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Oh YI, An JH, Lim GH, Park SM, Kim TH, Seo KW, Youn HY. Pamidronate-induced irreversible symptomatic hypocalcemia in a dog with hypercalcemia after glucocorticoid withdrawal: a case report. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:227. [PMID: 38790012 PMCID: PMC11127328 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pamidronate is used for the treatment of hypercalcemia. However, a rare but potential adverse event of pamidronate treatment is hypocalcemia. This report describes an unusual case of severe, irreversible hypocalcemia after a single injection of pamidronate for the treatment of hypercalcemia due to glucocorticoid withdrawal in a dog. CASE PRESENTATION An 11-year-old castrated male Maltese dog presented with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea (day 0). The patient had calcinosis cutis throughout the body, calcification of intraabdominal organs, mild azotemia, and severe hypercalcemia. The severe calcification was attributed to long-term glucocorticoid administration, which was discontinued 1 month before presentation. Fluid therapy, diuretics, calcitonin, and a single intravenous injection of pamidronate were used for the treatment of hypercalcemia. On day 14, normocalcemia was achieved, but renal failure occurred. On day 20, severe and irreversible hypocalcemia occurred, and on day 42, the patient was euthanized at the owner's request because of worsened hypocalcemia and renal failure. CONCLUSIONS Although hypocalcemia is an extremely rare adverse event of bisphosphonate treatment, bisphosphonates like pamidronate can result in potentially life-threatening conditions according to the patient's underlying conditions. Therefore, the patient's condition should be closely monitored and any underlying conditions should be carefully evaluated before initiating the treatment for hypercalcemia using pamidronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-In Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hyun Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Won Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Meneghetti LM, Perry KL. Management of insufficiency fractures associated with long-term bisphosphonate therapy in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2023; 9:20551169231183752. [PMID: 37581124 PMCID: PMC10423456 DOI: 10.1177/20551169231183752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 10-year-old spayed female domestic medium hair cat presented after sustaining atraumatic insufficiency fractures of the right calcaneus and the left tibia approximately 6 weeks apart. Chronic alendronate therapy had been ongoing for 9 years for the management of previously diagnosed idiopathic hypercalcemia. The right calcaneal fracture was managed non-operatively due to minimal functional impairment. The left tibial fracture was managed via open reduction and internal fixation with orthogonal plating. Alendronate therapy was discontinued at the time of the fracture repair with prednisolone being used to manage the hypercalcemia. Despite rapid clinical improvement, the tibial fracture had a protracted healing course, with clinical union only being achieved 22 weeks postoperatively. At 17 months postoperatively, the idiopathic hypercalcemia remained well controlled. Gait assessment, orthopedic examination and orthogonal radiographs performed at this time revealed resolution of left pelvic limb lameness, a normal orthopedic examination of the left pelvic limb and no evidence of implant-associated complications. Monitoring is ongoing but at the time of publication, no further fractures have occurred. Relevance and novel information As reported in humans, this case report gathers evidence of associations between bisphosphonate treatment and the occurrence of insufficiency fractures in cats, and provides evidence that stress reactions may precede their development. If bisphosphonate therapy is utilized in the long term, serial radiographic monitoring for signs of impending fracture may be warranted. Fracture repair can be successful in cats that have received long-term bisphosphonate therapy, but delayed healing should be anticipated and implant choices made accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Meneghetti
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karen L Perry
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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3
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Ringdahl-Mayland B, Thamm DH, Martin TW. Retrospective Evaluation of Outcome in Dogs With Appendicular Osteosarcoma Following Hypofractionated Palliative Radiation Therapy With or Without Bisphosphonates: 165 Cases (2010-2019). Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:892297. [PMID: 35619604 PMCID: PMC9128609 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.892297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To report the survival times in dogs that received a standardized palliative-intent radiation therapy (RT) protocol for the treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA), alone or in combination with bisphosphonates (BPs), and to determine whether the addition of BPs affects survival. A secondary objective was to identify prognostic features that may influence outcome in dogs undergoing treatment. Design Retrospective case series. Materials and Methods Dogs with presumed or confirmed OSA of the appendicular limb treated with daily hypofractionated RT (8 Gy x 2) at the Flint Animal Cancer Center between 2010 and 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical data were abstracted from the medical records, and adjuvant therapies were noted. Outcome was assessed using medical records and electronic follow up. Results One hundred and sixty-five dogs were included. Sixty-eight dogs received BPs as a part of their palliative-intent treatment. The median survival time from first RT treatment to death was not significantly different between groups (119 vs. 109 days for BP and non-BP groups, respectively, p = 0.758). Only age (>9 years) was found to be prognostic in this population (p = 0.031). Factors that were not found to be associated with survival time included BP drug type, timing of BP administration, tumor location, weight, breed, sex, time to treatment, concurrent administration of chemotherapy, and salvage amputation. Conclusions This study suggests no difference in outcome for dogs treated with and without BPs in addition to hypofractionated RT. Prospective studies are needed to determine if the addition of BPs to hypofractionated RT leads to an improved quality of life in dogs undergoing palliative-intent treatment for OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beck Ringdahl-Mayland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Douglas H. Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Tiffany W. Martin
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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4
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Norquest CJ, Maitz CA, Keys DA, Moore M, Bryan JN, Ehling TJ, Lattimer JC, Flesner BK. Fracture rate and time to fracture in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma receiving finely fractionated compared to coarsely fractionated radiation therapy: A single institution study. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1013-1024. [PMID: 35263506 PMCID: PMC9122396 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapy (RT) is used for local pain alleviation in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OS), especially among dogs that are poor surgical candidates for amputation. However, many historical reports of fractionated protocols lack time to fracture and fracture rates. OBJECTIVES The primary objectives of this retrospective study were to determine fracture rate and time to fracture of dogs receiving RT (coarse or fine fractionated) for appendicular OS. Secondary objectives were to evaluate tolerability and disease outcome measures. METHODS Fifty-one dogs that received RT as part of treatment for appendicular OS were available for evaluation. Forty-five received coarse fractionation (C-RT, 8 or 6 Gy per fraction protocols [C-RT8 or C-RT6]) while the remaining six received fine fractionation (F-RT). RESULTS The overall pathologic fracture rate was 37%. Pathologic fracture rate was significantly higher for dogs that received F-RT (5/6, 83%) compared to dogs that received C-RT (12/40, 30%, p = 0.021). In the 17 dogs that fractured, the overall median time to fracture was 57 days. For all dogs, the median progression free interval (PFI) and median overall survival time (OST) were 90 and 140 days, respectively. In a very small cohort of dogs (n = 7) treated with zoledronate and RT, fracture rate was 0% and extended survival times were noted. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, C-RT is recommended over F-RT due to lower risk of pathologic fracture and similar PFI. Prospective evaluation of combined C-RT and zoledronate, especially for dogs with poor surgical candidacy, is warranted for the treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Melanie Moore
- Veterinary Health CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri
| | | | - Tara J. Ehling
- Veterinary Health Center at WentzvilleUniversity of MissouriWentzvilleMissouri
| | | | - Brian K. Flesner
- Veterinary Health CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri
- School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
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5
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Martin TW, LaRue SM, Griffin L. CT characteristics and proposed scoring scheme are predictive of pathologic fracture in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2021; 63:82-90. [PMID: 34672060 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an established limb-sparing treatment for dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) and pathologic fractures are a common sequela. The objectives of this retrospective, observational, and descriptive study were to develop and evaluate objective CT criteria for predicting pathologic fractures and assess impacts on survival time. Included dogs had confirmed or suspected appendicular OSA, available CT scans, available outcome data, and were treated with SBRT. For each study, the number of quartiles affected by lysis on the most severely affected transverse slice, longest measurable length of contiguous full cortical lysis, presence of subchondral bone lysis, and ratio of the length of the affected bone to normal bone were recorded. A scoring system was developed for assigning grades (summed score 1-4 = grade 1, 5-7 = grade 2, and 8 or greater = grade 3.) A total of 127 CT datasets were sampled (123 patients). The median summed score was 7. The grade was correlated with pathologic fracture development (23% of grade 1, 35% of grade 2, and 57% of grade 3 resulting in fracture, P = 0.028). Subchondral bone lysis was correlated with fracture (odds ratio, 2.2, P = 0.02). Percent affected bone ≥40% was associated with decreased survival (P = 0.002). Dogs with <40% of affected bone had a median survival of 256 days versus 178 days for dogs with ≥40% affected bone. Findings from the current study can be used to assist in determining prognosis and planning radiation therapy for future dogs affected by appendicular OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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6
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Vidal SA, Skorupski KA, Willcox JL, Palm CA, Burton JH. Retrospective Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury After Zoledronic Acid Administration to Dogs With Malignant Osteolysis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:647846. [PMID: 34277751 PMCID: PMC8282816 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.647846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is an intravenous bisphosphonate indicated for the use of hypercalcemia of malignancy and management of bony metastases. Its therapeutic effect lies in the targeting of malignant osteoclasts; however, administration can be associated with renal toxicity. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) following ZOL administration in a cohort of cancer-bearing dogs. A pharmacy search was conducted to identify dogs that received a dose of ZOL between June 2016 and July 2019. Inclusion criteria included baseline and post-treatment chemistry panels. Medical records were reviewed to obtain clinical data including signalment, dose, dosage, number of treatments administered, and changes in renal function. Forty-four dogs met the inclusion criteria. Median number of doses administered was three [interquartile range (IQR), 2–5]. The median highest creatinine value occurred after a median of one dose (IQR, 1–2 doses) compared with the median highest value of blood urea nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which occurred after a median of two doses (IQR, 1–3). Six (13.6%) dogs developed an AKI, and one dog (2.3%) had progression of an existing azotemia after treatment with ZOL was initiated. Two dogs (4.5%) had ZOL treatment discontinued secondary to development of azotemia. Use of concurrent administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or anesthesia did not significantly increase the risk of AKI in this cohort of dogs. Acute kidney injury is observed infrequently in cancer-bearing dogs treated with ZOL and is generally mild to moderate in severity; discontinuation of ZOL due to AKI is uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Vidal
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Katherine A Skorupski
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer L Willcox
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Carrie A Palm
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jenna H Burton
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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7
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Martin TW, Griffin L, Custis J, Ryan SD, Lafferty M, Boss MK, Regan D, Rao S, Leary D, Withrow SJ, LaRue SM. Outcome and prognosis for canine appendicular osteosarcoma treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy in 123 dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:284-294. [PMID: 33403752 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Canine appendicular osteosarcoma is commonly treated with limb amputation; however, limb-sparing options are frequently desired or necessary for a subset of patients. We evaluated 123 patients and 130 sites treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Eighty-two out of 98 dogs (84%) had maximum lameness improvement at a median of 3 weeks for a median of 6 months duration. Histopathologic evaluation of available samples from amputation or necropsy revealed >80% tumor necrosis in 50% of limbs consistent with local disease control. Of evaluable patients, 41% fractured and 21% pursued an amputation after treatment. Fine needle aspirate (n = 52) and needle core biopsy (n = 28) did not result in increased fracture risk compared to those without tumor sampling (n = 50). Median survival time (MST) was 233 days and time to first event was 143 days. Gross tumor volume and planned target volume were significantly inversely associated with survival and tumor location was significantly associated with survival. Dogs with salvage amputation had a significantly longer MST compared to those without (346 vs 202 days; P = .04). The presence of metastatic disease at the time of treatment in 15 dogs did not significantly impact survival time (200 vs 237 days without metastasis; P = .58). Skin side effects correlated significantly with dose with 33% of patients with acute grade 3 effects developing consequential late grade 3 effects. While SBRT improves lameness in most patients, further investigation is needed to identify candidates with minimal early fracture risk prior to initiating therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - James Custis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VCA Animal Diagnostic Clinic, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stewart D Ryan
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary Lafferty
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Del Leary
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen J Withrow
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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8
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Lapsley J, Selmic LE. Common Neoplastic Diseases Affecting the Forelimb. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2021; 51:343-356. [PMID: 33446363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lameness, new swelling, or mass occurrence are the most common reasons for presentation when neoplasia affects the limbs. Tumors of the skin or subcutaneous tissues, joints, muscles, bones, or digits of the forelimb are reported. Diagnosis with fine needle aspiration or biopsy is necessary before treatment to allow staging, planning of treatment, and prognostication. The planning of surgical treatment of limb tumors is essential to maximize the chance of a complete resection on the first surgery, given that less skin is available for primary closure in subsequent revision or recurrence surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Lapsley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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9
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Suva LJ, Cooper A, Watts AE, Ebetino FH, Price J, Gaddy D. Bisphosphonates in veterinary medicine: The new horizon for use. Bone 2021; 142:115711. [PMID: 33141069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are characterized by their ability to bind strongly to bone mineral and inhibit bone resorption. However, BPs exert a wide range of pharmacological activities beyond the inhibition of bone resorption, including the inhibition of cancer cell metastases and angiogenesis and the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity, altered cytokine and growth factor expression, as well as reductions in parameters of pain have also been reported. In humans, clinical BP use has transformed the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis, rare bone diseases such as osteogenesis imperfecta, as well as multiple myeloma and metastatic breast and prostate cancer, albeit not without infrequent but significant adverse events. Despite the well-characterized health benefits of BP use in humans, the evidence-base for the therapeutic efficacy of BPs in veterinary medicine is, by comparison, limited. Notwithstanding, BPs are used widely in small animal veterinary practice for the medical management of hyperparathyroidism, idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats, as well as for the palliative care of bone tumors which are common in dogs, and in particular, primary bone tumors such as osteosarcoma. Palliative BP treatment has also recently increased in veterinary oncology to alleviate tumor-associated bone pain. In equine veterinary practice, non-nitrogen-containing BPs are FDA-approved to control clinical signs associated with navicular syndrome in adult horses. However, there are growing concerns regarding the off-label use of BPs in juvenile horses. Here we discuss the current understanding of the strengths, weaknesses and current controversies surrounding BP use in veterinary medicine to highlight the future utility of these potentially beneficial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry J Suva
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Alexis Cooper
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ashlee E Watts
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Frank H Ebetino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; BioVinc, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Joanna Price
- Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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10
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Nolan MW, Green NA, DiVito EM, Lascelles BDX, Haney SM. Impact of radiation dose and pre-treatment pain levels on survival in dogs undergoing radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for presumed extremity osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:538-547. [PMID: 32048435 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this bi-institutional retrospective study was to determine whether survival for dogs with extremity osteosarcoma (OS) is improved through the use of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT; a single fraction of 25 Gy, or 36 Gy total given in three consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy, vs lower dose conventionally planned and delivered hypofractionated radiotherapy (CHRT; 14-20 Gy total in 1-2 consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy. We also sought to determine whether baseline pain severity influences oncologic outcomes following radiotherapy for canine extremity OS. The medical records of 82 dogs undergoing radiotherapy for confirmed or presumed OS were reviewed. In dogs receiving combinations of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, survival was significantly longer with SRT vs CHRT (median overall survival time: 350 vs 147 days; P = .031). In a univariate analysis, dogs with pulmonary metastases and high pain at the time of irradiation had short overall survival times; use of high radiation doses and chemotherapy were associated with improved survival. Separate multivariable models were built to assess the predictive nature of various factors that might influence event-free or overall survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy; for dogs treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, overall survival times were significantly longer when baseline pain scores were 'low' (vs 'high'; hazard ratio: 0.258; P = .030), radiation doses were high (hazard ratio: 0.943; P = .034). Neither pain nor radiation dose were associated with survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, without chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Noah A Green
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth M DiVito
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Translational Research in Pain Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Thurston Arthritis Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Siobhan M Haney
- Veterinary CyberKnife Cancer Center, Malvern, Pennsylvania.,Hope Veterinary Specialists, Malvern, Pennsylvania
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11
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Hayes MA, Jemilo S, Muir P, Sullivan R, Bleedorn JA. Pathologic fracture healing after femoral limb salvage in a dog. Aust Vet J 2019; 98:84-89. [PMID: 31792933 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone sarcomas are a significant cause of pain, disability, and mortality in dogs. A variety of surgical limb salvage options are available to preserve limb function with comparable prognosis to amputation. CASE REPORT This report describes successful healing after plate fixation of an undifferentiated sarcoma pathologic femoral fracture in a dog. The fracture was treated surgically with curettage of the tumour site, placement of autogenous bone graft, and then stabilized using a locking plate rod construct. The patient regained excellent mobility after surgery and was managed with monthly pamidronate therapy. Serial radiographs demonstrate progressive healing of the pathologic fracture. Ultimately, the patient developed a maxillary fibrosarcoma and was euthanased 1 year after treatment of the femoral fracture. Postmortem histopathological evaluation of the pathologic fracture site demonstrated complete bone healing. CONCLUSION This case highlights the possibilities of limb salvage by fracture stabilization and bone healing as a viable option in select patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Hayes
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - S Jemilo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - P Muir
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - R Sullivan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - J A Bleedorn
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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12
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Nam A, Kim T, Li Q, Rebhun RB, Youn HY, Seo KW. Melarsomine suppresses canine osteosarcoma cell survival via inhibition of Hedgehog-GLI signaling. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1722-1729. [PMID: 31645504 PMCID: PMC6943322 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog-GLI signaling pathway is activated in human and canine osteosarcoma (OSA)
and represents a potential therapeutic target for cancers, including OSA. Arsenic trioxide
represses GLI expression. Melarsomine, an arsenic compound-containing drug, has been
approved for the treatment of canine heartworm disease. Hence, we hypothesized that
melarsomine inhibits GLI signaling in canine OSA cell lines. The present study aimed to
assess this hypothesis. Cell viability and colony formation were decreased in the canine
OSA cell lines Abrams and D17 after treatment with melarsomine. Melarsomine-induced
apoptotic cell death was assessed via cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide staining.
Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot
analyses revealed a downregulation of genes downstream of the Hedgehog signaling pathway,
including GLI1, GLI2, and PTCH, after
melarsomine treatment. The present results suggest that melarsomine exerts antitumor
effects and serves as a GLI inhibitor in canine OSA cells. Additional studies are required
to evaluate and confirm the anticancer effect and relevant therapeutic dose of melarsomine
in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryung Nam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taewon Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis 95616, CA, U.S.A
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Won Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Ong SM, Saeki K, Kok MK, Nakagawa T, Nishimura R. YM155 enhances the cytotoxic activity of etoposide against canine osteosarcoma cells. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1182-1190. [PMID: 31308291 PMCID: PMC6715925 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive and highly malignant primary bone tumor. Its
poor survival outcome remains problematic despite recent advances in anti-cancer therapy,
therefore highlighting the need for alternative treatment options or drug repositioning.
The aim of this study was to determine if YM155, a small-molecule survivin inhibitor,
potentiates the chemotherapeutic efficacy of etoposide against canine OSA in
vitro and in vivo. In cell culture, YM155 enhanced the
cytotoxic effect of etoposide against canine OSA cell lines; however, the molecular
mechanism behind this effect was heterogeneous, as only one cell line had an elevated
apoptotic level. In addition, this effect was not associated with survivin suppression in
two of the cell lines. These results suggest that the molecular target of YM155 is not
restricted to survivin alone. When tested on a murine xenograft model, the average tumor
volume of the combination treatment group (YM155, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, 5
consecutive days/week; and etoposide, 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, every 5 days) was 66%
smaller than the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant
(P=0.17). Further studies to improve the treatment protocol are
necessary to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Mei Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kohei Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Mun Keong Kok
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Séguin B, Pinard C, Lussier B, Williams D, Griffin L, Podell B, Mejia S, Timercan A, Petit Y, Brailovski V. Limb-sparing in dogs using patient-specific, three-dimensional-printed endoprosthesis for distal radial osteosarcoma: A pilot study. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:92-104. [PMID: 31209977 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Limb-sparing for distal radial osteosarcoma has a high rate of complications. Using personalized three-dimensional (3D)-printed implants might improve outcome. The goals of this study were to optimize use of patient-specific, 3D-printed endoprostheses for limb-sparing in dogs in the clinical environment and to report the outcome. This was a pilot study where five client-owned dogs were enrolled. Computed tomography (CT) of the thoracic limbs was performed, which was used to create patient-specific endoprostheses and cutting guides, and repeated on the day of surgery. Intra-arterial (IA) carboplatin was introduced in the clinical management. Limb-sparing was performed. Outcome measures were time required to produce the endoprosthesis and cutting guide, fit between cutting guide and endoprosthesis with host bones, gait analysis, size of the tumour, percent tumour necrosis, complications, disease-free interval (DFI) and survival time (ST). Four dogs received IA carboplatin. Excessive tumour growth between planning CT and surgery did not occur in any dog. The interval between the CT and surgery ranged from 14 to 70 days. Fit between the cutting-guide and endoprosthesis with the host bones was good to excellent. At least one complication occurred in all dogs. Two dogs were euthanized with STs of 192 and 531 days. The other dogs were alive with a follow up of 534 to 575 days. IA chemotherapy is a promising strategy to minimize the risk of excessive tumour growth while waiting for the endoprosthesis and cutting-guide to be made. The design of the cutting-guide was critical for best fit of the endoprosthesis with host bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Séguin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Chris Pinard
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Bertrand Lussier
- Département de Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Deanna Williams
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Brendan Podell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Sebastian Mejia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Anatolie Timercan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technolgie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yvan Petit
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technolgie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vladimir Brailovski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technolgie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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15
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Giuffrida MA, Kamstock DA, Selmic LE, Pass W, Szivek A, Mison MB, Boston SE, Fox LE, Robat C, Grimes JA, Maritato KC, Bacon NJ. Primary appendicular hemangiosarcoma and telangiectatic osteosarcoma in 70 dogs: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology retrospective study. Vet Surg 2018; 47:774-783. [PMID: 30051473 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define and compare clinical characteristics of canine primary appendicular hemangiosarcoma (HSA) and telangiectatic osteosarcoma (tOSA), including signalment, presentation, response to treatment, and prognosis. STUDY DESIGN Multi-institutional retrospective study. ANIMALS Seventy dogs with primary appendicular HSA or tOSA. METHODS Patient data were obtained from institutions' medical records. Immunohistochemistry was applied to archived tissues to establish tumor type. Patient characteristics, treatment responses, and outcomes were described and compared by tumor type. RESULTS Forty-one HSA and 29 tOSA were identified. Dogs with HSA were more likely than dogs with tOSA to be male and have hind limb tumors; 78% of HSA occurred in hind limbs, particularly the tibia. Dogs with tOSA weighed a median of 9.9 kg (95% CI 4.6-15.3) more than dogs with HSA. Most dogs received antineoplastic treatment, predominantly amputation with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall survival with local treatment and chemotherapy was 299 days (95% CI 123-750) for HSA and 213 days (95% CI 77-310) for tOSA. Younger age and more aggressive treatment were associated with longer survival in dogs with HSA but not tOSA. One-year survival rates did not differ between dogs with HSA (28%) and those with tOSA (7%). CONCLUSION Distinct clinical features were identified between HSA and tOSA in this population. Both tumors were aggressive, with a high incidence of pulmonary metastases. However, local treatment combined with chemotherapy led to an average survival 7 months for tOSA and 10 months for HSA. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE HSA should be considered as a differential in dogs with aggressive lytic bone lesions, particularly medium-sized dogs with tibial lesions. HSA has a unique clinical presentation but similar therapeutic response and outcome to OSA. Amputation and chemotherapy appear to prolong survival in some dogs with HSA and tOSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Giuffrida
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | | | - Laura E Selmic
- The Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - William Pass
- The Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Anna Szivek
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael B Mison
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah E Boston
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Leslie E Fox
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Cecilia Robat
- University of Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Janet A Grimes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Karl C Maritato
- MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nicholas J Bacon
- Fitzpatrick Referrals Oncology and Soft Tissue Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom
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16
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Ong SM, Saeki K, Kok MK, Tanaka Y, Choisunirachon N, Yoshitake R, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Anti-tumour efficacy of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam against canine osteosarcoma in a xenograft model. Res Vet Sci 2017; 113:130-135. [PMID: 28957780 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs is locally invasive and highly malignant. Distant metastasis is the most common cause of death. To date, the survival rate in dogs with OSA remains poor. The cytotoxic effects of etoposide against canine OSA cell lines, either alone or in combination with piroxicam, have been previously demonstrated in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumour effect of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam on canine OSA using murine models. Etoposide single agent treatment significantly delayed tumour progression with a marked reduction in Ki-67 immunoreactivity in tumour tissue. Concomitant treatment with piroxicam did not enhance the anti-tumour efficacy of etoposide. Etoposide single agent treatment and combination treatment with piroxicam down-regulated survivin expression, but was not followed by increased apoptotic activity. These findings indicate that etoposide might be a promising novel therapeutic for canine OSA. Further investigations into its potential for clinical application in veterinary oncology are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - K Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - M K Kok
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - N Choisunirachon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - R Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - T Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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17
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Ong SM, Saeki K, Tanaka Y, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Effects of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam on canine osteosarcoma cell lines. Vet J 2016; 218:51-59. [PMID: 27938709 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumour in dogs. The poor survival rate in dogs with OSA highlights the need for new therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of etoposide, alone and in combination with piroxicam, on canine OSA cell cultures. Etoposide alone significantly suppressed cell growth and viability, whereas etoposide in combination with piroxicam exhibited concentration dependent cytotoxicity. The anti-proliferative effect was a result of inactivity of the Cdc2-cyclin B1 complex, which correlated with an increase in the G2/M fraction. This subsequently activated the apoptosis cascade, as indicated by elevated apoptosis levels and up-regulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolytic cleavage. Down-regulation of survivin expression induced by the combination treatment may have contributed to the enhanced cytotoxicity. The results of this study suggest that further investigation of etoposide and piroxicam as a therapeutic combination for canine OSA is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - K Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - T Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Pagano C, Boudreaux B, Shiomitsu K. SAFETY AND TOXICITY OF AN ACCELERATED COARSELY FRACTIONATED RADIATION PROTOCOL FOR TREATMENT OF APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA IN 14 DOGS: 10 GY × 2 FRACTIONS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2016; 57:551-6. [PMID: 27374864 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Coarsely fractionated radiation is commonly used as a method for pain control in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma, however there is little published information on optimal protocols. The aim of this retrospective, descriptive study was to report safety and toxicity findings in a sample of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma that had been treated with a radiation scheme of 10 Gy delivered over two consecutive days for a total of 20 Gy. Dogs were included in the study if they had osteosarcoma that was treated with the aforementioned protocol. Dogs were excluded if treated with the same protocol for any other bone tumor besides osteosarcoma or inadequate follow-up. Thirteen of the 14 patients received adjuvant therapy with pamidronate and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. Nine dogs received adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin after radiation was complete. Within a median of 14 days, 92.8% of dogs subjectively had improved pain control. Median duration of response (DOR) was 80 days (range 20-365). The majority of patients developed VRTOG grade one toxicity, primarily alopecia. Five dogs (35.7%) developed pathologic fracture postradiation treatment. Timing of fracture was variable ranging from 24 to 250 days. This radiation protocol was well tolerated, with minimal toxicity, subjectively improved survival time, and had the benefit of being completed in two consecutive days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace Pagano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA, 70803.
| | - Bonnie Boudreaux
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA, 70803
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA, 70803
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Goldberg KJ. Veterinary hospice and palliative care: a comprehensive review of the literature. Vet Rec 2016; 178:369-74. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.103459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J. Goldberg
- Whole Animal Veterinary Geriatrics and Hospice Services; East Tompkins Street Ithaca New York 14850 USA
- Dr Goldberg also has a courtesy lecturer appointment at College of Veterinary Medicine; Cornell University; Tower Road Ithaca New York 14853 USA
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20
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Szewczyk M, Lechowski R, Zabielska K. What do we know about canine osteosarcoma treatment? Review. Vet Res Commun 2014; 39:61-7. [PMID: 25422073 PMCID: PMC4330401 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-014-9623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common type of bone tumors in dogs, which has high metastasis ability. 80 % of dogs with OSA die due to lung metastasis. As a result its treatment is a challenge for veterinary practitioners. The authors discuss the etiology, pathogenesis and the possible risk factors of OSA. The article focuses on literature review and the study of recent advances in OSA treatment. The authors describe therapies which have significantly prolonged the lives of dogs, as well as those that have proven to be ineffective. Advantages and disadvantages of limb amputation and limb-sparing surgery have been described. Authors present also the results of both single agent’s therapies with the most commonly used drugs as cisplatin, carboplatin and doxorubicin and compare them to the results obtained using combined chemotherapy. The use of nanotechnology as a new approach in OSA treatment in order to avoid multidrug resistance and reduce negative side effects of cytostatic drugs is presented. The main reasons of the therapies failure are also provided in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Szewczyk
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R. Lechowski
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Zabielska
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Pamidronate disodium for palliative therapy of feline bone-invasive tumors. Vet Med Int 2014; 2014:675172. [PMID: 25013741 PMCID: PMC4071848 DOI: 10.1155/2014/675172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to quantify in vitro antiproliferative effects of pamidronate in feline cancer cells and assess feasibility of use of pamidronate in cats by assessing short-term toxicity and dosing schedule in cats with bone-invasive cancer. A retrospective pilot study included eight cats with bone invasive cancer treated with intravenous pamidronate. In vitro, pamidronate reduced proliferation in feline cancer cells (P < 0.05). One cat treated with pamidronate in combination with chemotherapy and two cats treated with pamidronate as a single agent after failing prior therapy had subjective clinically stable disease; median progression free interval in these cats from initial pamidronate treatment was 81 days. Three cats developed azotemia while undergoing various treatment modalities including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pamidronate. Median overall survival was 116.5 days for all cats and 170 days for cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Median progression free survival was 55 days for all cats and 71 days for cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pamidronate therapy appears feasible for administration in cancer bearing cats with aggressive bone lesions in the dose range of 1-2 mg/kg every 21–28 days for multiple treatments. No acute or short-term toxicity was directly attributable to pamidronate.
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Petterino C, Penzo C, Ide A. Primary haemangiosarcoma of the tibia in a dog: clinical and pathological findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-013-1831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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