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Han M, Zhang C, Ho SH. Immobilized microalgal system: An achievable idea for upgrading current microalgal wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100227. [PMID: 36560958 PMCID: PMC9763361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wastewater treatment accompanied by sustainable "nutrients/pollutants waste-wastewater-resources/energy nexus" management is acting as a prominent and urgent global issue since severe pollution has occurred increasingly. Diverting wastes from wastewater into the value-added microalgal-biomass stream is a promising goal using biological wastewater treatment technologies. This review proposed an idea of upgrading the current microalgal wastewater treatment by using immobilized microalgal system. Firstly, a systematic analysis of microalgal immobilization technology is displayed through an in-depth discussion on why using immobilized microalgae for wastewater treatment. Subsequently, the main technical approaches employed for microalgal immobilization and pollutant removal mechanisms by immobilized microalgae are summarized. Furthermore, from high-tech technologies to promote large-scale production and application potentials in diverse wastewater and bioreactors to downstream applications lead upgradation closer, the feasibility of upgrading existing microalgal wastewater treatment into immobilized microalgal systems is thoroughly discussed. Eventually, several research directions are proposed toward the future immobilized microalgal system for microalgal wastewater treatment upgrading. Together, it appears that using immobilization for further upgrading the microalgae-based wastewater treatment can be recognized as an achievable alternative to make microalgal wastewater treatment more realistic. The information and perspectives provided in this review also offer a feasible reference for upgrading conventional microalgae-based wastewater treatment.
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Sun X, Li X, Tang S, Lin K, Zhao T, Chen X. A review on algal-bacterial symbiosis system for aquaculture tail water treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157620. [PMID: 35901899 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing fields of global food production industry in recent years. To maintain the ecological health of aquaculture water body and the sustainable development of aquaculture industry, the treatment of aquaculture tail water (ATW) is becoming an indispensable task. This paper discussed the demand of environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies for ATW treatment and the potential of algal-bacterial symbiosis system (ABSS) in ATW treatment. The characteristics of ABSS based technology for ATW treatment were analyzed, such as energy consumption, greenhouse gas emission, environmental adaptability and the possibility of removal or recovery of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus as resource simultaneously. Based on the principle of ABSS, this paper introduced the key environmental factors that should be paid attention to in the establishment of ABSS, and then summarized the species of algae, bacteria and the proportion of algae and bacteria commonly used in the establishment of ABSS. Finally, the reactor technologies and the relevant research gaps in the establishment of ABSS were reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519082 Zhuhai, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China
| | - Shi Tang
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China
| | - Kairong Lin
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519082 Zhuhai, China
| | - Tongtiegang Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519082 Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China; Center for Water Resources and Environment Research, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
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González-Olalla JM, Medina-Sánchez JM, Norici A, Carrillo P. Regulation of Phagotrophy by Prey, Low Nutrients, and Low Light in the Mixotrophic Haptophyte Isochrysis galbana. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:981-993. [PMID: 33661311 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mixotrophy combines autotrophy and phagotrophy in the same cell. However, it is not known to what extent the phagotrophy influences metabolism, cell composition, and growth. In this work, we assess, on the one hand (first test), the role of phagotrophy on the elemental and biochemical composition, cell metabolism, and enzymes related to C, N, and S metabolism of Isochrysis galbana Parke, 1949. On the other hand, we study how a predicted increase of phagotrophy under environmental conditions of low nutrients (second test) and low light (third test) can affect its metabolism and growth. Our results for the first test revealed that bacterivory increased the phosphorous and iron content per cell, accelerating cell division and improving the cell fitness; in addition, the stimulation of some C and N enzymatic routes help to maintain, to some degree, compositional homeostasis. Under nutrient or light scarcity, I. galbana grew more slowly despite greater bacterial consumption, and the activities of key enzymes involved in C, N, and S metabolism changed according to a predominantly phototrophic strategy of nutrition in this alga. Contrary to recent studies, the stimulation of phagotrophy under low nutrient and low irradiance did not imply greater and more efficient C flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel González-Olalla
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
- University Institute of Water research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Medina-Sánchez
- University Institute of Water research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Alessandra Norici
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Presentación Carrillo
- University Institute of Water research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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Wang Q, Yu Z, Wei D, Chen W, Xie J. Mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa as cell factory for ultrahigh-efficient removal of ammonium from catalyzer wastewater with valuable algal biomass coproduction through short-time acclimation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125151. [PMID: 33892430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To achieve ultrahigh-efficient ammonium removal and valuable biomass coproduction, Chlorella-mediated short-time acclimation was implemented in photo-fermentation. The results demonstrated short-time acclimation of mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa could significantly improve NH4+ removal and biomass production in shake flasks. After acclimation through two batch cultures in 5-L photo-fermenter, the maximum NH4+ removal rate (1,400 mg L-1 d-1) were achieved under high NH4+ level (4,750 mg L-1) in batch 3. In 50-L photo-fermenter, through one batch acclimated culture, the maximum NH4+ removal rate (2,212 mg L-1 d-1) and biomass concentration (58.4 g L-1) were achieved in batch 2, with the highest productivities of protein (5.56 g L-1 d-1) and total lipids (5.66 g L-1 d-1). The hypothetical pathway of nutrients assimilation in mixotrophic cells as cell factory was proposed with detailed discussion. This study provided a novel strategy for high-ammonium wastewater treatment without dilution, facilitating the algae-based "waste-to-treasure" bioconversion process for green manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingke Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weining Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Piligaev AV, Sorokina KN, Samoylova YV, Parmon VN. Production of Microalgal Biomass with High Lipid Content and Their Catalytic Processing Into Biodiesel: a Review. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s207005041904007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xu ZM, Wang Z, Gao Q, Wang LL, Chen LL, Li QG, Jiang JJ, Ye HJ, Wang DS, Yang P. Influence of irrigation with microalgae-treated biogas slurry on agronomic trait, nutritional quality, oxidation resistance, and nitrate and heavy metal residues in Chinese cabbage. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 244:453-461. [PMID: 31154108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biogas slurry (BS) is a main byproduct of biogas production that is commonly used for agricultural irrigation because of its abundant nutrients and microelements. However, direct application of BS may cause quality decline and nitrate and heavy metal accumulation in crops. To address this issue, a microalgae culture experiment and an irrigation experiment were performed to evaluate the removal efficiencies of nutrients and heavy metals from diluted BS by microalgae Scenedesmus sp. and to investigate the effects of irrigation with microalgae-treated BS (MBS-25, MBS-50, MBS-75, and MBS-100) on nutritional quality, oxidation resistance, and nitrate and heavy metal residues in Chinese cabbage. After 8 days of continuous culture, a ratio of 1/1 for BS/tap water mixture (BS-50) was the optimal proportion for microalgal growth (3.73 g dry cell L-1) and efficient removal of total nitrogen (86.1%), total phosphorus (94.3%), COD (87.5%), Cr (50%), Pb (60.7%), and Cd (59.7%). The pH in MBS-50 medium recovered to the highest level in a shorter period of time and accelerated the gas stripping of ammonia nitrogen and the formation of insoluble phosphate and metals, which partly contributed to the high removal efficiencies. MBS irrigation significantly promoted crop growth; improved nutritional quality, edible taste, and oxidation resistance; and reduced nitrate and heavy metal residues in Chinese cabbage at a large scale. Therefore, microalgae culture was beneficial to reduce negative impacts of BS irrigation in crop growth and agricultural product safety. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the safe utilization of BS waste in agricultural irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Xu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Hunan City University, Yiyang, 413000, China
| | - Qiao-Guang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510550, China
| | - Jian-Jun Jiang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Han-Jie Ye
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Palacios OA, Lopez BR, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Early Changes in Nutritional Conditions Affect Formation of Synthetic Mutualism Between Chlorella sorokiniana and the Bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 77:980-992. [PMID: 30397795 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of three different nutritional conditions during the initial 12 h of interaction between the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 2714 and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd on formation of synthetic mutualism was assessed by changes in population growth, production of signal molecules tryptophan and indole-3-acetic acid, starch accumulation, and patterns of cell aggregation. When the interaction was supported by a nutrient-rich medium, production of both signal molecules was detected, but not when this interaction began with nitrogen-free (N-free) or carbon-free (C-free) media. Overall, populations of bacteria and microalgae were larger when co-immobilized. However, the highest starch production was measured in C. sorokiniana immobilized alone and growing continuously in a C-free mineral medium. In this interaction, the initial nutritional condition influenced the time at which the highest accumulation of starch occurred in Chlorella, where the N-free medium induced faster starch production and the richer medium delayed its accumulation. Formation of aggregates made of microalgae and bacteria occurred in all nutritional conditions, with maximum at 83 h in mineral medium, and coincided with declining starch content. This study demonstrates that synthetic mutualism between C. sorokiniana and A. brasilense can be modulated by the initial nutritional condition, mainly by the presence or absence of nitrogen and carbon in the medium in which they are interacting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar A Palacios
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
| | - Blanca R Lopez
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
| | - Yoav Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico.
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA.
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Choix FJ, López-Cisneros CG, Méndez-Acosta HO. Azospirillum brasilense Increases CO 2 Fixation on Microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella vulgaris, and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cultured on High CO 2 Concentrations. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:430-442. [PMID: 29327073 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutualism interactions of microalgae with other microorganisms are widely used in several biotechnological processes since symbiotic interaction improves biotechnological capabilities of the microorganisms involved. The interaction of the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense was assessed with three microalgae genus, Scenedesmus, Chlorella, and Chlamydomonas, during CO2 fixation under high CO2 concentrations. The results in this study have demonstrated that A. brasilense maintained a mutualistic interaction with the three microalgae assessed, supported by the metabolic exchange of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp), respectively. Besides, CO2 fixation increased, as well as growth and cell compound accumulation, mainly carbohydrates, in each microalgae evaluated, interacting with the bacterium. Overall, these results propose the mutualism interaction of A. brasilense with microalgae for improving biotechnological processes based on microalgae as CO2 capture and their bio-refinery capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Choix
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, CUCEI-Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
- CONACYT - CUCEI-Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Cecilia Guadalupe López-Cisneros
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, CUCEI-Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Hugo Oscar Méndez-Acosta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, CUCEI-Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Lopez BR, Hernandez JP, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Immobilization of microalgae cells in alginate facilitates isolation of DNA and RNA. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 135:96-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Palacios OA, Choix FJ, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Influence of tryptophan and indole-3-acetic acid on starch accumulation in the synthetic mutualistic Chlorella sorokiniana – Azospirillum brasilense system under heterotrophic conditions. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:367-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Palacios OA, Gomez-Anduro G, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Tryptophan, thiamine and indole-3-acetic acid exchange betweenChlorella sorokinianaand the plant growth-promoting bacteriumAzospirillum brasilense. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw077. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Forero-Cujiño MA, Montengro Ruiz LC, Pinilla-Agudelo GA, Melgarejo-Muñoz LM. INMOVILIZACIÓN DE LAS MICROALGAS Scenedesmus ovalternus (Scenedesmaceae) Y Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorellaceae) EN ESFERAS DE ALGINATO DE CALCIO. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2016. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v21n2.51253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>En este trabajo se describe la técnica de inmovilización de microalgas en esferas de alginato de calcio. Se emplearon las especies Scenedesmus ovalternus y Chlorella vulgaris, se determinó la estabilidad de las esferas, la cinética de crecimiento y la concentración de las microalgas en el interior de las esferas. Chlorella vulgaris alcanzó mayores densidades poblacionales y tasas de crecimiento más altas cuando se inmovilizó en concentraciones del 10 % v/v con el alginato (1,31*10<span>6 </span>cél/ml). Para Scenedesmus ovalternus se observó una mayor densidad poblacional y una mayor tasa de crecimiento cuando se inmovilizó en concentraciones del 20 % v/v (7,06*10<span>5 </span>cél/ml). Estos resultados son útiles para aplicaciones prácticas de las algas encapsuladas, tales como el biomonitoreo o la biorremediación.</p><p><strong>Immobilization of Microalgae<em> Scenedesmus ovalternus</em> (Scenedesmaceae) and <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> (Chlorellaceae) in Calcium Alginate Beads</strong></p><p>This paper describes the immobilization technique of microalgae in calcium alginate beads. Scenedesmus ovalternus and Chlorella vulgaris species were used. The stability of beads, the kinetics of growth and the concentrations of microalgae inside the beads were determined. The higher density and the upper growth rate of Chlorella vulgaris occurred when it was immobilized in alginate at a concentration of 10 %v/v (1,31*10<span>6 </span>cél/ml). Scenedesmus ovalternus achieved a higher population density and an elevated growth rate when it was immobilized at a concentration of 20 % v/v (7,06*10<span>5 </span>cél/ml). These results are useful for subsequent applications of the encapsulated algae, such as biomonitoring and bioremediation.</p>
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de-Bashan LE, Mayali X, Bebout BM, Weber PK, Detweiler AM, Hernandez JP, Prufert-Bebout L, Bashan Y. Establishment of stable synthetic mutualism without co-evolution between microalgae and bacteria demonstrated by mutual transfer of metabolites (NanoSIMS isotopic imaging) and persistent physical association (Fluorescent in situ hybridization). ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meza B, de-Bashan LE, Hernandez JP, Bashan Y. Accumulation of intra-cellular polyphosphate in Chlorella vulgaris cells is related to indole-3-acetic acid produced by Azospirillum brasilense. Res Microbiol 2015; 166:399-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Meza B, de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y. Involvement of indole-3-acetic acid produced by Azospirillum brasilense in accumulating intracellular ammonium in Chlorella vulgaris. Res Microbiol 2014; 166:72-83. [PMID: 25554489 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of intracellular ammonium and activities of the enzymes glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were measured when the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was immobilized in alginate with either of two wild type strains of Azospirillum brasilense or their corresponding indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-attenuated mutants. After 48 h of immobilization, both wild types induced higher levels of intracellular ammonium in the microalgae than their respective mutants; the more IAA produced, the higher the intracellular ammonium accumulated. Accumulation of intracellular ammonium in the cells of C. vulgaris followed application of four levels of exogenous IAA reported for A. brasilense and its IAA-attenuated mutants, which had a similar pattern for the first 24 h. This effect was transient and disappeared after 48 h of incubation. Immobilization of C. vulgaris with any bacteria strain induced higher GS activity. The bacterial strains also had GS activity, comparable to the activity detected in C. vulgaris, but weaker than when immobilized with the bacteria. When net activity was calculated, the wild type always induced higher GS activity than IAA-attenuated mutants. GDH activity in most microalgae/bacteria interactions resembled GS activity. When complementing IAA-attenuated mutants with exogenous IAA, GS activity in co-immobilized cultures matched those of the wild type A. brasilense immobilized with the microalga. Similarity occurred when the net GS activity was measured, and was higher with greater quantities of exogenous IAA. It is proposed that IAA produced by A. brasilense is involved in ammonium uptake and later assimilation by C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Meza
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Calle IPN 195, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Calle IPN 195, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico; The Bashan Foundation, 3740 NW Harrison Blvd., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 209 Life Sciences Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yoav Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Calle IPN 195, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico; The Bashan Foundation, 3740 NW Harrison Blvd., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 209 Life Sciences Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Accumulation fatty acids of in Chlorella vulgaris under heterotrophic conditions in relation to activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, temperature, and co-immobilization with Azospirillum brasilense. Naturwissenschaften 2014; 101:819-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-014-1223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Choix FJ, Bashan Y, Mendoza A, de-Bashan LE. Enhanced activity of ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase and formation of starch induced by Azospirillum brasilense in Chlorella vulgaris. J Biotechnol 2014; 177:22-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Leyva LA, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase is not directly linked to accumulation of lipids when Chlorella vulgaris is co-immobilised with Azospirillum brasilense in alginate under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Choix FJ, de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y. Enhanced accumulation of starch and total carbohydrates in alginate-immobilized Chlorella spp. induced by Azospirillum brasilense: II. Heterotrophic conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 51:300-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Choix FJ, de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y. Enhanced accumulation of starch and total carbohydrates in alginate-immobilized Chlorella spp. induced by Azospirillum brasilense: I. Autotrophic conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 51:294-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Perez-Garcia O, Escalante FME, de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y. Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:11-36. [PMID: 20970155 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 689] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This review analyzes the current state of a specific niche of microalgae cultivation; heterotrophic growth in the dark supported by a carbon source replacing the traditional support of light energy. This unique ability of essentially photosynthetic microorganisms is shared by several species of microalgae. Where possible, heterotrophic growth overcomes major limitations of producing useful products from microalgae: dependency on light which significantly complicates the process, increase costs, and reduced production of potentially useful products. As a general role, and in most cases, heterotrophic cultivation is far cheaper, simpler to construct facilities, and easier than autotrophic cultivation to maintain on a large scale. This capacity allows expansion of useful applications from diverse species that is now very limited as a result of elevated costs of autotrophy; consequently, exploitation of microalgae is restricted to small volume of high-value products. Heterotrophic cultivation may allow large volume applications such as wastewater treatment combined, or separated, with production of biofuels. In this review, we present a general perspective of the field, describing the specific cellular metabolisms involved and the best-known examples from the literature and analyze the prospect of potential products from heterotrophic cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Perez-Garcia
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research, Mar Bermejo 195, Col Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, BCS 23090, Mexico
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de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y. Immobilized microalgae for removing pollutants: review of practical aspects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:1611-27. [PMID: 19931451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review analyzes the state-of-the-art of a specific niche in biological wastewater treatment that uses immobilized eukaryotic microalgae (and several prokaryotic photosynthetic cyanobacteria), with emphasis on removing nutrients with the support of microalgae growth-promoting bacteria. Removal of other pollutants by this technology, such as heavy metals and industrial pollutants, and technical aspects related to this specific subfield of wastewater treatment are also presented. We present a general perspective of the field with most known examples from common literature, emphasizing a practical point of view in this technologically oriented topic. The potential venues of future research in this field are outlined and a critical assessment of the failures, limitations, and future of immobilized microalgae for removal of pollutants is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
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Joint immobilization of plant growth-promoting bacteria and green microalgae in alginate beads as an experimental model for studying plant-bacterium interactions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:6797-802. [PMID: 18791009 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00518-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, quantitative experimental model, offering a convenient and basic approach to studies of plant-bacterium interactions, is proposed. This involves immobilizing a unicellular, freshwater microalga, a Chlorella species, serving as the plant, with a plant growth-promoting bacterium, an Azospirillum species, in small alginate beads to allow close interaction and to avoid external interference from bacterial contaminants.
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