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Sacerdote P, Mussano F, Franchi S, Panerai A, Bussolati G, Carossa S, Bartorelli A, Bussolati B. Biological components in a standardized derivative of bovine colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:1745-54. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Zava S, Barello C, Pessione A, Garoffo LP, Fattori P, Montorfano G, Conti A, Giunta C, Pessione E, Berra B, Giuffrida MG. Mare's colostrum globules stimulate fibroblast growth in vitro: a biochemical study. J Med Food 2009; 12:836-45. [PMID: 19735185 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The wound repair function of mare's milk and colostrum was investigated. Mare's colostrum improved wound healing in vivo; thus fibroblast growth activation by mare's milk and colostrum was examined. As expected, colostrum was more effective than milk. To establish the biochemical nature of the bioactive molecules involved, colostrum was fractionated into whey, casein, and fat globules, and the efficacy of these fractions on fibroblast proliferation was studied. The fat globule fraction provided the strongest stimulation; its composition was studied and compared with the less-active milk fat globule fraction. The lipid pattern highlighted several differences between mare's colostrum and milk; in particular, total lipid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ganglioside, and glycolipid contents were higher in colostrum. A proteomic investigation revealed some differences between the protein composition of colostrum and milk fat globules. Adipophylin and lactadherin were significantly overexpressed in colostrum fat globules. The role of specific lipids on skin wound repair and that of the epidermal growth factor-like domain, embedded within the lactadherin molecule and probably released in conditions stimulating proteolysis, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zava
- Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Turin, Italy
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Stipcevic T, Piljac A, Piljac G. Enhanced healing of full-thickness burn wounds using di-rhamnolipid. Burns 2006; 32:24-34. [PMID: 16380213 PMCID: PMC1586221 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2005.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of di-rhamnolipid [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-3-hydroxydecanoyl-3-hydroxydecanoic acid, also referred to as di-rhamnolipid BAC-3] relating to the process of cutaneous wound healing. Di-rhamnolipid was prepared in a eucerin ointment and applied topically on full-thickness burn wounds in normal Sprague-Dawley rats covering 5% of the total body surface area. The rate of wound closure was measured over the period of 45 days. The collagen content was evaluated microscopically, by performing densitometric analysis on Verhoeff's stained histopathological slides of wound biopsies taken at the end of 45th day of di-rhamnolipid treatment. Di-rhamnolipid toxicity was assessed with the subcutaneous multi-dose study in Swiss-Webster mice. The treatment of full-thickness-burn wounds with topical 0.1% di-rhamnolipid accelerated the closure of wounds on day 21 of the treatment by 32% compared to the control (p < 0.05). On day 35, the wounds closed in all animals-treated with 0.1% di-rhamnolipid ointment while some rats in the control group had open wounds on days 35 and even 45. Histologic comparisons have shown that di-rhamnolipid significantly decreased collagen content in burn wounds (47.5%, p < 0.05) as compared to the vehicle-treated (control) wounds. Di-rhamnolipid was well-tolerated. The results of this study raise the possibility of potential efficacy of di-rhamnolipid in accelerating normal wound healing and perhaps in overcoming defects associated with healing failure in chronic wounds.
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Saba AA, Freedman BM, Gaffield JW, Mackay DR, Ehrlich HP. Topical platelet-derived growth factor enhances wound closure in the absence of wound contraction: an experimental and clinical study. Ann Plast Surg 2002; 49:62-6; discussion 66. [PMID: 12142597 DOI: 10.1097/00000637-200207000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on wound healing in animal and human models were investigated. Four 1-cm2 wounds were made on the dorsum of 3 rats. A 0.5-cm punch wound was made behind each ear of 4 patients. Half the wounds were treated daily with vehicle, controls, and the rest were treated with PDGF. Treated wounds closed faster than the controls (animals: 16 +/- 3.2 days vs. 17.8 +/- 2.17 days; p < 0.05) and (patients: 16 +/- 0.67 days vs. 19.5 +/- 0.33 days; p < 0.05). Biopsies were taken at day 20 for polarized light-Sirius red histological analysis. The granulation tissue of PDGF-treated wounds showed fine collagen fibers with weak birefringence, characteristic of immature granulation tissue, deposited throughout the healed wound site. Such a pattern indicates wound closure by reepithelialization and filling in with scar. Control wound biopsies showed a small area of immature granulation tissue surrounded by intact dermal thick collagen fibers with strong birefringence. Such a pattern indicates wound closure by wound contraction. This shows that PDGF enhances wound closure by reepithelialization and the prevention of wound contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer A Saba
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Penn State University College of Medicine/Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Low-level laser irradiation at certain fluences and wavelengths can enhance the release of growth factors from fibroblasts and stimulate cell proliferation in vitro. We evaluated whether low-level laser irradiation can improve wound healing in diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetically diabetic mice (C57BL/Ksj/db/db) were used as the animal model for this wound healing study. The experimental animals were divided among four groups: negative control, positive control (topical basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF] on wound), laser therapy group; and a combination group of laser therapy and topical bFGF. An argon dye laser (Lexel Auora Model 600) at a wavelength of 630 nm and an output of 20 m W/cm2 was used as the light source. The speed of wound closure and histological evaluation were used to analyze the experimental results. RESULTS Laser irradiation enhanced the percentage of wound closure over time as compared to the negative control group (58.4 +/- 2.6 vs. 40.8 +/- 3.4 at day 10 and 95.7 +/- 2 vs. 82.3 +/- 3.6 at day 20, P < .01). Histological evaluation showed that laser irradiation improved wound epithelialization, cellular content, granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition in laser-treated wounds as compared to the negative control group (6.4 +/- 0.16 vs. 3.8 +/- 0.13 at day 10 and 12 +/- 0.21 vs. 8.2 +/- 0.31, P < .01). CONCLUSION This study of laser biostimulation on wound healing in diabetic mice suggests that such therapy may be of great benefit in the treatment of chronic wounds that occur as a complication of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yu
- Laser Surgical Research Laboratory, Rochester General Hospital, New York 14621, USA
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Stiernberg J, Norfleet AM, Redin WR, Warner WS, Fritz RR, Carney DH. Acceleration of full-thickness wound healing in normal rats by the synthetic thrombin peptide, TP508. Wound Repair Regen 2000; 8:204-15. [PMID: 10886811 DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2000.00204.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin is an essential factor in hemostasis, inflammation, and tissue repair. The synthetic thrombin peptide, TP508, binds to high-affinity thrombin receptors and mimics cellular effects of thrombin at sites of tissue injury. Treatment of full-thickness excisional wounds in normal rats with a single topical application of 0.1 microg TP508 (14 pmol/cm2) reproducibly accelerates wound closure, yielding wounds that on average close 39% more than controls by day 7 (p < 0.001). Wounds treated with 1.0 microg TP508 are 35% and 43% (p < 0.001) smaller than controls on day 7 and 10, respectively. The early rate of closure is approximately 40% greater in TP508-treated than vehicle-treated wounds (20 versus 14 mm2/day) and remains higher through day 7. Breaking strength after closure is slightly greater (15-23%) in wounds treated with TP508 than with saline alone. Histologic comparisons show that TP508 enhances recruitment of inflammatory cells to the wound site within 24 hours post-injury. TP508 treatment also augments revascularization of injured tissue, as evidenced at day 7 by the larger size of functional vessels in the granulation tissue and by the directed development of blood vessels to wounds. These studies raise the possibility that TP508 may be clinically useful in management of open wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stiernberg
- Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics,The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0645, USA
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Walner DL, Cotton RT, Willging JP, Bove KE, Toriumi DM. Model for evaluating the effect of growth factors on the larynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999; 120:78-83. [PMID: 9914553 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-5998(99)70373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors are proteins that help regulate the inflammatory response and wound healing in tissues. After laryngotracheal surgery, proper wound healing is important in maintaining the reconstructed airway. The application of growth factor to the respiratory mucosa of the larynx and its effect on wound healing within the airway have not been studied. This study was designed to establish a model for the evaluation of wound healing after the application of growth factor to composite respiratory mucosa and cartilage surfaces at the time of laryngotracheoplasty. Forty rabbits underwent anterior cricoid cartilage split with or without the use of a cartilage graft. Platelet-derived growth factor or a placebo substance was applied to the wound at the time of surgery. This study offers a model for studying wound healing in the airway that is reproducible with limited morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Walner
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Abstract
Growth factors have many activities that make them attractive agents for stimulating tissue repair. Growth factors attract cells into the wound, stimulate their proliferation, and have profound influence on extracellular matrix deposition. Since developing the ability to mass-produce these cytokines by recombinant techniques, hundreds of studies have demonstrated that growth factors can augment all aspects of tissue repair in normal and impaired healing models. After demonstrating that growth factors augment healing, investigators have started to detect and measure growth factors in wounds and have found that wounding initiates the expression of various growth factors. Impaired healing has also been linked to altered growth factor production. These findings have prompted great interest in the use of growth factors to augment clinical healing. Preliminary clinical trials have not produced the results expected. Growth factor treatment has occasionally led to statistically significant improvements in tissue repair, but whether the results are clinically significant can be debated. It appears that to be cost effective, clinical trials must focus on targeting growth factors for specific types of impaired healing. Although growth factors have not been the panacea that was originally expected, they have the potential for making significant clinical improvements when targeted for specific problem wounds.
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Cross SE, Naylor IL, Coleman RA, Teo TC. An experimental model to investigate the dynamics of wound contraction. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 1995; 48:189-97. [PMID: 7640850 DOI: 10.1016/0007-1226(95)90001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An excisional wound model in the Hooded Lister rat is described. The methods used to inflict, measure and characterise the process of wound contraction are comprehensively discussed. The model is shown to be reliable, reproducible and capable of detecting the effect of systemically administered prednisolone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Cross
- Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, UK
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Kiritsy CP, Lynch AB, Lynch SE. Role of growth factors in cutaneous wound healing: a review. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 1993; 4:729-60. [PMID: 8292715 DOI: 10.1177/10454411930040050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The well-orchestrated, complex series of events resulting in the repair of cutaneous wounds are, at least in part, regulated by polypeptide growth factors. This review provides a detailed overview of the known functions, interactions, and mechanisms of action of growth factors in the context of the overall repair process in cutaneous wounds. An overview of the cellular and molecular events involved in soft tissue repair is initially presented, followed by a review of widely studied growth factors and a discussion of commonly utilized preclinical animal models. The article concludes with a summary of the preliminary results from human clinical trials evaluating the effects of growth factors in the healing of chronic skin ulcers. Throughout, the interactions among the growth factors in the wound-healing process are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Kiritsy
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Inc., Worcester, Massachusetts 01605-4308
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Abstract
This study investigated whether platelet-derived growth factor, a potent inducer of cell proliferation, was identifiable in association with myofibroblasts in Dupuytren's disease. Myofibroblasts in the hypercellular disease stages showed a strong reaction to platelet-derived growth factor antibody using light and electron microscopic immunochemical labels. Platelet-derived growth factor may play a role as a cellular signal for myofibroblast proliferation in the formation of the pathognomonic nodule in Dupuytren's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Badalamente
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-8181
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Ksander GA, Sawamura SJ, Ogawa Y, Sundsmo J, McPherson JM. The effect of platelet releasate on wound healing in animal models. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990; 22:781-91. [PMID: 2347964 DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(90)70109-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The alpha granules of platelets contain growth factors that are important in wound healing. We found that a major effect of thrombin-induced human platelet releasates in animal models of wound healing is to enhance the development of granulation tissue and new connective tissue matrix. These studies provide further evidence that platelet-derived protein factors may be useful in treating full-thickness dermal wounds by increasing the rate of granulation tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Ksander
- Celtrix Laboratories, Collagen Corporation, Palo Alto, CA 94303
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Chapter 24. Exogenous Growth Factors in Dermal Wound Healing. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)60546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Lynch SE, Nixon JC, Colvin RB, Antoniades HN. Role of platelet-derived growth factor in wound healing: synergistic effects with other growth factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84:7696-700. [PMID: 3499612 PMCID: PMC299367 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.21.7696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitro stimulates DNA synthesis and chemotaxis of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells and stimulates collagen, glycosaminoglycan, and collagenase production by fibroblasts. These in vitro properties suggest that PDGF, delivered by platelets to the site of injury in vivo, may play an important role in the initiation of the wound repair process. Studies presented here show that the addition of pure PDGF to a wound site involving the epidermis and dermis has little effect on the morphology or biochemistry of the healing wound. In contrast, the addition of partially purified PDGF resulted in significant dose-dependent increases in the width of the newly synthesized connective tissue and epidermal layers. Autoradiography using [3H]thymidine revealed increased numbers of labeled cells in the new connective tissue and epithelial layers. Furthermore, addition of partially purified PDGF resulted in significant increases in the rate of protein and DNA synthesis and the total content of these components in biopsies taken from the wound site. Similar effects were obtained when insulin-like growth factor I was added in combination with pure PDGF. This combination of factors caused a 2.4-fold increase in the width of the newly formed connective tissue layer and a 95% increase in epidermal thickness compared with controls. Insulin-like growth factor I alone caused no significant morphologic changes. Epidermal growth factor alone or in combination with PDGF resulted in a thickening only of the epidermis. These results indicate that the synergistic actions of other factors with PDGF are important in the modulation of the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Lynch
- Department of Periodontics, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115
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