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Arqueros C, Salazar J, Gallardo A, Andrés M, Tibau A, Lidia Bell O, Artigas A, Lasa A, Ramón y Cajal T, Lerma E, Barnadas A. Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine ( SPARC) Polymorphisms in Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3231. [PMID: 38137452 PMCID: PMC10741005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression has been proposed as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for some cancer types, but knowledge about the predictive value of SPARC polymorphisms in the context of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC) is lacking. In 132 HER2-negative BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we determined polymorphisms in the SPARC gene and analyzed their association with outcome. We also determined SPARC protein expression in tumor tissue. SPARC rs19789707 was significantly associated with response to treatment according to the Miller and Payne system in the breast (multivariate: odds ratio (OR), 3.81; p = 0.028). This association was significant in the subgroup of patients with luminal tumors (univariate: p = 0.047). Regarding survival, two SPARC variants showed significant associations with event-free survival: the rs19789707 variant in the subgroup of luminal A tumors (univariate: p = 0.006), and the rs4958487 variant in the subgroup of luminal B tumors (univariate: p = 0.022). In addition, SPARC rs4958487, rs10065756, and rs12153644 were significantly correlated with SPARC protein expression. Our findings suggest that SPARC polymorphisms could be good predictors of treatment response and survival in BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, especially those with luminal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Arqueros
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Salazar
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Andrés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Ariadna Tibau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Olga Lidia Bell
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Artigas
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramón y Cajal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Han S, Liu X, Ju S, Mu W, Abulikemu G, Zhen Q, Yang J, Zhang J, Li Y, Liu H, Chen Q, Cui B, Wu S, Zhang Y. New mechanisms and biomarkers of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: reflections from plasma proteomics. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:35. [PMID: 37689639 PMCID: PMC10492398 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lymph node metastasis (LNM) and lymphatic vasculature space infiltration (LVSI) in cervical cancer patients indicate a poor prognosis, but satisfactory methods for diagnosing these phenotypes are lacking. This study aimed to find new effective plasma biomarkers of LNM and LVSI as well as possible mechanisms underlying LNM and LVSI through data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteome sequencing. METHODS A total of 20 cervical cancer plasma samples, including 7 LNM-/LVSI-(NC), 4 LNM-/LVSI + (LVSI) and 9 LNM + /LVSI + (LNM) samples from a cohort, were subjected to DIA to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) for LVSI and LNM. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed for DEP functional annotation. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to detect new effective plasma biomarkers and possible mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 79 DEPs were identified in the cohort. GO and KEGG analyses showed that DEPs were mainly enriched in the complement and coagulation pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis pathway, HIF-1 signal transduction pathway and phagosome and autophagy. WGCNA showed that the enrichment of the green module differed greatly between groups. Six interesting core DEPs (SPARC, HPX, VCAM1, TFRC, ERN1 and APMAP) were confirmed to be potential plasma diagnostic markers for LVSI and LNM in cervical cancer patients. CONCLUSION Proteomic signatures developed in this study reflected the potential plasma diagnostic markers and new possible pathogenesis mechanisms in the LVSI and LNM of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Ju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendi Mu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Gulijinaiti Abulikemu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwei Zhen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxia Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang S, Sun HF, Li S, Zhang N, Chen JS, Liu JX. SPARC: a potential target for functional nanomaterials and drugs. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1235428. [PMID: 37577749 PMCID: PMC10419254 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1235428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also termed osteonectin or BM-40, is a matricellular protein which regulates cell adhesion, extracellular matrix production, growth factor activity, and cell cycle. Although SPARC does not perform a structural function, it, however, modulates interactions between cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix due to its anti-proliferative and anti-adhesion properties. The overexpression of SPARC at sites, including injury, regeneration, obesity, cancer, and inflammation, reveals its application as a prospective target and therapeutic indicator in the treatment and assessment of disease. This article comprehensively summarizes the mechanism of SPARC overexpression in inflammation and tumors as well as the latest research progress of functional nanomaterials in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and tumors by manipulating SPARC as a new target. This article provides ideas for using functional nanomaterials to treat inflammatory diseases through the SPARC target. The purpose of this article is to provide a reference for ongoing disease research based on SPARC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hui-Feng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Ji-Song Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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4
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Alcaraz LB, Mallavialle A, Mollevi C, Boissière-Michot F, Mansouri H, Simony-Lafontaine J, Laurent-Matha V, Chardès T, Jacot W, Turtoi A, Roger P, Guiu S, Liaudet-Coopman E. SPARC in cancer-associated fibroblasts is an independent poor prognostic factor in non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and exhibits pro-tumor activity. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1243-1258. [PMID: 36346290 PMCID: PMC10099777 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and lacks specific targeted therapeutic agents. The current mechanistic evidence from cell-based studies suggests that the matricellular protein SPARC has a tumor-promoting role in TNBC; however, data on the clinical relevance of SPARC expression/secretion by tumor and stromal cells in TNBC are limited. Here, we analyzed by immunohistochemistry the prognostic value of tumor and stromal cell SPARC expression in 148 patients with non-metastatic TNBC and long follow-up (median: 5.4 years). We also quantified PD-L1 and PD-1 expression. We detected SPARC expression in tumor cells (42.4%), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs; 88.1%), tumor-associated macrophages (77.1%), endothelial cells (75.2%) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (9.8%). Recurrence-free survival was significantly lower in patients with SPARC-expressing CAFs. Multivariate analysis showed that SPARC expression in CAFs was an independent prognostic factor. We also detected tumor and stromal cell SPARC expression in TNBC cytosols, and in patient-derived xenografts and cell lines. Furthermore, we analyzed publicly available single-cell mRNA sequencing data and found that in TNBC, SPARC is expressed by different CAF subpopulations, including myofibroblasts and inflammatory fibroblasts that are involved in tumor-related processes. We then showed that fibroblast-secreted SPARC had a tumor-promoting role by inhibiting TNBC cell adhesion and stimulating their motility and invasiveness. Overall, our study demonstrates that SPARC expression in CAFs is an independent prognostic marker of poor outcome in TNBC. Patients with SPARC-expressing CAFs could be eligible for anti-SPARC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Mollevi
- Biometry Unit, ICM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hanane Mansouri
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,RHEM, IRCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - William Jacot
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Translational Research Unit, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Roger
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU, Nîmes, France
| | - Séverine Guiu
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, ICM, Montpellier, France
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5
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Feng D, Gao P, Henley N, Dubuissez M, Chen N, Laurin LP, Royal V, Pichette V, Gerarduzzi C. SMOC2 promotes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a pro-metastatic phenotype in epithelial cells of renal cell carcinoma origin. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:639. [PMID: 35869056 PMCID: PMC9307531 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of all renal cancer cases, and well-known for its highly aggressive metastatic behavior. SMOC2 is a recently described non-structural component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is highly expressed during tissue remodeling processes with emerging roles in cancers, yet its role in RCC remains elusive. Using gene expression profiles from patient samples, we identified SMOC2 as being significantly expressed in RCC tissue compared to normal renal tissue, which correlated with shorter RCC patient survival. Specifically, de novo protein synthesis of SMOC2 was shown to be much higher in the tubular epithelial cells of patients with biopsy-proven RCC. More importantly, we provide evidence of SMOC2 triggering kidney epithelial cells into an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenotype known to promote metastasis. We found that SMOC2 induced mesenchymal-like morphology and activities in both RCC and non-RCC kidney epithelial cell lines. Mechanistically, treatment of RCC cell lines ACHN and 786-O with SMOC2 (recombinant and enforced expression) caused a significant increase in EMT-markers, -matrix production, -proliferation, and -migration, which were inhibited by targeting SMOC2 by siRNA. We further characterized SMOC2 activation of EMT to occur through the integrin β3, FAK and paxillin pathway. The proliferation and metastatic potential of SMOC2 overexpressing ACHN and 786-O cell lines were validated in vivo by their significantly higher tumor growth in kidneys and systemic dissemination into other organs when compared to their respective controls. In principle, understanding the impact that SMOC2 has on EMT may lead to more evidence-based treatments and biomarkers for RCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feng
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peng Gao
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Henley
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marion Dubuissez
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nan Chen
- Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Louis-Philippe Laurin
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Virginie Royal
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Pichette
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Lepucki A, Orlińska K, Mielczarek-Palacz A, Kabut J, Olczyk P, Komosińska-Vassev K. The Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051250. [PMID: 35268340 PMCID: PMC8911242 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is a structure composed of many molecules, including fibrillar (types I, II, III, V, XI, XXIV, XXVII) and non-fibrillar collagens (mainly basement membrane collagens: types IV, VIII, X), non-collagenous glycoproteins (elastin, laminin, fibronectin, thrombospondin, tenascin, osteopontin, osteonectin, entactin, periostin) embedded in a gel of negatively charged water-retaining glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as non-sulfated hyaluronic acid (HA) and sulfated GAGs which are linked to a core protein to form proteoglycans (PGs). This highly dynamic molecular network provides critical biochemical and biomechanical cues that mediate the cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, influence cell growth, migration and differentiation and serve as a reservoir of cytokines and growth factors’ action. The breakdown of normal ECM and its replacement with tumor ECM modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) composition and is an essential part of tumorigenesis and metastasis, acting as key driver for malignant progression. Abnormal ECM also deregulate behavior of stromal cells as well as facilitating tumor-associated angiogenesis and inflammation. Thus, the tumor matrix modulates each of the classically defined hallmarks of cancer promoting the growth, survival and invasion of the cancer. Moreover, various ECM-derived components modulate the immune response affecting T cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), dendritic cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). This review article considers the role that extracellular matrix play in breast cancer. Determining the detailed connections between the ECM and cellular processes has helped to identify novel disease markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Lepucki
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.L.); (K.O.)
| | - Kinga Orlińska
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.L.); (K.O.)
| | - Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.M.-P.); (J.K.)
| | - Jacek Kabut
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.M.-P.); (J.K.)
| | - Pawel Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.L.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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7
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Alcaraz LB, Mallavialle A, David T, Derocq D, Delolme F, Dieryckx C, Mollevi C, Boissière-Michot F, Simony-Lafontaine J, Du Manoir S, Huesgen PF, Overall CM, Tartare-Deckert S, Jacot W, Chardès T, Guiu S, Roger P, Reinheckel T, Moali C, Liaudet-Coopman E. A 9-kDa matricellular SPARC fragment released by cathepsin D exhibits pro-tumor activity in the triple-negative breast cancer microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6173-6192. [PMID: 33995652 PMCID: PMC8120228 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Alternative therapeutic strategies based on tumor-specific molecular targets are urgently needed for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The protease cathepsin D (cath-D) is a marker of poor prognosis in TNBC and a tumor-specific extracellular target for antibody-based therapy. The identification of cath-D substrates is crucial for the mechanistic understanding of its role in the TNBC microenvironment and future therapeutic developments. Methods: The cath-D substrate repertoire was investigated by N-Terminal Amine Isotopic Labeling of Substrates (TAILS)-based degradome analysis in a co-culture assay of TNBC cells and breast fibroblasts. Substrates were validated by amino-terminal oriented mass spectrometry of substrates (ATOMS). Cath-D and SPARC expression in TNBC was examined using an online transcriptomic survival analysis, tissue micro-arrays, TNBC cell lines, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), human TNBC samples, and mammary tumors from MMTV-PyMT Ctsd-/-knock-out mice. The biological role of SPARC and its fragments in TNBC were studied using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis, gene expression knockdown, co-culture assays, western blot analysis, RT-quantitative PCR, adhesion assays, Transwell motility, trans-endothelial migration and invasion assays. Results: TAILS analysis showed that the matricellular protein SPARC is a substrate of extracellular cath-D. In vitro, cath-D induced limited proteolysis of SPARC C-terminal extracellular Ca2+ binding domain at acidic pH, leading to the production of SPARC fragments (34-, 27-, 16-, 9-, and 6-kDa). Similarly, cath-D secreted by TNBC cells cleaved fibroblast- and cancer cell-derived SPARC at the tumor pericellular acidic pH. SPARC cleavage also occurred in TNBC tumors. Among these fragments, only the 9-kDa SPARC fragment inhibited TNBC cell adhesion and spreading on fibronectin, and stimulated their migration, endothelial transmigration, and invasion. Conclusions: Our study establishes a novel crosstalk between proteases and matricellular proteins in the tumor microenvironment through limited SPARC proteolysis, revealing a novel targetable 9-kDa bioactive SPARC fragment for new TNBC treatments. Our study will pave the way for the development of strategies for targeting bioactive fragments from matricellular proteins in TNBC.
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8
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Mahmoodi M, Ferdowsi S, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Kamian S, Ai J. Tissue engineering applications in breast cancer. J Med Eng Technol 2020; 44:162-168. [PMID: 32401543 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2020.1757771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In Iran, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women. The standard treatment for this cancer is partial or total removal of breast tissue, followed by chemotherapy and radiation. Tissue engineering (TE) has made new treatments for tissue loss in these patients by creating functional substitutes in the laboratory. In addition, cancer biology combined with TE provides a new strategy for evaluation of anti-BC therapy. Several innovations in TE have led to the design of scaffold or matrix based culture systems that more closely mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Currently, engineered three-dimensional (3D) cultures are being developed for modelling of the tumour microenvironment. These 3D cultures fulfil the need for in vitro approaches that allow an accurate study of the molecular mechanisms and a better analysis of the drugs effect. In the present study, we review recent developments in utilising of TE in BC. Moreover, this review describes achievements of Iranian researchers in the field of breast TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffar Mahmoodi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shirin Ferdowsi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Kamian
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Vashum Y, Khashim Z. Obesity and Cathepsin K: A Complex Pathophysiological Relationship in Breast Cancer Metastases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:1227-1231. [PMID: 32368981 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200505115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer appears in a strong inclination to metastasize in bone tissue. Several strategies are discussed in combating bone metastasis in breast cancer. However, therapy is only palliative and does not provide any improvement in survival to the majority of patients with advanced cancer. Obese and overweight women with breast cancer are three times more likely to develop metastatic disease compared to normal-weight women with the same treatment regimen. Overweight greatly intensify adipocytes formation in the bone marrow affecting bone metabolism by decreasing osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Cathepsin K (CTSK), a cysteine protease, effectively degrades several components of the extracellular matrix and has the ability to differentiate adipocytes from bone marrow lineage. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the underlying mechanism of CTSK and obesity role in breast cancer metastasis. METHODS Systematic review was performed using PubMed, EMBASE. The evidence of obesity and CTSK in breast cancer skeletal metastasis were analyzed, summarized and compared. RESULTS The present investigation argues for a specific association of CTSK with breast cancer skeletal metastasis by promoting adipocyte differentiation. The potential tumor-supporting roles of adipocytes are well documented, and in fact, suppressing adipocyte could be a new therapeutic option in the battle against lethal metastatic breast cancers. CONCLUSION This review emphasizes CTSK through its multifaceted role in differentiating adipocytes, inflammation, and extracellular degradation, may be a critical factor in an obesity-cancer connection. Thus, integration of CTSK targeting strategies into established traditional therapies seems to hold substantial promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaongamphi Vashum
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra-411040, India
| | - Zenith Khashim
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN 55905, United States
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10
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Gerarduzzi C, Hartmann U, Leask A, Drobetsky E. The Matrix Revolution: Matricellular Proteins and Restructuring of the Cancer Microenvironment. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2705-2717. [PMID: 32193287 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding cells is indispensable for regulating their behavior. The dynamics of ECM signaling are tightly controlled throughout growth and development. During tissue remodeling, matricellular proteins (MCP) are secreted into the ECM. These factors do not serve classical structural roles, but rather regulate matrix proteins and cell-matrix interactions to influence normal cellular functions. In the tumor microenvironment, it is becoming increasingly clear that aberrantly expressed MCPs can support multiple hallmarks of carcinogenesis by interacting with various cellular components that are coupled to an array of downstream signals. Moreover, MCPs also reorganize the biomechanical properties of the ECM to accommodate metastasis and tumor colonization. This realization is stimulating new research on MCPs as reliable and accessible biomarkers in cancer, as well as effective and selective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ursula Hartmann
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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11
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Nakazawa Y, Nakazawa S, Kurozumi S, Ogino M, Koibuchi Y, Odawara H, Oyama T, Horiguchi J, Fujii T, Shirabe K. The pathological complete response and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine expression in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2705-2712. [PMID: 32218821 PMCID: PMC7068243 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that can accurately predict treatment response are required for indicating optimal neoadjuvant treatments. The current study assessed the predictive value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) mRNA expression for the response to neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) therapy in patients with breast cancer. It was hypothesized that SPARC expression can affect the response to albumin-bound taxanes, including nab-PTX since SPARC binds albumin with a high affinity. Pre-therapeutic specimens of core needle biopsies were analyzed from 50 patients in a phase II trial of neoadjuvant nab-PTX and the factors that were associated with a pathological complete response (pCR) were assessed. The pre-therapeutic tumor mRNA levels of chemotherapy-related proteins were quantified, including SPARC, and the correlations with post-therapeutic clinicopathological factors were assessed, including with pCR. The results demonstrated that pre-therapeutic SPARC mRNA expression was significantly higher in non-pCR patients compared with patients with pCR (92.37±55.33 vs. 56.53±30.19; P=0.027). A cutoff point of 48.5 was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 50.0%), and patients were classified into low and high SPARC expression groups. High SPARC expression was associated with histological grade (P=0.035), estrogen receptor expression (P=0.037), and progesterone receptor expression (P=0.002) but not with HER2 (P=0.895), and Ki-67 LI (P=0.743) expression. The results of the current study indicated that a high SPARC mRNA expression was a negative predictor of pCR following neoadjuvant nab-PTX therapy regardless of breast cancer subtype. The phase II study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center (Registration nos. H23-9 and H23-33).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Misato Ogino
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Yukio Koibuchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroki Odawara
- Department of Surgery, Toho Hospital, Midori, Gunma 376-0121, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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12
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Rigoglio NN, Rabelo ACS, Borghesi J, de Sá Schiavo Matias G, Fratini P, Prazeres PHDM, Pimentel CMMM, Birbrair A, Miglino MA. The Tumor Microenvironment: Focus on Extracellular Matrix. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1245:1-38. [PMID: 32266651 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates the development and maintains tissue homeostasis. The ECM is composed of a complex network of molecules presenting distinct biochemical properties to regulate cell growth, survival, motility, and differentiation. Among their components, proteoglycans (PGs) are considered one of the main components of ECM. Its composition, biomechanics, and anisotropy are exquisitely tuned to reflect the physiological state of the tissue. The loss of ECM's homeostasis is seen as one of the hallmarks of cancer and, typically, defines transitional events in tumor progression and metastasis. In this chapter, we discuss the types of proteoglycans and their roles in cancer. It has been observed that the amount of some ECM components is increased, while others are decreased, depending on the type of tumor. However, both conditions corroborate with tumor progression and malignancy. Therefore, ECM components have an increasingly important role in carcinogenesis and this leads us to believe that their understanding may be a key in the discovery of new anti-tumor therapies. In this book, the main ECM components will be discussed in more detail in each chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathia Nathaly Rigoglio
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica Borghesi
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Sá Schiavo Matias
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Fratini
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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13
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Fiorino S, Di Saverio S, Leandri P, Tura A, Birtolo C, Silingardi M, de Biase D, Avisar E. The role of matricellular proteins and tissue stiffness in breast cancer: a systematic review. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1601-1627. [PMID: 29939077 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignancies consist not only of cancerous and nonmalignant cells, but also of additional elements, as extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to summarize meta-analyses, describing breast tissue stiffness and risk of breast carcinoma (BC) assessing the potential relationship between matricellular proteins (MPs) and survival. A systematic computer-based search of published articles, according to PRISMA statement, was conducted through Ovid interface. Mammographic density and tissue stiffness are associated with the risk of BC development, suggesting that MPs may influence BC prognosis. No definitive conclusions are available and additional researches are required to definitively clarify the role of each MP, mammographic density and stiffness in BC development and the mechanisms involved in the onset of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Box 201, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Paolo Leandri
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Tura
- Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Birtolo
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda USL-Maggiore Hospital, Largo Nigrisoli 3, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Silingardi
- Internal Medicine 'A' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Molecular Pathology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eli Avisar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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14
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Suzuki Y, Oshima T, Yoshihara K, Sakamaki K, Aoyama T, Cho H, Shiozawa M, Yoshikawa T, Rino Y, Imada T, Masuda M. Clinical significance of secreted protein, acidic and cysteine-rich gene expression in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer following curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7335-7343. [PMID: 29725448 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for stage II/III gastric cancer is surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine anticancer agents, including S-1. The protein, secreted protein, acidic and cysteine-rich (SPARC), promotes angiogenesis, and the proliferation and migration of cancer cells. The present study evaluated the significance of expression of the SPARC gene in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer who had undergone surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed in order to quantify mRNA expression levels of SPARC in cancer tissues and adjacent normal mucosa obtained from 134 patients with stage II/III gastric cancer who had undergone surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1. The mRNA expression level of SPARC was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in adjacent normal mucosa (P=0.0012). Additionally, the 5-year overall survival rate was significantly poorer in patients with high SPARC gene expression than in those with low expression (P<0.0001). Furthermore, multivariate analysis indicated that high SPARC mRNA expression was a significant predictor of poorer survival in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer who had undergone surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 (HR, 5.347; P<0.0001). Therefore, high expression of the SPARC gene may be a useful predictor of outcomes in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer, who have received treatment involving surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazue Yoshihara
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sakamaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Cho
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshio Imada
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 234-0054, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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15
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Zhu A, Yuan P, Du F, Hong R, Ding X, Shi X, Fan Y, Wang J, Luo Y, Ma F, Zhang P, Li Q, Xu B. SPARC overexpression in primary tumors correlates with disease recurrence and overall survival in patients with triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76628-76634. [PMID: 27421134 PMCID: PMC5363535 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SPARC/osteonectin expression is reportedly altered in various malignancies. However, little is known regarding to the prognostic value of SPARC in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. In this study, immunohistochemistry and immunoreactive scores (IRSs) were used to evaluate SPARC protein expression in primary tumors from 211 TNBC patients with up to 10 years of clinical follow-up data. High SPARC expression (IRS ≥3) was detected in 52.1% of primary tumors. Patients expressing high SPARC levels had worse disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.01-2.47, P=0.044) and overall survival (OS) (HR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.85, P=0.029) than patients with lower SPARC levels. Furthermore, high SPARC expression was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (HR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.10-2.73, P=0.018) and OS (HR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.14-3.16, P=0.014) in TNBC patients. These results suggest that increased SPARC expression may be an indicator of greater aggressiveness, and may serve as a prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
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16
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High expression of intratumoral stromal proteins is associated with chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:55155-55168. [PMID: 27487140 PMCID: PMC5342408 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the changes of intratumoral stromal proteins including THBS1, TNC, FN, SPARC and α-SMA, following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The underlying mechanisms by which THBS1 and TNC regulated resistance to docetaxel were further studied using functional studies. 100 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer were treated with alternating sequential doxorubicin and docetaxel. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for stromal proteins was performed on pre- and post-treatment core biopsies respectively. THBS1 and TNC were further validated with IHC in an independent cohort of 31 patients. A high baseline combined expression score of the 5 stromal proteins predicted independently for poor progression-free (HRadjusted 2.22, 95% CI 1.06–4.64) and overall survival (HRadjusted 5.94, 95% CI 2.25–15.71). After 1–2 cycles of chemotherapy, increased expression of THBS1, TNC, FN, SPARC and α-SMA was seen in patients with subsequent pathological lymph node involvement at surgery. Increased expression of THBS1 and TNC compared to baseline was also seen in intrinsically resistant tumors, but not in sensitive ones. Both THBS1 and TNC-associated chemoresistance were confirmed in an independent validation cohort. Exogenous THBS1 and TNC protected MCF-7 cells against proliferation inhibition induced by docetaxel through activating integrin β1/mTOR pathway. Thus, up-regulation of THBS1, TNC, FN, SPARC and α-SMA following neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer patients. Functional studies showed THBS1 and TNC to mediate chemoresistance through the integrin β1/mTOR pathway, suggesting that therapies targeting integrin β1/mTOR pathway may be a promising strategy to overcome chemotherapy resistance.
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17
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Mihaylova Z, Tsikandelova R, Sanimirov P, Gateva N, Mitev V, Ishkitiev N. Role of PDGF-BB in proliferation, differentiation and maintaining stem cell properties of PDL cells in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 85:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Peng F, Zhong Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Lu Y, Zhang X, Li D. SPARC suppresses lymph node metastasis by regulating the expression of VEGFs in ovarian carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1920-1928. [PMID: 29075785 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is one of the most valuable determinants for the prognosis of ovarian cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying lymphangiogenesis in ovarian cancer is still poorly understood. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a Ca2+-binding matricellular glycoprotein that modulates cell adhesion, migration and differentiation, is thought to play a decisive role in tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D contributes to tumor-associated lymphatic vessel growth, enhancing the metastatic spread of tumor cells to lymph nodes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among SPARC, VEGFs and lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer. We found that SKOV3 cells expressed high-level SPARC, much more than SKOV3-PM4 cells (a subline with high directional lymphatic metastatic potentials established from the metastatic lymph node generated by human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 in nude mice) did at both mRNA and protein levels. A SPARC-overexpressed SKOV3-PM4 cell line was constructed and it was found that upregulation of SPARC expression suppressed the growth, migration and invasion of SKOV3-PM4 cells as well as markedly reduced the expression of VEGF-D at both mRNA and protein level by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assay. In 47 of ovarian malignant tissues, the expression of SPARC, VEGF-C and VEGF-D were determined by immunohistochemistry. Lymphatic microvessel density (LVD) and microvessel density (MVD) were evaluated by immunostaining with CD34 and D2-40 antibodies, respectively. We found that SPARC expression was significantly lower in tissues with lymph node metastasis as compared to tissues without lymph node metastasis. SPARC expression was inversely associated with the degree of malignancy and it had a negative correlation with VEGF-C expression, VEGF-D expression, LVD and MVD which were actually higher for advanced tumors than for non-advanced tumors. These results suggest SPARC might function as a tumor suppressor inhibiting angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in ovarian cancer by reducing the expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Peng
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhong
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yihong Xie
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yingxin Lu
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xinyin Zhang
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Danrong Li
- Affliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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19
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Ma J, Gao S, Xie X, Sun E, Zhang M, Zhou Q, Lu C. SPARC inhibits breast cancer bone metastasis and may be a clinical therapeutic target. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5876-5882. [PMID: 29113221 PMCID: PMC5661402 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in females worldwide, and metastasis to bone is an important characteristic of malignancy. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of breast cancer to bone metastasis of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC). Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of SPARC in primary breast tumors and bone metastatic foci. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the expression level of SPARC in several types of breast cancer cell. A Transwell filter assay was used to assess the effect of SPARC on breast cancer cell invasion ability, and an osteoblast differentiation assay was employed to analyze the effect of SPARC on the differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells. Clinical data revealed that decreased stromal SPARC expression is associated with breast cancer to bone metastasis. Gain- and loss-of-function studies reveal that SPARC inhibits the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and suppresses osteoclast activation in the breast cancer microenvironment. SPARC serves an important role in breast cancer bone metastasis and may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiju Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Erhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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20
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Güttlein LN, Benedetti LG, Fresno C, Spallanzani RG, Mansilla SF, Rotondaro C, Raffo Iraolagoitia XL, Salvatierra E, Bravo AI, Fernández EA, Gottifredi V, Zwirner NW, Llera AS, Podhajcer OL. Predictive Outcomes for HER2-enriched Cancer Using Growth and Metastasis Signatures Driven By SPARC. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 15:304-316. [PMID: 28031408 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0243-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of metastatic dissemination is crucial for the rational design of novel therapeutics. The secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein which has been extensively associated with human breast cancer aggressiveness although the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, shRNA-mediated SPARC knockdown greatly reduced primary tumor growth and completely abolished lung colonization of murine 4T1 and LM3 breast malignant cells implanted in syngeneic BALB/c mice. A comprehensive study including global transcriptomic analysis followed by biological validations confirmed that SPARC induces primary tumor growth by enhancing cell cycle and by promoting a COX-2-mediated expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The role of SPARC in metastasis involved a COX-2-independent enhancement of cell disengagement from the primary tumor and adherence to the lungs that fostered metastasis implantation. Interestingly, SPARC-driven gene expression signatures obtained from these murine models predicted the clinical outcome of patients with HER2-enriched breast cancer subtypes. In total, the results reveal that SPARC and its downstream effectors are attractive targets for antimetastatic therapies in breast cancer.Implications: These findings shed light on the prometastatic role of SPARC, a key protein expressed by breast cancer cells and surrounding stroma, with important consequences for disease outcome. Mol Cancer Res; 15(3); 304-16. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro N Güttlein
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena G Benedetti
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Unidad Asociada: Área de Cs. Agrarias, Ingeniería, Cs. Biológicas y de la Salud. CONICET. Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Raúl G Spallanzani
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina F Mansilla
- Laboratorio de Ciclo Celular y Estabilidad Genómica, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Rotondaro
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ximena L Raffo Iraolagoitia
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edgardo Salvatierra
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia I Bravo
- Unidad de Inmunopatología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Eva Perón, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elmer A Fernández
- Unidad Asociada: Área de Cs. Agrarias, Ingeniería, Cs. Biológicas y de la Salud. CONICET. Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Gottifredi
- Laboratorio de Ciclo Celular y Estabilidad Genómica, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norberto W Zwirner
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Llera
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo L Podhajcer
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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21
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In phyllodes tumors of the breast expression of SPARC (osteonectin/BM40) mRNA by in situ hybridization correlates with protein expression by immunohistochemistry and is associated with tumor progression. Virchows Arch 2016; 470:91-98. [PMID: 27909812 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-2048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) plays an essential role in tumor invasion and metastasis. The present work was undertaken to detect expression of SPARC mRNA in phyllodes tumors (PTs) and its association with SPARC protein expression. This study also evaluated expression of SPARC mRNA and its correlation between grade and clinical behavior of PTs. In addition, we assessed in PTs the association of expression of SPARC with that of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and of MMP-9. SPARC mRNA expression was determined by RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) in 50 benign, 22 borderline, and 10 malignant PTs using a tissue microarray. Furthermore, we applied immunohistochemistry (IHC) to examine expression of SPARC, MMP-2, and MMP-9. SPARC mRNA appeared to be concentrated mainly in the stromal compartment of PTs. IHC staining patterns of SPARC protein showed concordance with SPARC mRNA ISH results. Stromal SPARC expression increased continuously as PTs progress from benign through borderline to malignant PTs, both at mRNA (using ISH) (P = 0.044) and protein level (using IHC) (P = 0.000). The recurrence percentage was higher in the stromal SPARC mRNA or protein-positive group than in the SPARC-negative group but this difference was not statistically significant. Stromal SPARC mRNA and protein expression was associated with PT grade and correlated with MMP-2 expression. These results indicate that SPARC-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix, and its possible association with MMPs, might contribute to progression of PTs.
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22
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Szynglarewicz B, Kasprzak P, Donizy P, Biecek P, Halon A, Matkowski R. Ductal carcinoma in situ on stereotactic biopsy of suspicious breast microcalcifications: Expression of SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) can predict postoperative invasion. J Surg Oncol 2016; 114:548-556. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.24373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Kasprzak
- Department of Breast Imaging; Lower Silesia Oncology Center; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics; University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Breast Unit; Department of Surgical Oncology; Lower Silesia Oncology Center; Wroclaw Poland
- Department of Oncology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
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Roldan-Deamicis A, Alonso E, Brie B, Braico DA, Balogh GA. Maitake Pro4X has anti-cancer activity and prevents oncogenesis in BALBc mice. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2427-41. [PMID: 27401257 PMCID: PMC5055164 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the immune tolerance induced by the tumoral microenvironment is fundamental to prevent cancer development or to treat cancer patients using immunotherapy. Actually, there are investigations about "addressed-drugs" against cancer cells without affecting normal cells. It could be ideal to find selective and specific compounds that only recognize and destroy tumor cells without damaging the host normal cells. For thousands of years, mushrooms have been used for medicinal purposes because of their curative properties. D-Fraction, an extract of Maitake (from the edible Grifola frondosa mushroom), rich in β-glucans, exert notable effects in the immune system. Until now, some published articles suggest that Maitake D-Fraction could have anti-tumoral activity, prevent oncogenesis and metastasis in some tumor types. However, there are no clear data about Maitake D-Fraction action on breast cancer prevention and its exact molecular mechanisms are not yet elucidated. The experiments were performed employing 25 female BALBc mice that were treated with and without Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X or Maitake Standard for 15 days by daily intraperitoneal injection. After treatment period, all mice were implanted with murine tumor cells LM3 to induce mammary tumorigenesis. Animals were checked weekly and killed after 46 days of LM3 transplant; percentage of cancer prevention, rate of tumor growing, and overall survival were determined. Under dissection, the internal organs were evaluated histologically and genetically by RT-PCR. We found that 5 mg/kg per day of Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X, administered dairy during 15 days to BALBc mice was able to block more than 60% breast cancer development. However, Maitake Standard prevents oncogenesis in 26% to respect control. In this work, we found that Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X, administered to BALBc mice, prevents breast carcinogenesis, block tumor invasiveness, reduce angiogenesis, and increase overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Roldan-Deamicis
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Alonso
- Laboratorio de Hongos Comestibles y Medicinales, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CERZOS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, Bahía Blanca-8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belén Brie
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Aguilera Braico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Andrea Balogh
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Shi D, Jiang K, Fu Y, Fang R, Liu XI, Chen J. Overexpression of SPARC correlates with poor prognosis in patients with cervical carcinoma and regulates cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3251-3258. [PMID: 27123099 PMCID: PMC4841103 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is associated with the progression of numerous types of cancer. However, the role of SPARC in the progression of cervical cancer has not yet been adequately elucidated. In the current study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were employed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of SPARC in normal cervical tissue, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. In addition, three epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin) were detected by immunohistochemistry in the same specimens, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect the serum levels of SPARC in patients with cervical neoplasia. In highly invasive subclones of human cervical carcinoma cells, HeLa-1 and SiHa-1, lentiviral transfections were performed and RT-qPCR and western blot were used to investigate the effects of downregulated EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 on the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. The results revealed that, in cervical carcinoma tissue, SPARC expression was significantly upregulated in a manner that positively correlated with N-cadherin and vimentin expression, and negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression. SPARC overexpression and high serum levels were significantly associated with the progression of cervical cancer and adverse prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Downregulation of SPARC can markedly reduce the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin and increase the expression of E-cadherin. Thus, overexpression of SPARC is significantly associated with poor prognostic clinicopathological characteristics in cervical carcinoma, and may be important in EMT. The results of the current study suggest that SPARC may be a potential therapeutic option for individuals diagnosed with cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Kan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Rui Fang
- Grade 2011, Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - X I Liu
- Grade 2011, Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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25
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The extracellular matrix in breast cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:41-55. [PMID: 26743193 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is increasingly recognized as an important regulator in breast cancer. ECM in breast cancer development features numerous changes in composition and organization when compared to the mammary gland under homeostasis. Matrix proteins that are induced in breast cancer include fibrillar collagens, fibronectin, specific laminins and proteoglycans as well as matricellular proteins. Growing evidence suggests that many of these induced ECM proteins play a major functional role in breast cancer progression and metastasis. A number of the induced ECM proteins have moreover been shown to be essential components of metastatic niches, promoting stem/progenitor signaling pathways and metastatic growth. ECM remodeling enzymes are also markedly increased, leading to major changes in the matrix structure and biomechanical properties. Importantly, several ECM components and ECM remodeling enzymes are specifically induced in breast cancer or during tissue regeneration while healthy tissues under homeostasis express exceedingly low levels. This may indicate that ECM and ECM-associated functions may represent promising drug targets against breast cancer, providing important specificity that could be utilized when developing therapies.
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26
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Nian Q, Zhang Z, Wei C, Kuang X, Wang X, Wang L. Gene expression profiling in myelodysplastic syndrome after SPARC overexpression associated with Ara-C. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2072-82. [PMID: 26238482 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is involved in many biological processes, including erythropoiesis and cell proliferation. However, the role of SPARC in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) remains to be elucidated. Pyrimidine analogue cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) is among the most effective agents used in the treatment of acute leukemia. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the chemotherapeutic activity of Ara-C was enhanced by the overexpression of SPARC. DNA microarray technology and RNA sequencing were employed to examine differential gene expression in the apoptosis signaling pathway after gene change occurred in cells following drug treatment. The results showed that upregulation of the expression of SPARC induced SKM-1 cell death and inhibited proliferation. Additionally, the apoptotic rate of SPARC overexpression combined with Ara-C increased significantly. Transcription factors CPBP and ZNF333 regulated the 69 genes and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes in the DNA microarray results were increased. These results suggest that SPARC expression changes with Ara-C, revealing a possible application in the treatment of MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Nian
- Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xingyi Kuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Nian Q, Chi J, Xiao Q, Wei C, Costeas P, Yang Z, Liu L, Wang L. SPARC ectopic overexpression inhibits growth and promotes programmed cell death in acute myeloid leukemia transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome cells, alone and in combination with Ara-C treatment. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1406-14. [PMID: 26165695 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has a complex and pleiotropic biological role in cell life during disease. The role of SPARC in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not yet fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of SPARC protein overproduction in the proliferation and apoptosis of SKM-1 cells, an acute myeloid leukemia cell line transformed from MDS. SKM-1 cells were infected with the pGC-GV-SPARC vector. The cells were then assessed for proliferation and cell death following treatment with low-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara‑C). The microarray analysis results revealed that samples from SPARC‑overexpressed cells compared to SPARC protein, in SKM-1 cells led to proliferation inhibition and promoted programmed cell death and these effects were greater when treated with Ara-C. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SPARC were detected by SPARC overexpression in cells treated with Ara-C resulting in a significant upregulation of the mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) gene expression and five other genes. The results showed that the necrotic signaling pathway may play a role when the two conditions were combined via the upregulation of the MLKL protein. MLKL upregulation in SPARC overexpressed cells treated with Ara-C, indicates necrosis as a possible cell death process for the SKM-1 cells under these stringent conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Nian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jianxiang Chi
- The Center for the Study of Haematological Malignancies, Nicosia 2032, Cyprus
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Paul Costeas
- The Center for the Study of Haematological Malignancies, Nicosia 2032, Cyprus
| | - Zesong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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28
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Viúdez A, Ramírez N, Hernández-García I, Carvalho F, Vera R, Hidalgo M. Nab-paclitaxel: A flattering facelift. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 92:166-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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29
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Mao Z, Ma X, Fan X, Cui L, Zhu T, Qu J, Zhang J, Wang X. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells with G1 arrest induction. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10185-93. [PMID: 25027401 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression has been reported to play an important role in the tumor development. However, the pattern and the role of SPARC in pancreatic cancer remain largely unknown. Therefore, we further deciphered the role of SPARC played in pancreatic cancer. We first evaluated the SPARC expression in human pancreatic cancer tissues and pancreatic cancer cells. Then we forced expression and silenced SPARC expression in pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa2 and PANC-1, respectively, using lentivirus vectors. We characterized the stable cells in vitro. In this study, we found that SPARC expression was weak in cancer cells in specimens which negatively correlated with the expression level of phosphorylated pRB and poorer outcome. Moreover, our results demonstrated that SPARC negatively regulated pancreatic cell growth in vitro. Furthermore, we disclosed that the activation of p53 and p27(Kip1) may involve in the effect of SPARC on pancreatic cancer cells. SPARC is downregulated in pancreatic cancer cells and retards the growth of pancreatic cancer cell. Taken together, these results indicate SPARC may be a potential target for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfa Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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30
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of highly variable and dynamic components that regulate cell behavior. The protein composition and physical properties of the ECM govern cell fate through biochemical and biomechanical mechanisms. This requires a carefully orchestrated and thorough regulation considering that a disturbed ECM can have serious consequences and lead to pathological conditions like cancer. In breast cancer, many ECM proteins are significantly deregulated and specific matrix components promote tumor progression and metastatic spread. Intriguingly, several ECM proteins that are associated with breast cancer development, overlap substantially with a group of ECM proteins induced during the state of tissue remodeling such as mammary gland involution. Fibrillar collagens, fibronectin, hyaluronan and matricellular proteins are matrix components that are common to both involution and cancer. Moreover, some of these proteins have in recent years been identified as important constituents of metastatic niches in breast cancer. In addition, specific ECM molecules, their receptors or enzymatic modifiers are significantly involved in resistance to therapeutic intervention. Further analysis of these ECM proteins and the downstream ECM mediated signaling pathways may provide a range of possibilities to identify druggable targets against advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thordur Oskarsson
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divison of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
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31
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Nian Q, Xiao Q, Wang L, Luo J, Chen LP, Yang ZS, Liu L. SPARC silencing inhibits the growth of acute myeloid leukemia transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:856-62. [PMID: 24535175 PMCID: PMC3976133 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) plays key roles in erythropoiesis; haploinsufficiency of SPARC is implicated in the progression of the 5q- syndrome. However, the role of SPARC in other subtypes of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not fully understood, particularly in the del(5q) type with a complex karyotype, which has a high risk to transform into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, we investigated the role of SPARC in the proliferation and apoptosis of SKM-1 cells, an acute myeloid leukemia cell line transformed from an MDS cell line. SKM-1 cells were infected with SPARC-RNAi-LV or NC-GFP-LV lentivirus. Apoptosis and cell cycle profiling were assessed by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SPARC, p53, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Fas were detected by RT-PCR, real-time PCR and western blot assay. The SPARC shRNA constructed by us led to a significant reduction in SPARC expression in SKM-1 cells. SPARC knockdown inhibited the proliferation of SKM-1 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase and apoptosis. SPARC knockdown elevated the expression of p53, caspase-9, caspase-3 and Fas at both the mRNA and protein levels. SPARC silencing inhibited the growth of AML transformed from MDS by activating p53-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. These data indicate that SPARC acts as an oncogene in transformed MDS/AML and is a potential therapeutic target in MDS/AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Nian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Song Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Sato T, Oshima T, Yamamoto N, Yamada T, Hasegawa S, Yukawa N, Numata K, Kunisaki C, Tanaka K, Shiozawa M, Yoshikawa T, Akaike M, Rino Y, Imada T, Masuda M. Clinical significance of SPARC gene expression in patients with gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 2013; 108:364-8. [PMID: 24018911 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is one of the first known matricellular proteins that modulates interactions between cells and extracellular matrix. Recent studies investigated the clinical significance of SPARC gene expression in the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer. The present study examined the relations of the relative expression of the SPARC gene to clinicopathological factors and overall survival in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS We studied surgical specimens of cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa obtained from 227 patients with previously untreated gastric cancer. The relative expression levels of SPARC mRNA in cancer tissue and in adjacent normal mucosa were measured by quantitative real-time, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The relative expression level of the SPARC gene was higher in cancer tissue than in adjacent normal mucosa. High expression levels of the SPARC gene were related to serosal invasion (P = 0.046). Overall survival at 5 years differed significantly between patients with high SPARC gene expression and those with low expression (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of the SPARC gene may be a useful independent predictor of outcomes in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken, Japan
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Association between SPARC mRNA expression, prognosis and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer: a pooled in-silico analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62451. [PMID: 23638089 PMCID: PMC3637211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction SPARC is an important regulator of the extracellular matrix and has been suggested to improve delivery of albumin-bound cytotoxics. However, little is known regarding its role in breast cancer (BC). Methods We conducted a pooled analysis of publically available datasets, in which BC patients who received no systemic therapy or received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were eligible. Patients were assigned to molecular subtypes using PAM-50. We computed a SPARC module (SPARC7), composed of genes with an absolute correlation with SPARC >0.7. In the systemically untreated cohort, we evaluated 1) expression of SPARC/SPARC7 according to breast cancer subtype, 2) association between SPARC/SPARC7 and biological processes related to proliferation, immune and stroma, and 3) association between SPARC/SPARC7 and relapse-free survival in a Cox model in all patients and in the different molecular subtypes adjusted for tumor size, nodal status, histological grade, and age. In the neoadjuvant cohort, we evaluated the association between SPARC and pCR in a logistic regression model, adjusted for the same clinicopathologic factors. Results 948 (10 datasets), and 791 (8 datasets) patients were included in the systemically untreated and neoadjuvant cohorts, respectively. High SPARC expression was associated with small tumor size, low histological grade and luminal-A tumors (all p<0.0001). There was a positive correlation between SPARC and stroma-related modules but negative correlation with proliferation modules. High SPARC expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with basal and HER2+ breast cancer even after adjusting for clinicopathologic parameters. In the neoadjuvant cohort, a subgroup analysis suggested that high SPARC is associated with low rates of pCR in the HER2 subtype. Same results were observed on replacing SPARC by SPARC7. Conclusion This analysis suggests a potential role of SPARC in determining prognosis and response to primary chemotherapy in early BC. This information could guide further development of albumin-bound cytotoxics in BC.
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Cox RF, Morgan MP. Microcalcifications in breast cancer: Lessons from physiological mineralization. Bone 2013; 53:437-50. [PMID: 23334083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mammographic mammary microcalcifications are routinely used for the early detection of breast cancer, however the mechanisms by which they form remain unclear. Two species of mammary microcalcifications have been identified; calcium oxalate and hydroxyapatite. Calcium oxalate is mostly associated with benign lesions of the breast, whereas hydroxyapatite is associated with both benign and malignant tumors. The way in which hydroxyapatite forms within mammary tissue remains largely unexplored, however lessons can be learned from the process of physiological mineralization. Normal physiological mineralization by osteoblasts results in hydroxyapatite deposition in bone. This review brings together existing knowledge from the field of physiological mineralization and juxtaposes it with our current understanding of the genesis of mammary microcalcifications. As an increasing number of breast cancers are being detected in their non-palpable stage through mammographic microcalcifications, it is important that future studies investigate the underlying mechanisms of their formation in order to fully understand the significance of this unique early marker of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel F Cox
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Chen J, Shi D, Liu X, Fang S, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Targeting SPARC by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference inhibits cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:464. [PMID: 23050783 PMCID: PMC3488331 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a calcium-binding matricellular glycoprotein, is implicated in the progressions of some cancers. However, no information has been available to date regarding the function of SPARC in cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis. Methods In this study, we isolated and established high invasive subclones and low invasive subclones from human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa by the limited dilution method. Real-time q-RT-PCR, Western Blot and ICC were performed to investigate SPARC mRNA and protein expressions in high invasive subclones and low invasive subclones. Then lentivirus vector with SPARC shRNA was constructed and infected the highly invasive subclones. Real-time q-RT-PCR, Western Blot and ICC were also performed to investigate the changes of SPARC expression after viral infection. In functional assays, effects of SPARC knockdown on the biological behaviors of cervical cancer cells were investigated. The mechanisms of SPARC in cervical cancer proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were also researched. Results SPARC was over-expressed in the highly invasive subclones compared with the low invasive subclones. Knockdown of SPARC significantly suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase through the p53/p21 pathway, also caused cell apoptosis accompanied by the decreased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and inhibited cell invasion and metastasis accompanied by down-regulated MMP2 and MMP9 expressions and up-regulated E-cadherin expression. Conclusion SPARC is related to the invasive phenotype of cervical cancer cells. Knockdown of SPARC significantly suppresses cervical cancer cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell invasion and metastasis. SPARC as a promoter improves cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Chen J, Wang M, Xi B, Xue J, He D, Zhang J, Zhao Y. SPARC is a key regulator of proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in human ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42413. [PMID: 22879971 PMCID: PMC3411787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a calcium-binding matricellular glycoprotein, is implicated in the progression of many cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of SPARC in ovarian cancer. Methods cDNA microarray analysis was performed to compare gene expression profiles of the highly invasive and the low invasive subclones derived from the SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cell line. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to investigate SPARC expression in a total of 140 ovarian tissue specimens. In functional assays, effects of SPARC knockdown on the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells were investigated. The mechanisms of SPARC in ovarian cancer proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were also researched. Results SPARC was overexpressed in the highly invasive subclone compared with the low invasive subclone. High SPARC expression was associated with high stage, low differentiation, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. Knockdown of SPARC expression significantly suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell invasion and metastasis. Conclusion SPARC is overexpressed in highly invasive subclone and ovarian cancer tissues and plays an important role in ovarian cancer growth, apoptosis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Pharmacy Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Xi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Xue
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (YZ)
| | - Yueran Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (YZ)
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Guarneri V, Dieci MV, Conte P. Enhancing intracellular taxane delivery: current role and perspectives of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13:395-406. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2012.651127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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