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Andrade MC, De Rus Aznar I, Brunnberg M, Slunsky P. Indications for the removal of implants after fracture healing: A comparison between human and veterinary medicine. VET MED-CZECH 2023; 68:259-270. [PMID: 37982051 PMCID: PMC10581530 DOI: 10.17221/52/2023-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Indications for implant removal after fracture healing are still under debate in both human and veterinary medicine. Although hardware removal is a common procedure, it should not be undertaken lightly. Intra and post-operative complications are common and a thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits should be performed. This review aimed to collect and summarise published data on the indications for implant removal in small animals, compare the collected data with human and equine medicine, and investigate the existence of guidelines for this purpose. There is no international consensual agreement for implant removal after fracture healing, neither in small animals nor in human orthopaedics. Decision-making processes are still controversial in some scenarios, thus clear evidence-based protocols for implant removal are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Candela Andrade
- Department of Human Anatomy, Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Ignacio De Rus Aznar
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital of Torrejón, Madrid, Spain; Shoulder and Knee Surgery Department, Olympia Quironsalud Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mathias Brunnberg
- Surgical Department, Small Animal Clinic, Tierarztpraxis Sörensen, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pavel Slunsky
- Surgical Department, Small Animal Hospital, Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany
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Mascellino H, Maritato K, Barnhart M, Kass P. A Retrospective Short-Term Evaluation Using a Polyaxial Plating System in 60 Small Animal Fractures. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2023; 36:104-110. [PMID: 36577444 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the use, complications and outcomes of the Liberty Lock System (LLS) used to repair fractures in dogs and cats. STUDY DESIGN Medical records (October 2016-June 2019) of dog and cat fractures repaired with the LLS were reviewed. Data reviewed included signalment, fracture classification, complications and radiographic outcome. RESULTS The LLS was used to repair 60 fractures (57 appendicular and 3 axial) in 54 dogs and 6 cats. Mean time to radiographic union was 6 weeks (range: 4-16). Radiographic union was achieved in all 60 fractures with 55/60 healing without recorded complications. Major complications 4/60 and minor complication 1/60 rates were low and no catastrophic complications occurred. The most common major complication was surgical site infection. CONCLUSION The LLS allowed for successful repair in all 60 cases with a wide variety of fractures. The LLS had a similar complication rate and time to radiographic union to that reported in other veterinary locking plate systems. The LLS is a reliable locking plate system which offers some advantages such as a low-profile plate with the ability to place non-polyaxial to angled polyaxial screws, to treat fractures in dogs and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Mascellino
- MedVet Medical Center for Pets, Worthington, Ohio, United States
| | - Karl Maritato
- MedVet Medical and Cancer Center for Pets, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Matthew Barnhart
- MedVet Medical Center for Pets, Worthington, Ohio, United States
| | - Philip Kass
- UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, United States
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Chong WL, Eckart LH, Sul R, Jermyn K, Michelsen J. Retrospective Comparison of Titanium Hybrid Locking Plate with Stainless Steel Hybrid Dynamic Compression Plate for Pancarpal Arthrodesis: 23 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2022; 35:270-278. [PMID: 35609872 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes and complications of dogs that had pancarpal arthrodesis (PCA) using a titanium hybrid advanced locking plate system (ALPS) and stainless steel hybrid dynamic compression plate (HDCP). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective observational study. METHODS Medical records (2007-2020) were reviewed for cases that had PCA performed using ALPS or HDCP. Implant characteristics including metacarpal coverage (MCov), metacarpal width occupied by screw diameter percentage and carpal arthrodesis angle (CAA), complications and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Pancarpal arthrodesis was performed with ALPS on 15 limbs from 12 dogs, and HDCP on 14 limbs from 11dogs. Median follow-up time was 1,157 days (range: 62-1,902 days) for ALPS group and 340 days (range: 43-1,465 days) for HDCP. Median MCov for ALPS group was 74% (range: 60-87.5%) compared with 56.5% (range: 49.7-91.3%) for HDCP (p = 0.001). There was no difference in CAA and metacarpal width to screw diameter percentage between ALPS and HDCP group. Major and minor complications and surgical site infection rates were not statistically different between the two groups. Plate fracture occurred in 2/15 ALPS PCA and screw loosening occurred in 4/14 HDCP PCA. Full function was achieved in 8/12 AND 8/11 OF ALPS AND HDCP: cases, respectively, which was not statistically different (p = 0.76). CONCLUSION The use of ALPS offers comparable performance to HDCP for PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wye Li Chong
- Animal Referral Hospital Canberra, Pialligo, Australia
| | | | - Rui Sul
- Animal Referral Hospital Canberra, Pialligo, Australia
| | - Kieri Jermyn
- Animal Referral Hospital Canberra, Pialligo, Australia
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Chong WL, Michelsen J. Medial patellar luxation in a chondrodysplastic Alaskan Malamute. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wye Li Chong
- Surgery Department Animal Referral Hospital Canberra Australia
| | - Jacob Michelsen
- Surgery Department Animal Referral Hospital Canberra Australia
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Bassanino J, Kaczmarek J, Boursier JF, Mindner J, Paton R, Bedu AS, Unger M, Scharvogel S, Meiler D, Leperlier D. Radiographically confirmed outcomes after fracture repair with a PLS polyaxial locking system in 40 dogs and cats. Vet Surg 2021; 50:571-578. [PMID: 33480076 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report radiographic findings and complications after fracture repair with a new polyaxial locking plate system (PLS polyaxial locking system; Aesculap/B Braun, Tuttlingen, Germany) in dogs and cats. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case review from four veterinary practices. SAMPLE POPULATION Twenty-six dogs and 14 cats (40 long bone fractures). METHODS Medical and radiographic records of dogs and cats with long bone fractures treated with the PLS were reviewed. Cases were included when operative records were complete and included documentation of radiographic union or complications. Phone interviews of owners were performed for long-term follow-up. Ancillary methods of fracture fixation and associated complications were recorded. RESULTS Only two complications were recorded, one of which required a revision surgery. Radiographic follow-up was performed for all fractures. Radiographic union without complications was achieved in 38 of 40 (95%) fractures. Radiographic union was documented before 60 days in 19 of 40 (47.5%) fractures, between 61 and 90 days in 15 of 40 (37.5%) fractures, and after 90 days in six of 40 (15%) fractures. A functional union was observed at a mean time ± SD of 70.8 ± 38.9 days (range, 32-182). One or more ancillary fixation methods were used in 27 of 40 (67.5%) fractures. CONCLUSION The PLS polyaxial locking system was often used with adjunct fixation in this series, and radiographically confirmed healing without complications was documented in most cases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Use of the PLS can result in high success rates for fracture repair in dogs and cats, but ancillary fixation should be strongly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Unger
- AniCura Kleintierspezialisten, Augsburg, Germany
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6
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Ferrero FC, Baroncelli AB, Hudson CC, Peirone B, Reif U, Piras LA. Fracture Repair in Cats Using a Conical Coupling Mini 1.9 to 2.5 mm Locking Plate System. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2020; 33:443-450. [PMID: 32951192 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical application of the Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system for the treatment of long bone fractures in cats. We proposed that the Fixin mini system would successfully stabilize long bone fractures in cats with a healing time and complication rate similar to those previously reported for feline fractures using other locking bone plate systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records and radiographs of cats with long bone fractures stabilized with the Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system were retrospectively reviewed. Signalment, body weight, bone(s) fractured, region of bone fractured, fracture classification, concurrent orthopaedic injuries, complications, time to functional union, if minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis techniques were used, plate size, number of plates, bone graft use and ancillary methods of fixation were recorded. RESULTS Fifty-six fractures in 54 cats were included. Mean time to radiographic union was 8.8 weeks. Complications were recorded in 8 out of 56 fractures. Major complications occurred in 4 of 56 fractures and minor complications occurred in 4 of 56 fractures. CONCLUSION The Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system had an overall complication rate and time to functional union similar to that of other implant systems used to treat feline long bone fractures and it appears suitable for repair of a wide variety of long bone fracture configurations in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caleb C Hudson
- Department of Surgery, Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Bruno Peirone
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Ullrich Reif
- Tierklinik Dr. Reif, Schönhardterstr, Böbingen, Germany
| | - Lisa A Piras
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Gunstra AL, Steurer JA, Dixon BC, Siebert RL. Description and outcome of prosthetic ligament placement for stabilization of medial or dorsomedial tarsometatarsal joint luxation in dogs and cats: 16 cases (2004-2017). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 255:336-344. [PMID: 31298649 DOI: 10.2460/javma.255.3.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe prosthetic ligament placement for reduction and stabilization of medial or dorsomedial tarsometatarsal joint luxation in dogs and cats and to report complications and postoperative outcomes for patients that underwent that procedure. ANIMALS 14 dogs and 2 cats with medial or dorsomedial tarsometatarsal joint luxation. PROCEDURES The electronic database of a referral surgery practice was searched to identify records of dogs and cats with tarsometatarsal joint luxation that underwent prosthetic ligament placement between January 2004 and March 2017. For each study subject, information extracted from the medical record included signalment, a description of the tarsometatarsal joint injury, durations of anesthesia and surgery, and intraoperative and postoperative care and complications. Radiographic images were also reviewed. The long-term outcome for study subjects was assessed by administration of a standardized questionnaire to owners. RESULTS Prosthetic ligament placement successfully stabilized the luxated tarsometatarsal joint in all 16 patients. Six patients developed minor postoperative complications, which included bandage-associated dermatitis or ulceration (n = 5) and orthopedic wire failure (1). No major or catastrophic complications were reported. All 13 owners who completed the questionnaire perceived that the described technique resulted in satisfactory long-term function for their pets. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that prosthetic ligament placement was a technically simple procedure that achieved satisfactory long-term stabilization of the tarsometatarsal joint in small animal patients with medial or dorsomedial luxation of the joint. Prosthetic ligament placement may be an alternative to arthrodesis for tarsometatarsal joint stabilization in appropriate patients.
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Darrow BG, Weigel JP, Greenacre CB, Xie X, Liaw PK, Biskup JJ. Ex Vivo Biomechanical Comparison of Titanium Locking Plate, Stainless Steel Nonlocking Plate, and Tie-in External Fixator Applied by a Dorsal Approach on Ostectomized Humeri of Pigeons ( Columba livia). J Avian Med Surg 2019; 33:29-37. [PMID: 31124609 DOI: 10.1647/2017-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To compare the bending strength of a locking plate (LP), nonlocking plate (NLP), and an external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin (ESF-IM) tie-in fixation applied by a dorsal approach in an avian humerus fracture model, 5 left humeri obtained from pigeon (Columba livia) cadavers were randomly assigned to each repair technique (n = 15). The ESF-IM group was repaired with a 0.062-inch intramedullary pin tied-in with two 0.035-inch positive profile transfixation pins using acrylic filled plastic tubing. The LP group was repaired with a dorsally applied titanium 1.6-mm screw 7-hole locking plate (1 bicortical and 2 monocortical screws in each segment). The NLP group was repaired with a dorsally applied 6-hole stainless steel 1.5-mm dynamic compression plate (all bicortical screws). All constructs were applied before complete ostectomy to allow perfect reconstruction. Constructs were cyclically tested nondestructively for 1000 cycles in four-point bending before being tested to failure. Outcome measures included stiffness, strength, and strain energy. All specimens cycled without failure. The ESF-IM specimens were significantly stiffer and stronger than the plated repair groups. Plated constructs had significantly higher strain energies than ESF-IM. LP and NLP were of equal stiffness, strength, and strain energies. This study demonstrated that bending biomechanical properties of the ESF-IM configuration were superior to those of the dorsal plate fixation. Exact properties of fixation required to facilitate avian fracture healing are largely unknown. Further study, including assessments of optimal plate position and configuration, and torsional and in vivo studies in avian species are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett G Darrow
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Joseph P Weigel
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Cheryl B Greenacre
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Xie Xie
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee College of Engineering, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Peter K Liaw
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee College of Engineering, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jeffery J Biskup
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Tuan J, Comas N, Solano M. Clinical outcomes and complications of pancarpal arthrodesis stabilised with 3.5 mm/2.7 mm locking compression plates with internal additional fixation in 12 dogs. N Z Vet J 2019; 67:270-276. [PMID: 31234729 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2019.1636417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To report the clinical outcomes and complications after the use of 3.5 mm/2.7 mm locking compression plates (LCP) with additional internal fixation for pancarpal arthrodesis (PCA) in dogs. METHODS This was a retrospective study using medical records from a single orthopaedic referral hospital between December 2015 and April 2018. The inclusion criteria were the use of a dorsally applied LCP for PCA in dogs with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. Additional crossed 2.7 or 3.5 mm cortical screws or Kirschner wires were placed in all limbs to further stabilise the joints. A light dressing without external coaptation was applied postoperatively to all limbs. Postoperative lameness assessment was recorded at the last clinical evaluation. RESULTS Twelve dogs with 13 arthrodesed limbs were included, with carpal hyperextension injury being the most common indication for surgery (4/13; 31%). One dog was recorded with a minor complication, which was a metacarpal fracture distal to the bone plate. Major complications were observed in 4/13 (31%) limbs, with surgical site infection being recorded in all four limbs and screw loosening in one limb. No implant failure was reported. At the final clinical evaluation (43-437 days after surgery), none or mechanical lameness was recorded in 9/13 (69%) limbs, mild lameness in 3/13 (23%) limbs, and moderate lameness in one 1/13 (8%) limb. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Locking plate and screw fixation with additional internal fixation resulted in comparable complication and infection rates in canine PCA to previous published studies using hybrid dynamic compression plates. No implant failure was reported for any of the limbs despite the use of a light dressing without external coaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tuan
- a Fitzpatrick Referrals , Eashing, Godalming , UK
| | - N Comas
- a Fitzpatrick Referrals , Eashing, Godalming , UK
| | - M Solano
- a Fitzpatrick Referrals , Eashing, Godalming , UK
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Field MR, Butler R, Wills RW, Maxwell WM. Retrospective evaluation of perioperative and short term clinical outcomes in appendicular long bone skeleton fractures repaired via the string of pearls (SOP) locking plate system. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:386. [PMID: 30518361 PMCID: PMC6282292 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internal plate fixation and, more recently, locking plate fixation are commonly used in the repair of fractures in small animal surgery. This retrospective study reviewed the use of the String of Pearls locking plate system in the fixation/repair of appendicular long bone skeleton fractures in 31 small animal veterinary patients (33 fractures). RESULTS Major complications necessitating revision surgery occurred in 7/33 (21%), with implant failure as the inciting cause in all cases. Variables corresponding to an unsuccessful outcome were evaluated, and a correlation was found with plates placed in a bridging manner (placed without rigid anatomic reconstruction, p = 0.02) and length of follow-up (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The SOP plating system can be used in the repair of appendicular longbone skeletal fractures, however, the authors propose that adjunct fixation, such as intramedullary pin, double plating, or external coaptation would likely improve results and should be considered imperative in cases in which anatomic reconstruction is either not desirable or achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Field
- Arkansas Veterinary Emergency & Specialists, 11619 Pleasant Ridge Road, Little Rock, AR 72212 USA
| | - Ryan Butler
- Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, Starkville, MS 39762 USA
| | - Robert W. Wills
- Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, Starkville, MS 39762 USA
| | - Wilburn M. Maxwell
- Memphis Veterinary Specialists, 555 Trinity Creek Cove, Cordova, TN 38018 USA
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Surgical repair of a severely comminuted maxillary fracture in a dog with a titanium locking plate system. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 27:398-404. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-14-03-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryA four-year old male Labrador Retriever was admitted with head trauma after being hit by a car. The dog had sustained multiple nasal, maxillary, and frontal bone fractures that resulted in separation of the maxilla from the base of the skull. A severely comminuted left zygomatic arch fracture was also present. These fractures were all repaired using a point contact, locking titanium plate system, in a single procedure that resulted in excellent postoperative occlusion and immediate function. Healing was uneventful. Full function and excellent cosmetic appearance were evident 13 months after surgery. This case illustrates the ease of repair and the success of treatment of severely comminuted maxillofacial fractures by conforming to basic biomechanical principles taken directly from the human experience and successfully applied to the dog; these included multiple plate application along the buttresses and trusses of the facial skeleton. The plate fixation was applied to bridge the multiple fractures along the most appropriate lines of stress. The small size of the plates, and the ability to easily contour them to adapt to the bone surface in threedimensions, allowed their placement in the most appropriate positions to achieve sufficient rigidity and lead to uncomplicated healing without any postoperative complications.
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12
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Complications of appendicular fracture repair in cats and small dogs using locking compression plates. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 29:46-52. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-14-09-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryObjective: Our objectives were: 1) to review the complications associated with stabilization of appendicular fractures in cats and small dogs using locking compression plates (LCP), and 2) to identify factors that could influence fixation construct stability.Study design: Retrospective clinical study.Materials and methods: Medical and radiographic records of cats and small dogs with appendicular fractures treated with LCP were reviewed. Only cases with adequate follow-up to document clinical union and cases for which complications appeared before the clinical union were included. Complications were classified as implant-related complications or other complications. Cases with implant-related complications were compared to cases with non-implant-related complications for differences in signalment (species, age, body weight, multiple fractures), fracture location and type (fractured bone, fracture localization, closed or open fracture), reduction method (open reduction and internal fixation [ORIF] or minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis [MIPO]) and fixation evaluations (implant size, platebridging ratio, plate span ratio, working length, plate screw density, number of screws and cortices engaged per plate and per main fragment, ratio between screw and bone diameter at the narrowest aspect of the bone, and presence of ancillary fixation).Results: Seventy-five fractures from 63 cats (64 fractures) and 10 dogs (11 fractures) met the inclusion criteria. Eight humeral, 13 radio-ulnar, 26 femoral, and 28 tibio-fibular fractures were treated. Primary repair of the fracture was performed using 2.0 mm and 2.4 mm LCP in 22 and 53 fractures, respectively. Overall and implant-related complications were encountered in 13 and seven of 75 fractures, respectively. Fixation failure was not significantly associated with any aforementioned factor considered in this study, and in particular, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of fixation failure between fractures stabilized with two, or more than two, bicortical locking screws per main fragment.Clinical significance: 2.0 mm and 2.4 mm LCP were used to manage appendicular fractures in cats and small dogs. The overall complication and fixation failure rate were comparable to those reported in previous studies in which various locking plate systems were used.Online Supplementary Material for this article is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/VCOT-14-09-0146
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Guthrie JW, Kalff S. Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy locking-compression plates for stabilisation of canine and feline ilial body fractures. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 59:232-237. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Kalff
- Fitzpatrick Referrals; Eashing Surrey, GU7 2QQ UK
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Tremolada G, Lewis DD, Paragnani KL, Conrad BP, Kim SE, Pozzi A. Biomechanical comparison of a 3.5-mm conical coupling plating system and a 3.5-mm locking compression plate applied as plate-rod constructs to an experimentally created fracture gap in femurs of canine cadavers. Am J Vet Res 2017; 78:712-717. [PMID: 28541152 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.6.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare stiffness and resistance to cyclic fatigue of two 3.5-mm locking system plate-rod constructs applied to an experimentally created fracture gap in femurs of canine cadavers. SAMPLE 20 femurs from cadavers of 10 mixed-breed adult dogs. PROCEDURES 1 femur from each cadaver was stabilized with a conical coupling plating system-rod construct, and the contralateral femur was stabilized with a locking compression plate (LCP)-rod construct. An intramedullary Steinmann pin was inserted in each femur. A 40-mm gap then was created; the gap was centered beneath the central portion of each plate. Cyclic axial loading with increasing loads was performed. Specimens that did not fail during cyclic loading were subjected to an acute load to failure. RESULTS During cyclic loading, significantly more LCP constructs failed (6/10), compared with the number of conical coupling plating system constructs that failed (1/10). Mode of failure of the constructs included fracture of the medial or caudal aspect of the cortex of the proximal segment with bending of the plate and pin, bending of the plate and pin without fracture, and screw pullout. Mean stiffness, yield load, and load to failure were not significantly different between the 2 methods of stabilization. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both constructs had similar biomechanical properties, but the conical coupling plating system was less likely to fail than was the LCP system when subjected to cyclic loading. These results should be interpreted with caution because testing was limited to a single loading mode.
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Tan CJ, Johnson KA. Stabilisation of periarticular fractures and osteotomies with a notched head locking T-plate. Aust Vet J 2016; 94:377-83. [PMID: 27671082 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the clinical outcomes and complications of small animals that had articular or periarticular fractures or osteotomies stabilised with a notched head locking T-plate. METHODS Medical records were searched retrospectively to identify animals that had a notched head locking T-plate used to stabilise a small articular or periarticular bone fragment. RESULTS Nine dogs and two cats had an articular or periarticular bone fragment stabilised with a 2.0- or 2.4-mm notched head locking T-plate (12 procedures). The median body weight was 4.7 kg. The plate was modified by removing holes in 10/12 procedures and a combination of locking and non-locking screws were used in 7/12 procedures. All fractures or osteotomies progressed to clinical union. There were two intraoperative complications (intra-articular screw placement and overlong screw) and two postoperative complications (skin necrosis and stress protection) CONCLUSIONS This study reports the successful use of a 2.0- or 2.4-mm notched head locking T-plate for articular or periarticular fractures or osteotomies in a variety of small-breed dogs and cats. Care must be taken to prevent inadvertent penetration of the articular surface, particularly in regions such as the proximal tibia. The ability to modify the plate dimensions intraoperatively proved beneficial in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Tan
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | - K A Johnson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Schmierer PA, Kircher PR, Hartnack S, Knell SC. Screw Loosening and Pelvic Canal Narrowing After Lateral Plating of Feline Ilial Fractures With Locking and Nonlocking Plates. Vet Surg 2015; 44:900-4. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A. Schmierer
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery; Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Patrick R. Kircher
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging; Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sonja Hartnack
- Division of Epidemiology; Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sebastian C. Knell
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery; Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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Niederhäuser SK, Tepic S, Weber UT. Effect of screw position on single cycle to failure in bending and torsion of a locking plate–rod construct in a synthetic feline femoral gap model. Am J Vet Res 2015; 76:402-10. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.5.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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