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da Silva PHS, Lopes CEB, Stallmach LB, Ferreira LDO, Pimentel PAB, Giuliano A, Freitas PMC, Horta RDS. Comparison of Different Pneumorrhaphy Methods after Partial Pulmonary Lobectomy in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2732. [PMID: 37684995 PMCID: PMC10486489 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary loborraphy can be performed using manual sutures and staples, although other methods, such as tissue adhesives, are also cited in the veterinary literature. Although the surgery is well tolerated in the canine species, failure in pulmonary aerostasis is still a reality since all the methods described so far eventually lead to air leakage after the use of the partial lobectomy technique in the lungs. Within this context, the aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of different hermetic sealing methods after partial lobectomy of the right caudal lung lobe (RCLL) in dogs. 30 cadavers models were divided in 6 groups: G1-cobbler suture associated with simple continuous; G2-overlapping continuous suture associated with simple continuous suture; G3-Ford interlocking suture; G4-Stapling device; G5-Tissue glue (cyanoacrylate). After performing the sealing techniques, the lungs were submerged in water and inflated with oxygen at positive ventilatory pressures at physiological (up to 14.7 mmHg, which is equivalent to up to 20 cmH2O) and supraphysiological levels (above 14.7 mmHg) to evaluate the performance of the sealing methods. At physiological ventilatory pressure levels, there was no difference between groups. Sealing with surgical glue was superior to interlocking sutures and stapling devices at supraphysiological levels of ventilatory pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Helena Sanches da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Carlos Eduardo Bastos Lopes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Larissa Bueno Stallmach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Pedro Antônio Bronhara Pimentel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Antonio Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrícia Maria Coletto Freitas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
| | - Rodrigo dos Santos Horta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.H.S.d.S.); (C.E.B.L.); (L.B.S.); (L.d.O.F.); (P.A.B.P.); (P.M.C.F.)
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Woodrow JS, Sheats MK, Cooper B, Bayless R. Asthma: The Use of Animal Models and Their Translational Utility. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071091. [PMID: 37048164 PMCID: PMC10093022 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by chronic lower airway inflammation that results in airway remodeling, which can lead to a permanent decrease in lung function. The pathophysiology driving the development of asthma is complex and heterogenous. Animal models have been and continue to be essential for the discovery of molecular pathways driving the pathophysiology of asthma and novel therapeutic approaches. Animal models of asthma may be induced or naturally occurring. Species used to study asthma include mouse, rat, guinea pig, cat, dog, sheep, horse, and nonhuman primate. Some of the aspects to consider when evaluating any of these asthma models are cost, labor, reagent availability, regulatory burden, relevance to natural disease in humans, type of lower airway inflammation, biological samples available for testing, and ultimately whether the model can answer the research question(s). This review aims to discuss the animal models most available for asthma investigation, with an emphasis on describing the inciting antigen/allergen, inflammatory response induced, and its translation to human asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Seymour Woodrow
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA
| | - M Katie Sheats
- Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Bethanie Cooper
- Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Rosemary Bayless
- Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Varegg MS, Kløverød KM, Austnes MK, Siwinska N, Słowikowska M, Zak A, Madej JA, Kandefer-Gola M, Ciaputa R, Nowak M, Niedzwiedz A. Fatal pulmonary hemorrhage in a horse during bronchoalveolar lavage - single case report. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:169. [PMID: 31126342 PMCID: PMC6534924 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare cause of death in horses. Hemorrhage within the respiratory tract has many causes, including mycosis of the guttural pouch, invasive procedures causing serious trauma to nasal conchae, or lung biopsy. We report on a rare case of a fatal pulmonary hemorrhage in a horse after a severe cough during bronchoalveolar lavage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous hemorrhage in a horse during bronchoalveolar lavage. Case presentation A 21-year-old mare which belonged to the didactic herd of The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine underwent BAL procedure for training purposes. Clinical examination prior to the procedure did not reveal any abnormalities and the horse had been classified as healthy. The horse was sedated with 0.01 mg/kg of detomidine and 0.01 mg/kg of butorphanol. The silicon BAL catheter was passed through the nasal passage into the trachea and then into the bronchus. Before catheter was wedged, the mare began to cough heavily and massive haemorrhage from mouth and nostrils occurred. Despite fluid therapy, shock occurred within 15 min and the mare was euthanized. Upon necropsy, site of hemorrhage was identified in the left lobar caudal bronchi, from a large blood vessel running directly beneath the bronchial wall. Upon histology, a chronic lympho-plasmocytic inflammatory process in left bronchi was identified. Moreover, Masson’s trichrome staining revealed severe, perivascular fibrosis. Conclusion Although BAL is a relatively safe procedure, and such complications should be treated as extremely rare, this case indicates that, in some individuals with specific subclinical problems, even mild physical force such as a cough can lead to rupture of the artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde S Varegg
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kine M Kløverød
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malin K Austnes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Siwinska
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 47, 50-366, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Słowikowska
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 47, 50-366, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zak
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 47, 50-366, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Janusz A Madej
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Ciaputa
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Niedzwiedz
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 47, 50-366, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Brückner M, Heblinski N, Henrich M. Use of a novel vessel-sealing device for peripheral lung biopsy and lung lobectomy in a cadaveric model. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:411-416. [PMID: 30790298 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the Caiman vessel-sealing device for peripheral lung biopsy and total lung lobectomy in cadaveric canine lung lobes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve lung lobes were randomly assigned to peripheral lung biopsy (n=6) or total lung lobectomy (n=6) with the 12-mm Caiman vessel-sealing device. Lungs were connected to a ventilator set at 10 breaths per minute with an initial pressure of 5 cm H2 O during the procedure. The lungs were submerged in water for leak testing and the pressure increased until leakage occurred. RESULTS Mean airway pressure at which leakage occurred was 39.17 ±13.20 cm H2 O for peripheral lung biopsies and 38.33 ±13.67 cm H2 O for total lung lobectomies. None of the samples leaked below 25 cm H2 O, which is well above the physiologic airway pressure. Histologically, the largest bronchial diameter at the sealed area was 8.84 mm and the extent of collateral damage was approximately 2.7 mm in all specimens. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The Caiman vessel-sealing device was successfully used for peripheral lung biopsy and total lung lobectomy in cadaveric canine lung lobes. All sealed lung lobes tolerated supra-physiologic airway pressure, displayed minimal collateral damage, and were of good diagnostic quality. Further experimental studies are needed to evaluate the clinical safety of the device for peripheral lung biopsy or total lung lobectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brückner
- Blå Stjärnans Djursjukhus, Göteborg, 41707, Sweden
| | - N Heblinski
- Specialist Djursjukhus Strömsholm, Strömsholm, 73494, Sweden
| | - M Henrich
- Institut fuer Veterinärpathologie, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Gießen, 35392, Germany
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Kuvaldina A, Hayes G, Sumner J, Behling-Kelly E. Influence of multiple reuse and resterilization cycles on the performance of a bipolar vessel sealing device (LigaSure) intended for single use. Vet Surg 2018; 47:951-957. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Galina Hayes
- Cornell University Hospital for Animals; Ithaca New York
| | - Julia Sumner
- Cornell University Hospital for Animals; Ithaca New York
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Bullone M, Vargas A, Elce Y, Martin JG, Lavoie JP. Fluticasone/salmeterol reduces remodelling and neutrophilic inflammation in severe equine asthma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8843. [PMID: 28821845 PMCID: PMC5562887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthmatic airways are inflamed and undergo remodelling. Inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonist combinations are more effective than inhaled corticosteroid monotherapy in controlling disease exacerbations, but their effect on airway remodelling and inflammation remains ill-defined. This study evaluates the contribution of inhaled fluticasone and salmeterol, alone or combined, to the reversal of bronchial remodelling and inflammation. Severely asthmatic horses (6 horses/group) were treated with fluticasone, salmeterol, fluticasone/salmeterol, or with antigen avoidance for 12 weeks. Lung function, central and peripheral airway remodelling, and bronchoalveolar inflammation were assessed. Fluticasone/salmeterol and fluticasone monotherapy decreased peripheral airway smooth muscle remodelling after 12 weeks (p = 0.007 and p = 0.02, respectively). On average, a 30% decrease was observed with both treatments. In central airways, fluticasone/salmeterol reversed extracellular matrix remodelling after 12 weeks, both within the lamina propria (decreased thickness, p = 0.005) and within the smooth muscle layer (p = 0.004). Only fluticasone/salmeterol decreased bronchoalveolar neutrophilia (p = 0.03) to the same extent as antigen avoidance already after 8 weeks. In conclusion, this study shows that fluticasone/salmeterol combination decreases extracellular matrix remodelling in central airways and intraluminal neutrophilia. Fluticasone/salmeterol and fluticasone monotherapy equally reverse peripheral airway smooth muscle remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bullone
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amandine Vargas
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yvonne Elce
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada.,University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Campus, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - James G Martin
- McGill University, Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada.
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Partlow J, David F, Hunt LM, Relave F, Blond L, Pinilla M, Lavoie JP. COMPARISON OF THORACIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND RADIOGRAPHY FOR THE DETECTION OF INDUCED SMALL VOLUME PNEUMOTHORAX IN THE HORSE. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2017; 58:354-360. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent David
- Bjerke Dyrehospital- En Rikstotoklinikk; Refstadveien 1; Oslo 0589 Norway
| | - Luanne Michelle Hunt
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick), School of Veterinary Studies; Easter Bush Campus; Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG Scotland United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Relave
- Clinique Équine de Conques; Château de Conques ; 33420 Saint Aubin De Branne France
| | - Laurent Blond
- Clinique Vétérinaire Langedocia; 395 rue Maurice Béjart; 34080 Montpellier France
| | - Manuel Pinilla
- VetCT; St. John's Innovation Centre; Cowley Road Cambridge CB4 0WS United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Université de Montréal, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire; Département de Sciences Cliniques; 3200 rue Sicotte Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 7C6 Canada
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Abstract
Traumatic injuries involving the thorax can be superficial, necessitating only routine wound care, or they may extend to deeper tissue planes and disrupt structures immediately vital to respiratory and cardiac function. Diagnostic imaging, especially ultrasound, should be considered part of a comprehensive examination, both at admission and during follow-up. Horses generally respond well to diligent monitoring, intervention for complications, and appropriate medical or surgical care after sustaining traumatic wounds of the thorax. This article reviews the various types of thoracic injury and their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Sprayberry
- Animal Science Department, Cal Poly University San Luis Obispo, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J Barrett
- Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, 4250 Ironworks Pike, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
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Asthma "of horses and men"--how can equine heaves help us better understand human asthma immunopathology and its functional consequences? Mol Immunol 2014; 66:97-105. [PMID: 25547716 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Animal models have been studied to unravel etiological, immunopathological, and genetic attributes leading to asthma. However, while experiments in which the disease is artificially induced have helped discovering biological and molecular pathways leading to allergic airway inflammation, their contribution to the understanding of the causality of the disease has been more limited. Horses naturally suffer from an asthma-like condition called "heaves" which presents sticking similarities with human asthma. It is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, airway neutrophilic inflammation, and a predominant Th2 immune response. This model allows one to investigate the role of neutrophils in asthma, which remains contentious, the regulation of chronic neutrophilic inflammation, and their possible implication in pulmonary allergic responses. Furthermore, the pulmonary remodeling features in heaves closely resemble those of human asthma, which makes this model unique to investigate the kinetics, reversibility, as well as the physiological consequences of tissue remodeling. In conclusion, heaves and asthma share common clinical presentation and also important immunological and tissue remodeling features. This makes heaves an ideal model for the discovery of novel pathways implicated in the asthmatic inflammation and associated tissue remodeling.
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Non-vascular experimental and clinical applications of advanced bipolar radiofrequency thermofusion technology in the thorax and abdomen: a systematic review. Surg Endosc 2014; 29:1659-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3893-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Michaux H, Nichols S, Babkine M, Francoz D. Description of thoracoscopy and associated short-term cardiovascular and pulmonary effects in healthy cattle. Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:468-76. [PMID: 24762019 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.5.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the optimal thoracoscopic approach to the bovine pleural cavity and evaluate the short-term effects of thoracoscopy on cardiovascular and pulmonary function of healthy cattle. SAMPLE 6 healthy adult Holstein cows (12 hemithoraxes). PROCEDURES For each cow, thoracoscopy was performed in both the left and right hemithoraxes with a 24-hour interval between procedures. Cows were sedated and restrained in a standing position for each thoracoscopic examination. Examination of each hemithorax lasted for 30 minutes. Arterial blood gas variables, heart rate, and respiratory rate were assessed at predetermined times before, during, and after the procedures to monitor cardiovascular and pulmonary function. Thoracic ultrasonography was performed immediately and at 24 hours and 1 week after each thorascopic examination to evaluate the extent of residual pneumothorax. RESULTS Insertion of the laparoscope into the pleural cavity at the ninth intercostal space 15 cm ventral to the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae provided optimal visibility of structures in both the left and right hemithoraxes. Most structures of the pleural cavity were equally visible from both sides except the esophagus and the dorsal branch of the vagus nerve, which were best observed in the left hemithorax, and the pericardium, which was best observed in the right hemithorax. Mild increases in heart and respiratory rates and moderate decreases in arterial oxygen saturation and Pao2 were detected during the procedures. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Standing thoracoscopy was well tolerated in healthy adult dairy cattle and needs to be evaluated in cattle with pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Michaux
- Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
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Bipolar sealing of lung parenchyma: tests in an ex vivo model. Surg Endosc 2014; 29:127-32. [PMID: 25027470 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost every pulmonary lobe resection requires cutting the lung parenchyma in the area of a lung fissure. A monopolar cutter or stapler is often used for this purpose. The seal should be absolutely airtight to prevent post-operative pulmonary fistulas. In the present study, the bipolar sealing technique was evaluated regarding air tightness of the seals during normal ventilation and its burst pressure in an ex vivo animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigations were carried out on paracardial lung lobes obtained from heart-lung preparations taken from freshly killed pigs at a slaughter house. In the laboratory, each individual lobe was perfused with Ringer's solution at body temperature and protectively ventilated through a tube (frequency: 20 1/min, p insp = 20 mbar, PEEP +5 mbar). Non-anatomic resection was carried out in the periphery of the lung lobe. The two control groups (12 lobes per group; Group 1-stapler, Group 2-parenchyma suture) were compared to three groups in which different bipolar sealing instruments were used. They were Group 3-MARSEAL(®) 10 mm (KLS Martin, Tuttlingen); Group 4-MARSEAL(®) 5 mm; and Group 5-MARCLAMP(®) (KLS Martin, Tuttlingen). The SealSafe(®) G3 electric current was used in all cases. Ventilation was continued for 20 min following parenchymal resection. Parenchymal sealing was then judged visually in a water bath and given a score (0-3). Burst pressure (mbar) was measured by increasing the inspiration pressure stepwise. Group mean values were compared (nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.005). RESULTS Parenchymal seals were airtight under ventilation throughout the observation period in all groups. Mean burst pressures were as follows: Group 1: 47.1 ± 6.2 mbar; Group 2: 32.9 ± 3.9 mbar; Group 3: 38.8 ± 2.2 mbar; Group 4: 25.0 ± 6.4 mbar; and Group 5: 32.9 ± 5.8 mbar. Group 1, the stapler group, thus exhibited the highest burst pressures. Burst pressures for Group 3 were significantly greater than those for Group 2 (p < 0.006). Burst pressures for groups 2 and 5 were similar (p = 0.97). However, the burst pressures for Group 4 were significantly lower than those for Group 2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION MARSEAL(®) 10 mm and MARCLAMP(®) achieved adequate burst pressures compared to the two control groups and thus might be suitable for clinical use.
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Matz BM, Tillson DM, Boothe HW, Dillon RA, Cattley RC. Effect of Vascular Seal Configuration Using the LigaSure on Arterial Challenge Pressure, Time for Seal Creation, and Histologic Features. Vet Surg 2014; 43:761-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brad M. Matz
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama
| | - D. Michael Tillson
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama
| | - Harry W. Boothe
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama
| | - Ray A. Dillon
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama
| | - Russell C. Cattley
- Department of Pathobiology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama
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Marvel S, Monnet E. Ex VivoEvaluation of Canine Lung Biopsy Techniques. Vet Surg 2013; 42:473-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2013.01108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Marvel
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University; Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Eric Monnet
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University; Fort Collins, Colorado
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Abstract
Animal models have been developed to investigate specific components of asthmatic airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness or remodelling. However, all of these aspects are rarely observed in the same animal. Heaves is a naturally occurring disease of horses that combines these features. It is characterized by stable dust-induced inflammation, bronchospasm and remodelling. The evaluation of horses during well-controlled natural antigen exposure and avoidance in experimental settings allows the study of disease mechanisms in the asymptomatic and symptomatic stages, an approach rarely feasible in humans. Also, the disease can be followed over several years to observe the cumulative effect of repeated episodes of clinical exacerbation or to evaluate long-term treatment, contrasting most murine asthma models. This model has shown complex gene and environment interactions, the involvement of both innate and adaptive responses to inflammation, and the contribution of bronchospasm and tissue remodelling to airway obstruction, all occurring in a natural setting. Similarities with the human asthmatic airways are well described and the model is currently being used to evaluate airway remodelling and its reversibility in ways that are not possible in people for ethical reasons. Tools including antibodies, recombinant proteins or gene arrays, as well as methods for sampling tissues and assessing lung function in the horse are constantly evolving to facilitate the study of this animal model. Research perspectives that can be relevant to asthma include the role of neutrophils in airway inflammation and their response to corticosteroids, systemic response to pulmonary inflammation, and maintaining athletic capacities with early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Leclere
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
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