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Choi G, Yang M, Yang S, Park S, Heo S, Kim N. Morphometric Evaluation of Thoracolumbar Spinal Canal and Cord by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Normal Small-Breed Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1030. [PMID: 38612269 PMCID: PMC11010936 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is the most common cause of spinal injury in dogs. MRI has been considered the gold standard for neurologic diagnosis, but studies focusing on the thoracolumbar spinal canal and spinal cord using MRI in small-breed dogs are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to establish an MRI reference range for the spinal cord and canal measurements (height, width, cord-to-canal ratio of height, width, cross-sectional area (CSA)) of each intervertebral disc level from T11 to L5 (total of seven levels) on transverse T2-weighted images in normal small-breed dogs. We hypothesized that the spinal cord and spinal canal measurements might vary according to the body weight and age. The width and height of the spinal cord and canal increased as the body weight increased at all levels (p < 0.05). The cord-to-canal ratio of the width showed a negative correlation to the body weight at all levels. The cord-to-canal ratio of the height did not show any correlation to the body weight at all levels. All measurements (height, width, cord-to-canal ratio of height, width, CSA) did not show any statistical correlation between the groups subdivided by age. These measurements could serve as a morphometric baseline for thoracolumbar spinal diseases and clinical research in small-breed dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabchol Choi
- Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
- Animal Medical Center W, Seoul 04029, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungryul Yang
- Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Seungweon Yang
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Woosuk University, Jincheon-gun 27841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sungbeen Park
- Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Suyoung Heo
- Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Namsoo Kim
- Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
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2
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Moore SA, Olby NJ, Brisson B, Fenn J, Flegel T, Kortz G, Lewis M, Tipold A. ACVIM consensus statement on diagnosis and management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:1570-1596. [PMID: 35880267 PMCID: PMC9511077 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE) is the most common cause of acute paraparesis and paraplegia in dogs; however, guidelines on management of the condition are lacking. Objectives To summarize the current literature as it relates to diagnosis and management of acute TL‐IVDE in dogs, and to formulate clinically relevant evidence‐based recommendations. Animals None. Methods A panel of 8 experts was convened to assess and summarize evidence from the peer‐reviewed literature in order to develop consensus clinical recommendations. Level of evidence available to support each recommendation was assessed and reported. Results The majority of available literature described observational studies. Most recommendations made by the panel were supported by a low or moderate level of evidence, and several areas of high need for further study were identified. These include better understanding of the ideal timing for surgical decompression, expected surgical vs medical outcomes for more mildly affected dogs, impact of durotomy on locomotor outcome and development of progressive myelomalacia, and refining of postoperative care, and genetic and preventative care studies. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Future efforts should build on current recommendations by conducting prospective studies and randomized controlled trials, where possible, to address identified gaps in knowledge and to develop cost effectiveness and number needed to treat studies supporting various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of TL‐IVDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Moore
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Natasha J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Brigitte Brisson
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joe Fenn
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Flegel
- Department for Small Animals, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gregg Kortz
- VCA Sacramento Veterinary Referral Center, Sacramento, California, USA.,VCA Sacramento Veterinary Referral Center, UC Davis, California, USA
| | - Melissa Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrea Tipold
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany
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3
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Kang J, Lee S, Kim N, Heo S. Minimally invasive mini-hemilaminectomy-corpectomy in cadaveric dogs: evaluation of the accuracy and safety of a three-dimensionally printed patient-specific surgical guide. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:271. [PMID: 35831862 PMCID: PMC9277833 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the frequency of spine surgery increases in the veterinary field, many studies have been conducted on minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). Although many studies have been conducted on the thoracolumbar spine about MISS in animals, several problems and limitations have emerged regarding this method. Therefore, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) printed patient-specific surgical guide (3DPSSG) using 3D printing technology to overcome these problems. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy and safety of the 3DPSSG in minimally invasive mini-hemilaminectomy-corpectomy (MI-MHC). MI-MHC using 3DPSSG and an endoscopic system was performed at L1–L2 in 15 cadaveric dogs. The procedure of fixing the surgical guide to the vertebral body through screws and the surgical procedure using the guide were performed by two surgeons with different experiences. Postoperative computed tomography was used to measure planned and postoperative screw trajectories (angle, protruding from the far cortex) and to create 3D rendering images of vertebrae to evaluate the direction of bone window formation, corpectomy slot length, depth, and height ratio. Results The two groups which performed by two surgeons with different experiences did not differ in terms of screw angle deviation and length of the screw protruded from the far cortex. The corpectomy slot-length ratio was not different between the two groups; however, the slot-depth and height ratios were different. Conclusions No differences were detected in screw trajectory and corpectomy slot-length ratio between the two groups. The 3DPSSG for MI-MHC is classified as accurate and safe; therefore, it can be an alternative to the conventional technique in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsu Kang
- Institutional Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungeon Lee
- Institutional Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Namsoo Kim
- Institutional Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Heo
- Institutional Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Kamishina H, Nakano Y, Nakata K, Kimura S, Nozue Y, Drury AG, Maeda S. Microendoscopic Dorsal Laminectomy for Multi-Level Cervical Intervertebral Disc Protrusions in Dogs. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9010018. [PMID: 35051102 PMCID: PMC8781000 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of microendoscopic dorsal laminectomy for multi-level cervical intervertebral disc protrusions in dogs. Eight client-owned dogs diagnosed with multi-level cervical intervertebral disc protrusions using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in this retrospective case series. Microendoscopic dorsal laminectomies (MEL) were performed with an integrated endoscopic system to the cranial and caudal vertebrae of the affected intervertebral joints. Pre- and post-operative neurological status, operation time, intra-operative complications, and postoperative complications were reviewed. Post-operative CT images were obtained to measure the dimensions of laminectomy and compared to those of planned laminectomy. Full endoscopic procedures were feasible in 7 dogs (87.5%) and the laminectomy dimensions were in agreement with pre-operative planning. In all dogs, major intra- and postoperative complications did not occur. Conversion to open surgery was required in one case. Short-term postoperative clinical deterioration was found in two dogs. Long-term clinical outcomes were good and comparable to those reported in previous studies of open dorsal laminectomies. MEL is a promising minimally invasive approach to multi-level cervical dorsal laminectomy for intervertebral disc protrusions. This technique may improve postoperative discomfort compared to the open approach. Further studies are needed to directly compare outcomes between these two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kamishina
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-582932865
| | - Yukiko Nakano
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
| | - Kohei Nakata
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
| | - Shintaro Kimura
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuta Nozue
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
| | - Adam G. Drury
- Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Sadatoshi Maeda
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- The Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.N.); (Y.N.)
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5
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Microendoscopic Mini-Hemilaminectomy and Discectomy in Acute Thoracolumbar Disc Extrusion Dogs: A Pilot Study. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100241. [PMID: 34679071 PMCID: PMC8539036 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of a microendoscopic laminectomy and discectomy (MED) for acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusions in dogs. Eleven client-owned dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusions were included in this retrospective case-series. Dogs were diagnosed with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusions using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MED was performed with an integrated endoscopic system to the affected intervertebral disc. Surgery time, intra-operative complications, causes of conversion to microscopic surgery if necessary, post-operative complications, and neurological status on presentation at discharge, as well as any further evaluations in hospital, and long-term concerns via owner contact, were recorded. Post-operative CT images were obtained to compare the extent of laminectomy performed to the planned region of laminectomy. The fully endoscopic procedure was completed in eight dogs without major complications. Three cases were converted to an open surgery due to difficulty removing extruded disc material and controlling hemorrhage. The clinical outcome was good in all cases and equivalent to previously reported prognoses after open surgery. MED is an effective and safe alternative to conventional open procedures in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.
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Yang H, Li P, Jia N, Wang J, Jin X. [Comparison of different transforaminal endoscope approaches in treatment of serious lumbar disc herniation]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:300-307. [PMID: 32174073 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201811005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the difference between four transforaminal endoscopic approaches in the treatment of serious lumbar disc herniation. Methods Between October 2010 and February 2015, a total of 122 patients with serious lumbar disc herniation were enrolled and treated with discectomy under transforaminal endoscope. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the different approaches. The transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) technology was used in group A (31 cases), Yeung endoscopic spine system (YESS) technology was used in group B (30 cases), improved transforaminal endoscopic access (ITEA) technology was used in group C (31 cases), and interlaminar dorsal access (IDA) technology was used in group D (30 cases). There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, lesion segment, and preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score of low back pain, VAS score of bilateral lower extremities pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), intervertebral height, lumbar curvature index (LCI), and disc degeneration grading between groups ( P>0.05). The removal volume of nucleus pulposus was compared; after operation, VAS score, ODI score, LCI, intervertebral height, and disc degeneration grading were used to evaluate the effectiveness. Results The removal volumes of nucleus pulposus in groups A, B, C, and D were (3.6±0.9), (3.5±0.7), (4.6±1.0), (3.1±1.1) cm 3, respectively. There were significant differences between groups ( P<0.05). All incisions healed by first intention, and no early postoperative complications was found. All cases were followed up 12-35 months, with an average of 24 months. During follow-up, there was no recurrence of nucleus pulposus herniation, infection of intervertebral space, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, epidural hematoma, or other complications. At last follow-up, the VAS scores of low back pain and bilateral lower extremities pain, and ODI scores in each group significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the scores and improvements between groups after operation ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, the disc degeneration grading in group B significantly improved when compared with that before operation ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between groups ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, there was no significant difference in LCI of each group when compared with that before operation ( P>0.05); and there was no significant difference in LCI and loss value between groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the intervertebral height of the 4 groups at immediate after operation and last follow-up when compared with preoperative value ( P>0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups at immediate after operation and last follow-up ( P>0.05). Conclusion Application of transforaminal endoscope in the treatment of serious lumbar disc herniation has great clinical outcomes. The ITEA technology can obtain a wider field of view and be more convenient to find and remove the degenerative nucleus pulposus. However, the appropriate approach should be selected according to the symptoms and characteristics of lumbar disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China
| | - Jinxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China
| | - Xianhui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China
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7
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Guevar J, Zidan N, Durand A, Olby NJ. Minimally invasive spine surgery in dogs: Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of a thoracolumbar approach to the spinal cord. Vet Surg 2020; 49 Suppl 1:O76-O85. [PMID: 31998976 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the safety and feasibility of a minimally invasive spine surgery technique to access the thoracolumbar vertebral canal in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective study. ANIMALS Six healthy research dogs. METHODS Dogs were placed under anesthesia for MRI to evaluate vertebral column and spinal cord integrity. Minimally invasive surgery was performed at multiple sites. Access to the vertebral canal was achieved by means of foraminotomy, discectomy, and lateral minicorpectomy by using minimally invasive access and a surgical microscope. Sequential neurological examinations, pressure algometry pain quantification, and creatine kinase levels were evaluated before and after surgery for 7 days. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and histopathology were performed on day 6 postoperatively after animals were humanely killed to evaluate the impact of surgery on spinal cord, muscles, and bone. RESULTS The vertebral canal was successfully accessed, and the ventral aspect of the spinal cord was identified at all sites. No neurological deterioration was observed. Postoperative pain was not different compared with baseline except in one dog on the day after surgery. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive spine surgery was a safe and feasible technique to access the thoracolumbar vertebral canal and the ventral aspect of the spinal cord in dogs. Findings supported postoperative pain benefits. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Minimally invasive spine surgery is a valid surgical technique to access the thoracolumbar vertebral canal at single or multiple sites in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guevar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Natalia Zidan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Alexane Durand
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Natasha J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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8
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Guevar J, Olby N. Minimally invasive microsurgical decompression of an intervertebral disc protrusion in a dog. Vet Surg 2019; 49 Suppl 1:O86-O92. [PMID: 31237005 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the successful treatment of intervertebral disc protrusion with minimally invasive microsurgery in a large breed dog. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case report. ANIMAL A 4-year-old, neutered male, German shepherd dog presented with chronic progressive ambulatory paraparesis and thoracolumbar pain; lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion and severe spinal cord compression at L2-L3 were diagnosed. METHODS A minimally invasive approach was used to access the target surgical area by using a muscle splitting technique and retractors. Intraoperative fluoroscopy confirmed correct placement. Magnification and illumination through a surgical microscope were used (microsurgery) to perform the spinal cord decompression by means of a foraminotomy and lateral corpectomy. RESULTS Technically, the combination of fluoroscopy and muscle splitting approach offered adequate minimally invasive access. Microsurgery allowed for precise and efficient spinal cord decompression. Clinically, no immediate postoperative neurological deterioration was observed. Opioid usage was limited to 24 hours postoperatively. Focal muscle swelling was observed postoperatively for 2 days, and hospital stay was 3 days. At 7 weeks postoperatively, neurological examination results were normal, and postoperative MRI confirmed spinal cord decompression. No complications were reported. CONCLUSION The procedure was associated with a small incision, limited muscle trauma, early improvement of the neurological status, a short hospital stay, and limited postoperative pain. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This case provides evidence that minimally invasive microsurgery is an effective treatment for intervertebral disc protrusion in large breed dogs and may offer benefits regarding postoperative pain and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guevar
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Natasha Olby
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina
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9
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Drury AG, Monnet E, Packer RA, Marolf AJ. Determination of surgical exposure obtained with integrated endoscopic thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy in large‐breed cadaveric dogs. Vet Surg 2018; 48:O52-O58. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam G. Drury
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Eric Monnet
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Rebecca A. Packer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Angela J. Marolf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
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10
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Boursier JF, Fournet A, Bassanino J, Manassero M, Bedu AS, Leperlier D. Ultrasonography is more accurate than percutaneous palpation for identifying targeted thoracolumbar intervertebral disc spaces in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2018; 59:749-757. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Fournet
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Unité de chirurgie; 94700 Maisons-Alfort France
| | - Jean Bassanino
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery; Service de chirurgie; 51100 Reims France
| | - Mathieu Manassero
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Unité de chirurgie; 94700 Maisons-Alfort France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bedu
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery; Service d'imagerie médicale; 51100 Reims France
| | - Dimitri Leperlier
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery; Service de chirurgie; 51100 Reims France
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Abstract
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) seems to have many benefits for human patients and is currently used for various minor and major spine procedures. For MISS, a change in access strategy to the target location is necessary and it requires intraoperative imaging, special instrumentation, and magnification. Few veterinary studies have evaluated MISS for canine patients for spinal decompression procedures. This article discusses the general requirements for MISS and how these can be applied to veterinary spinal surgery. The current veterinary MISS literature is reviewed and suggestions are made on how to apply MISS to different spinal locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca F Hettlich
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 128, Bern 3012, Switzerland.
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12
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Moon HS, Hwang YH, Lee HC, Lee JH. Operative techniques of percutaneous endoscopic mini-hemilaminectomy using a uniportal approach in dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1532-1539. [PMID: 28757523 PMCID: PMC5627323 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the technical feasibility of percutaneous endoscopic mini-hemilaminectomy via a uniportal approach, and to evaluate the possibility of decompression and endoscopic examination of the
thoracic and lumbar spinal canals in small dogs during such procedures. Fresh canine cadavers of mixed-breed dogs (n=7) were used in this study. Following injection of a barium and agarose mixture (BA-gel) to stimulate
intervertebral disc herniation, percutaneous endoscopic mini-hemilaminectomy was performed using a lateral approach to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. BA-gel was removed to decompress the spinal cord using an elevator and
rongeurs after mini-hemilaminectomy. Pre and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained to evaluate surgical outcomes. Intra-operative complications, incision length, and procedure time were recorded. All
procedures were completed with clear visualization of the spinal cord and floor of the spinal canal. The mean total operating time was 58.00 ± 18.06 min. Lengths of incision were under 1 cm in all dogs. Intra-operative
complications included iatrogenic nerve root injuries caused by the micro-rongeur in two dogs. CT imaging revealed that removal of BA-gel resulted in sufficient spinal cord decompression. Our findings indicated that percutaneous
endoscopic thoracolumbar mini-hemilaminectomy is feasible for spinal cord decompression and allows for adequate observation of the spinal canal. Thus, this technique may be an alternative surgical option for treatment of
thoracolumbar disk disease in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sup Moon
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, 52828, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Hwang
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, 52828, South Korea
| | - Hee-Chun Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, 52828, South Korea
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Hwang YH, Lee HC, Lee JH. Operative Techniques and Preliminary Outcomes Following Percutaneous Endoscopic Thoracolumbar Pediculectomy in Dogs. Vet Surg 2016; 45:O84-O94. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hyun Hwang
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju-si South Korea
| | - Hee-Chun Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju-si South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju-si South Korea
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14
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Rossetti D, Ragetly GR, Poncet CM. High-Definition Video Telescope-Assisted Ventral Slot Decompression Surgery for Cervical Intervertebral Disc Herniation in 30 Dogs. Vet Surg 2016; 45:893-900. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Ferrand FX, Moissonnier P, Filleur A, Cachon T, Fau D, Viguier E, Carozzo C. Thoracolumbar partial lateral corpectomy for the treatment of chronic intervertebral disc disease in 107 dogs. Ir Vet J 2015; 68:27. [PMID: 26629329 PMCID: PMC4666084 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-015-0056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess short-and medium-term outcomes in dogs with chronic ventral thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) treated by thoracolumbar partial lateral corpectomy (TLPLC). Dogs surgically treated for chronic ventral IVDD by TLPLC were included. For each dog, neurological status evolution and complications were reported. Factors that could have influenced neurological recovery were statistically tested. Results A total of 107 dogs were included in the study. Before surgery, 67.3 % of the dogs were able to walk, 24.3 % were grade 3, and 8.4 % were grade 4. The median hospitalization time was 3 days, and 82.2 % of the dogs were able to walk at discharge. The medium-term neurological grade was reached at a median time of 2 months. At the medium-term follow-up (median 12 months), 74.3 % of the dogs were neurologically improved, 22.9 % were stable, and 2.8 % were worsened. A total of 91.4 % of dogs were ambulatory, with 58.6 % of dogs having a normal gait. Preoperative neurological grade was significantly associated with the neurological status 24 h after the surgery and at discharge. Dogs with a higher preoperative neurological grade had a better chance of improving but lower odds of walking at 24 h after the surgery and at discharge compared with dogs with a lower preoperative grade. Spinal compression recurrence at the same surgical site was confirmed in 8 cases. Conclusion Even if TLPLC leads to several intra and postoperative complications, this technique is a viable surgical option to treat chronic ventral IVDD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13620-015-0056-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- François-Xavier Ferrand
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Pierre Moissonnier
- Department of Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary School of Maisons Alfort, 94704 Maisons Alfort cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Filleur
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Thibaut Cachon
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France ; Unité ICE UPSP 2011-03-101, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Didier Fau
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France ; Unité ICE UPSP 2011-03-101, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Eric Viguier
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France ; Unité ICE UPSP 2011-03-101, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Claude Carozzo
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France ; Unité ICE UPSP 2011-03-101, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France
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16
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Lockwood AA, Griffon DJ, Gordon-Evans W, Matheson JA, Barthélémy N, Schaeffer DJ. Comparison of Two Minimally Invasive Approaches to the Thoracolumbar Spinal Canal in Dogs. Vet Surg 2014; 43:209-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique J. Griffon
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine; Pomona California
| | | | - Jodi A. Matheson
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Biosciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois; Urbana Illinois
| | - Nicolas Barthélémy
- Department of Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - David J. Schaeffer
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Biosciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois; Urbana Illinois
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