Visual three-dimensional representation of beat-to-beat electrocardiogram traces during hemodiafiltration

Latency and amplitude changes in cognitive event related potentials due to hemodialysis

Chronic kidney disease impacts the cognitive abilities of patients, and yet few works have analyzed functional electroencephalographic changes on event-related potentials before and after an hemodialysis session. This work shows that, as a consequence of hemodialysis, cognitive potential waveforms suffer changes, occurring with reduced latency $( \sim 50$ ms) and with larger amplitude $( \sim 0.128\mathrm {a}$.u.) after the treatment session. While only a limited sample of five patients is reported herein, the observed changes immediately after hemodialysis could be a sign of central nervous system alterations that are not clinically evaluated. Signs like these could entail an early indicator of possible evolution into some neuropathology.

Effects of Orthostatism and Hemodialysis on Mean Heart Period and Fractal Heart Rate Properties of Chronic Renal Failure Patients

The aim of this work was to evaluate the short-term fractal index (α₁ ) of heart rate variability (HRV) in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients by identifying the effects of orthostatism and hemodialysis (HD), and by evaluating the correlation between α₁ and the mean RR interval from sinus beats (meanNN). HRV time series were derived from ECG data of 19 CRF patients and 20 age-matched healthy subjects obtained at supine and orthostatic positions (lasting 5 min each). Data from CRF patients were collected before and after HD. α₁ was calculated from each time series and compared by analysis of variance. Pearson's correlations between meanNN and α₁ were calculated using the data from both positions by considering three groups: healthy subjects, CRF before HD and CRF after HD. At supine position, α₁ of CRF patients after HD (1.17 ± 0.30) was larger (P < 0.05) than in healthy subjects (0.89 ± 0.28) but not before HD (1.10 ± 0.34). α₁ increased (P < 0.05) in response to orthostatism in healthy subjects (1.29 ± 0.26) and CRF patients after HD (1.34 ± 0.31), but not before HD (1.25 ± 0.37). Whereas α₁ was correlated (P < 0.05) with the meanNN of healthy subjects (r = -0.562) and CRF patients after HD (r = -0.388), no significance in CRF patients before HD was identified (r = 0.003). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that α₁ was mainly predicted by the orthostatic position (in all groups) and meanNN (healthy subjects and patients after HD), showing no association with the renal disease condition in itself. In conclusion, as in healthy subjects, α₁ of CRF patients correlates with meanNN after HD (indicating a more irregular-like HRV behavior at slower heart rates). This suggests that CRF patients with stable blood pressure preserve a regulatory adaptability despite a shifted setting point of the heart period (i.e., higher heart rate) in comparison with healthy subjects.

2017 ISHNE-HRS expert consensus statement on ambulatory ECG and external cardiac monitoring/telemetry

Ambulatory ECG (AECG) is very commonly employed in a variety of clinical contexts to detect cardiac arrhythmias and/or arrhythmia patterns which are not readily obtained from the standard ECG. Accurate and timely characterization of arrhythmias is crucial to direct therapies that can have an important impact on diagnosis, prognosis or patient symptom status. The rhythm information derived from the large variety of AECG recording systems can often lead to appropriate and patient-specific medical and interventional management. The details in this document provide background and framework from which to apply AECG techniques in clinical practice, as well as clinical research.