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Chen HT, Zhou J, Fan YL, Lei CL, Li BJ, Fan LX, Xu L, Xu M, Hu XQ, Yu ZY. Anesthetic agent etiomidate induces apoptosis in N2a brain tumor cell line. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3137-3142. [PMID: 30066945 PMCID: PMC6102749 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study identified the cytotoxic effects of etomidate on the N2a neuroblastoma cell line. Etomidate induced apoptosis in N2a cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was confirmed by western blotting and flow cytometry. Phase contrast microscopy was used to analyze the effect of etomidate on morphological characteristics. The number of the apoptotic cells was increased and confirmed by DAPI and PI staining, which served as a characteristic hallmark of apoptosis. Additionally, etomidate led to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and resulted in the generation of reactive oxygen species in N2a cells. The western blot analysis revealed that N2a cells treated with etomidate had a significant modulation of pro-apoptotic proteins, includingpoly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved PARP, caspase-9 and procaspase-3. In conclusion, the present study determined that etomidate induced cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in N2a brain tumor cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - You-Ling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Liang Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Jin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Qin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ying Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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