisms appear to influence risk of gastric cancer and its precursor conditions. There are currently no convincing genetic risk markers for acquisition of H. pylori infection or risk of developing peptic ulcer disease. Future research agendas should focus on identifying the full genetic risk profile for H. pylori-induced gastric neoplasia. This will help to target the population most at risk by directing eradication therapy and closer follow-up to the affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa Snaith
- Department Medicine & Therapeutics, Aberdeen University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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