1
|
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel substituted fused pyrido diazepine and pyrimido piperazine derivatives: In vitro cytotoxicity study over various cancer cell lines. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
2
|
Draskovits M, Catorci D, Wimmer L, Rehman S, Siebert DCB, Ernst M, Schnürch M, Mihovilovic MD. Novel synthetic procedures for C2 substituted imidazoquinolines as ligands for the α/β-interface of the GABAA-receptor. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2022; 154:1391-1404. [PMID: 38020487 PMCID: PMC10667396 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-02988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted imidazoquinolines, a structurally related chemotype to pyrazoloquinolinones, a well-known class of GABAA ligands, was prepared via two synthetic procedures and the efficiency of these procedures were compared. One method relies on classical heterocyclic synthesis, the other one aims at late-stage decoration of a truncated scaffold via direct C-H functionalization. A pharmacological evaluation disclosed that one of the synthesized derivatives showed interesting activity on a α1β3 containing receptor subtype. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00706-022-02988-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Draskovits
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniele Catorci
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurin Wimmer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabah Rehman
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Margot Ernst
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marko D. Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maluleka MM, Mphahlele MJ. Crystal structure of 6-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chroman-4-one (6-bromo-4′-chloroflavanone), C 15H 10BrClO 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C15H10BrClO2 monoclinic P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.2173(6) Å, b = 20.7174(14) Å, c = 6.9035(4) Å, β = 99.332(3)°, V = 1300.83(14) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0153, wRref
(F
2) = 0.121, T = 173(2) K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marole M. Maluleka
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science and Agriculture School of Physical and Mineral Science, University of Limpopo , Private Bag X1106 Polokwane , Sovenga 0727 , South Africa
| | - Malose J. Mphahlele
- Department of Chemistry , College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa , Private Bag x06 Johannesburg , Floridapark 1710 , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beato A, Gori A, Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M, Haudecoeur R. β-Carboline as a Privileged Scaffold for Multitarget Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1392-1422. [PMID: 33528252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The natural β-carboline alkaloids display similarities with neurotransmitters that can be favorably exploited to design bioactive and bioavailable drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy. Several AD targets are currently and intensively being investigated, divided in different hypotheses: mainly the cholinergic, the amyloid β (Aβ), and the Tau hypotheses. To date, only symptomatic treatments are available involving acetylcholinesterase and NMDA inhibitors. On the basis of plethoric single-target structure-activity relationship studies, the β-carboline scaffold was identified as a powerful tool for fostering activity and molecular interactions with a wide range of AD-related targets. This knowledge can undoubtedly be used to design multitarget-directed ligands, a highly relevant strategy preferred in the context of multifactorial pathology with intricate etiology such as AD. In this review, we first individually discuss the AD targets of the β-carbolines, and then we focus on the multitarget strategies dedicated to the deliberate design of new efficient scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthonin Gori
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France.,CHANEL Parfums Beauté, F-93500 Pantin, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zia M, Khalid M, Hameed S, Irran E, Naseer MM. Synthesis and solid state self-assembly of a 1,4-diazepine derivative: Water cluster as molecular glue and conformational isomerism. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
6
|
Synthesis and 1H, 13C and 15N NMR characterisation of substituted Pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolines and related compounds. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Akbar S, Subhan F, Karim N, Aman U, Ullah S, Shahid M, Ahmad N, Fawad K, Sewell RD. Characterization of 6-methoxyflavanone as a novel anxiolytic agent: A behavioral and pharmacokinetic approach. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 801:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
8
|
Samiec P, Navrátilová Z. Electrochemical behaviour of bromazepam and alprazolam and their determination in the pharmaceutical tablets Lexaurin and Xanax on carbon paste electrode. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
9
|
Mallaiya K, Rameshkumar S, Subramanian S, Ramalingam S, Ramachandran T. Electrochemical impedance studies on the interaction of midazolam with planar lipid bilayer. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Pejović A, Denić MS, Stevanović D, Damljanović I, Vukićević M, Kostova K, Tavlinova-Kirilova M, Randjelović P, Stojanović NM, Bogdanović GA, Blagojević P, D'hooghe M, Radulović NS, Vukićević RD. Discovery of anxiolytic 2-ferrocenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones exerting GABAA receptor interaction via the benzodiazepine-binding site. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:57-73. [PMID: 24950490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the synthesis, spectral, crystallographic and electrochemical properties of a small library of N-substituted 2-ferrocenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones, designed as novel GABAA benzodiazepine-binding site ligands. The anxiolytic properties of the title compounds were evaluated in several different in vivo models, whereas the involvement of the GABAA receptor complex in the activity of the most potent compound, 2-ferrocenyl-3-(4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one, was inferred from experiments with known GABAA-targeting agents. Ligand docking experiments revealed that the high, dose-dependent, anxiolytic activity of the new compounds might be due to their favorable interactions with the benzodiazepine-binding site of the GABAA receptor complex. The incorporation of the ferrocene core and fine tuning of the distance between the thiazolidinone core and an additional aromatic ring were judged to be crucial structural requirements for the observed anxiolytic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anka Pejović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija S Denić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dragana Stevanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Damljanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Vukićević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicinal Sciences, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Kalina Kostova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Maya Tavlinova-Kirilova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Pavle Randjelović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevаr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola M Stojanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevаr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Goran A Bogdanović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and Condensed Matter Physics, PO Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Polina Blagojević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Niko S Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Rastko D Vukićević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Smith SG, Sanchez R, Zhou MM. Privileged diazepine compounds and their emergence as bromodomain inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:573-83. [PMID: 24746559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemical compounds built on a diazepine scaffold have recently emerged as potent inhibitors of the acetyl-lysine binding activity of bromodomain-containing proteins, which is required for gene transcriptional activation in cancer and inflammation. Not only have these chemical compounds validated bromodomains as attractive epigenetic drug targets, but they have also brought to the forefront another application of the diazepine, which had already been regarded as a versatile chemical scaffold in rational drug design. This article reviews the success of diazepine compounds as therapeutic agents and examines the unique chemical and geometric features of this privileged scaffold that make it an excellent template for developing potent and selective molecules that control bromodomain-related gene expression in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Smith
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Roberto Sanchez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ming-Ming Zhou
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Malhotra R, Ghosh R, Dey TK, Chakrabarti S, Ghosh A, Dutta S, Asijaa S, Roy S, Dutta S, Basu S, Hajra S. Conjugate Addition of Indoles and Pyrroles to Dihydronitronaphthalenes in Water: Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Tetrahydro-β-carbolines. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
13
|
Cho S, Park JH, Pae AN, Han D, Kim D, Cho NC, No KT, Yang H, Yoon M, Lee C, Shimizu M, Baek NI. Hypnotic effects and GABAergic mechanism of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) ethanol extract and its major flavonoid constituent glabrol. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:3493-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
14
|
Yoon SY, dela Peña IC, Shin CY, Son KH, Lee YS, Ryu JH, Cheong JH, Ko KH. Convulsion-related activities of Scutellaria flavones are related to the 5,7-dihydroxyl structures. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 659:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
15
|
Wasowski C, Marder M. Central nervous system activities of two diterpenes isolated from Aloysia virgata. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:393-401. [PMID: 21036579 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Using the guide of a competitive assay for the benzodiazepine binding site in the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABA(A)), two active diterpenes were isolated from the aerial parts of Aloysia virgata (Ruíz & Pavón) A.L. Jussieu var. platyphylla (Briquet) Moldenke. These compounds, identified as (16R)-16,17,18-trihydroxyphyllocladan-3-one (1) and (16R)-16,17-dihydroxyphyllocladan-3-one (2) on the basis of spectral data, competitively inhibited the binding of [(3)H]-FNZ to the benzodiazepine binding site with K(i)±S.E.M. values of 56±19 μM and 111±13 μM, respectively. The behavioral actions of these diterpenes, intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered in mice, were examined in the plus-maze, holeboard, locomotor activity and light/dark tests. Compound 1 exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in mice evidenced by a significant increase of the parameters measured in the holeboard test (the number of head dips at 0.3 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg, the rears at 1 mg/kg and the time spent head-dipping at 3 mg/kg), in the plus-maze assay (the percentage of open arm entries at 1 mg/kg) and in the light/dark test (the time in light and the number of transitions at 1 mg/kg). Compound 2 augmented the number of rearings in the holeboard apparatus (at 0.3 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg) and the locomotor activity (at 1 mg/kg). These results reveal the presence of neuroactive compounds in Aloysia virgata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Wasowski
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lorenz M, Kabir MS, Cook JM. A two step synthesis of BzR/GABAergic active flavones via a Wacker-related oxidation. Tetrahedron Lett 2010; 51:1095. [PMID: 20161661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A general route for the synthesis of biologically important flavones is reported via a two step sequence employing a catalytic Wacker-Cook oxidation4b as the key step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lorenz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Joesch C, Guevarra E, Parel SP, Bergner A, Zbinden P, Konrad D, Albrecht H. Use of FLIPR membrane potential dyes for validation of high-throughput screening with the FLIPR and microARCS technologies: identification of ion channel modulators acting on the GABA(A) receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 13:218-28. [PMID: 18270364 DOI: 10.1177/1087057108315036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) membrane potential dyes (FMP-Red-Dye and FMP-Blue-Dye) were evaluated for the detection of compounds acting either as positive allosteric modulators or agonists on the GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R). A stable HEK293 cell line with constitutive expression of the rat GABA(A)R alpha1, beta2, and gamma2 genes was used to establish a functional high-throughput screening (HTS) assay based on measurement of the membrane potential change in living cells. The assay was validated with the FLIPR technology for identification of agonists and positive allosteric modulators using GABA and diazepam as model compounds. The FMP-Red-Dye showed better performance than the FMP-Blue-Dye, and the effects induced by GABA and diazepam were comparable to electrophysiology data. Subsequently, the assay was also validated with an ultra-HTS approach known as microarrayed compound screening (microARCS). The LOPAC library was used in a test screen for an initial assessment of the technology. Finally, the FLIPR and microARCS technologies were tested with a larger screening campaign. A focused library of 3520 putative positive modulators was tested with the FLIPR assay, and a diverse subset of 84,480 compounds was selected for screening with the microARCS technology. All hits were subjected to verification using the FLIPR technology, and confirmed hits were subsequently evaluated by EC50 determination. Finally, selected hits were further confirmed with electrophysiology testing.
Collapse
|
18
|
Park HG, Yoon SY, Choi JY, Lee GS, Choi JH, Shin CY, Son KH, Lee YS, Kim WK, Ryu JH, Ko KH, Cheong JH. Anticonvulsant effect of wogonin isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 574:112-9. [PMID: 17692312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Revised: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, we identified sedative effects of Scutellaria baicalensis extracts and found that these extracts or their constituents may also have anticonvulsive effects. Wogonin is a natural product isolated from S. baicalensis, which possesses central nervous system effects such as anxiolytic and neuroprotective activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of wogonin on convulsion related behaviors, such as myorelaxation, motor coordination, and anticonvulsant effects of wogonin on chemical induced seizure and electroshock seizure in mice or rats. The effect of wogonin on membrane potential was also observed. Wogonin was intraperitoneally injected into mice or rats 30 min prior to testing. Animals treated with wogonin did not change locomotor activities as well as endurance times on the rota-rod, which indicates that wogonin did not cause a sedative and myorelaxation effect. Wogonin significantly blocked convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and electroshock but not convulsion induced by strychnine. Wogonin also significantly reduced the electrogenic response score, but flumazenil treatment reversed this decrease to the level of the control group. The wogonin treatment increased Cl(-)influx into the intracellular area as dose increased. Flumazenil and bicuculline treatment, however, inhibited the Cl(-) influx induced by wogonin. These results indicate that the anticonvulsive effects produced by wogonin were mediated by the GABAergic neuron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Geun Park
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu L, Wu H, Lin W, Jiang J, Yu R. Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Studies for the Binding Affinities of Imidazobenzodiazepines for the α6 Benzodiazepine Receptor Isoform Utilizing Optimized Blockwise Variable Combination by Particle Swarm Optimization for Partial Least Squares Modeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200530204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
20
|
Ferlin MG, Chiarelotto G, Dall'Acqua S, Maciocco E, Mascia MP, Pisu MG, Biggio G. Novel anellated pyrazoloquinolin-3-ones: synthesis and in vitro BZR activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3531-41. [PMID: 15848766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Revised: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 02/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrrolo[3,2-f]quinolin-3-one derivatives 6, 7a-c, 8a,b, 9a,b and 10-12 were synthesized as modified pyrazoloquinolinone analogs (PQs) and evaluated for their ability to inhibit radioligand to central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (BZRs) and their effect on GABA(A) alpha1beta2gamma2L receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Multistep synthesis starting from 5-nitroindole, via the Gould-Jacobs reaction to the quinoline nucleus, yielded key intermediates 9-chloro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-f]quinoline-8-carboxylates. The reaction of the latter with methyl-hydrazine and various phenyl-hydrazines furnished the final compounds. In order to confirm the expected tetracyclic 2-substituted-2H-pyrazolopyrroloquinolin-3-one structure, IR spectrophotometric, mono-1H and 13C and bi-dimensional spectrometric and HRMS analyses were carried out: all compounds were found to be 2-substituted 3-keto tautomers; compound 6 only differed because it turned out to be 1-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrrolo[3,2-f]quinolin-3-olo. The results of this work are consistent with those previously reported for PQs: 7-9 show high potency in displacing specific [3H]flunitrazepam from its receptor site; no compound was active in inhibiting the binding of [3H]PK 11195. They all act as antagonists at central BZR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Phillips ED, Hirst SC, Perry MWD, Withnall J. [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of 4-Alkyl-3-hydroxy-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]iso- quinolinium Inner Salts. J Org Chem 2003; 68:8700-3. [PMID: 14575505 DOI: 10.1021/jo034160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heating dipolarophiles with 4-alkyl-3-hydroxy-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]isoquinolinium hydroxide inner salts results in [3 + 2] cycloaddition across positions 3a and 5 of the aromatic system to give the [3 + 2] cycloadducts in good yield. When the 4-alkyl substituent is a 2-acetate ester and the methylene group can be deprotonated, a second mode of [3 + 2] cycloaddition becomes available for the resulting anion (across the side chain methine group and position 5 of the aromatic system) and occurs under basic conditions, allowing either of two modes of [3 + 2] cycloaddition to be selected by appropriate choice of reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eifion D Phillips
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ruscito BJ, Harrison NL. Hemoglobin metabolites mimic benzodiazepines and are possible mediators of hepatic encephalopathy. Blood 2003; 102:1525-8. [PMID: 12714506 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-03-0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver failure is often accompanied by cognitive impairment and coma, a syndrome known as hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The administration of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine (BZ) antagonist, is effective in reversing the symptoms of HE in many patients. These clinical observations gave rise to notions of an endogenous BZ-like mechanism in HE, but to date no viable candidate compounds have been characterized. We show here that the hemoglobin (Hb) metabolites hemin and protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) interact with the BZ site on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptor and enhance inhibitory synaptic transmission in a manner similar to diazepam and zolpidem. This finding suggests that hemin and PPIX are neuroactive porphyrins capable of acting as endogenous ligands for the central BZ site. The accumulation of these porphyrins under pathophysiologic conditions provides a potentially novel mechanism for the central manifestations of HE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Ruscito
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hui KM, Huen MSY, Wang HY, Zheng H, Sigel E, Baur R, Ren H, Li ZW, Wong JTF, Xue H. Anxiolytic effect of wogonin, a benzodiazepine receptor ligand isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 64:1415-24. [PMID: 12392823 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The search for novel anxiolytics devoid of undesirable side-effects typical of classical benzodiazepines (BDZs) has been intense, and flavonoids, as a relative new class of ligands, have been shown to possess anxiolytic effects in vivo. The present study evaluated the pharmacological properties of a naturally occurring monoflavonoid, 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone or wogonin. The affinity (K(i)) of wogonin for the benzodiazepine site (BZD-S) on the gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptor complex was 0.92 microM. Using electrophysiological techniques, we showed that wogonin enhanced the GABA-activated current in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, and in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing recombinant rat GABA(A) receptors, the enhancement was partially reversed by the co-application of a 1 microM concentration of the BZD-S antagonist anexate (Ro15-1788). Acute toxicity and behavioral effects were examined in mice. Acute lethal activity was low, with an LD(50) of 3.9 g/kg. Oral administration of wogonin (7.5 to 30 mg/kg) elicited an anxiolytic response that was similar to that elicited by diazepam in the elevated plus-maze; a dose-dependent increase in open arm entries and time spent in open arms was observed. More importantly, its anxiolytic effect was blocked by the co-administration of Ro15-1788. In the holeboard test, not only did wogonin-treated mice experience an increased number of head-dips but they also spent more time at it, showing no signs of sedation. Furthermore, wogonin did not cause myorelaxant effects in the horizontal wire test. Taken together, these data suggest that wogonin exerts its anxiolytic effect through positive allosteric modulation of the GABA(A) receptor complex via interaction at the BZD-S. Its anxiolytic effect was not accompanied by sedative and myorelaxant side-effects typical of BDZs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Min Hui
- Department of Biochemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|