1
|
Yang L, Zhang X, Zhong Z, Li J, Xiong Z. Patient-specific finite element analysis of four different fixation methods for transversely unstable radial head fractures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21134. [PMID: 39256418 PMCID: PMC11387503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plate fixation is a common treatment option for radial head fractures (RHFs). Due to the benefits of less invasiveness and fewer complications of internal fixation, the application of small-diameter headless compression screws (HCSs) to treat RHFs has become a new trend. This study aimed to compare the mechanical stability of four distinct internal fixation protocols for transversely unstable RHFs via finite element analysis. Using computed tomography data from 10 patients, we developed 40 patient-specific FE models of transversely unstable RHFs fixed by parallel, crossed, and tripod HCSs and mini-T plate (MTP). Under simulated physiological loading of the elbow joint, the construct stiffness, displacement, and von Mises stresses were evaluated and verified by a biomechanical experiment. Under shear loading, the MTP group exhibited lower construct stiffness, larger displacement, and higher Von Mises stress than the HCSs group. The stiffness of tripod HCSs was greater than parallel and crossed screw fixation techniques. There was a strong relationship between apparent bone density and construct stiffness (R = 0.98 to 0.99). In the treatment of transversely unstable RHFs, HCSs have superior biomechanical stability than MTP. The tripod technique was also more stable than parallel and crossed fixation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhou Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiping Li
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhongwei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ellis LF, House AK, Shimura K, Frances M. Comparison of Hounsfield Units within the Humeral Trochlea and Medial Coronoid Process in a Population of Labrador X Golden Retriever Guide Dogs and Border Collies. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2024; 37:223-229. [PMID: 38447963 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if variations in Hounsfield units (HU) are present within the elbow between asymptomatic dogs of two breeds of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia. STUDY DESIGN Guide Dogs and Border Collies that presented for routine computed tomography (CT) screening for elbow dysplasia prior to breeding were evaluated. All dogs had no documented history of lameness. Dogs diagnosed with CT as being free of elbow dysplasia were included. The CT images were randomized and assessed by three blinded observers. A standardised approach to CT image reconstruction to create consistent image planes was used. Hounsfield units were measured within a standardised region of interest (ROI) at the humeral trochlea and medial coronoid process. The minimum, mean and maximum HU within each ROI was recorded. RESULTS Eighty-six elbows were included in the study with 32 Guide Dogs, and 11 Border Collies. Guide Dogs had significantly higher minimum (99.75 HU, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.02-184.48, p = 0.022), mean (115.09 HU, 95% CI: 80.53-149.64, p < 0.01) and maximum (74.00 HU, 95% CI: 44.58-103.42, p < 0.01) difference in HU within the medial coronoid process ROI, and significantly higher mean (146.49 HU, 95% CI: 100.12-192.87, p < 0.01) and maximum (147.77 HU, 95% CI: 102.57-192.97, p < 0.01) difference in HU within the humeral trochlea ROI. CONCLUSION In this dataset breed variations in elbow HU were present between asymptomatic Guide Dogs and Border Collies. This needs to be considered in breeding screening programmes to avoid over-interpretation of elbow sclerosis, in the absence of elbow pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke F Ellis
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, Peninsula Vet Emergency and Referral Hospital, Mornington, VIC, Australia
| | - Arthur K House
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, Peninsula Vet Emergency and Referral Hospital, Mornington, VIC, Australia
| | - Kiyoko Shimura
- Department of Research, Peninsula Vet Emergency and Referral Hospital, Mornington, VIC, Australia
| | - Mika Frances
- Department of Small Animal Radiology, VetCT, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gander Soares D, Allen MJ, Burton NJ. Bone density of the humeral condyle in Labrador retrievers with medial coronoid process disease. J Small Anim Pract 2022; 63:821-828. [PMID: 35859535 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate, using CT imaging, differences in the regional bone density of the humeral condyle in Labrador retriever elbows with and without medial coronoid process disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The elbows of Labrador Retrievers that had undergone CT were reviewed. Scans were divided into three categories: elbows without medial coronoid process disease; elbows with medial coronoid process disease involving fragmentation of the radial incisure; elbows with medial coronoid process disease involving fragmentation of the medial coronoid apex. A templating technique was employed to define the weight-bearing regions of the medial and lateral portion of the humeral condyle and estimates of volumetric bone density (defined by Hounsfield unit measurement) were compared across the three groups. RESULTS CT evaluation was performed on 122 elbows in 81 dogs. There was a higher mean Hounsfield unit measurement in the medial and lateral portions of the humeral condyles in elbows with medial coronoid process disease involving fragmentation of the medial coronoid apex compared with elbows with medial coronoid process disease involving fragmentation of the radial incisure. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dogs with apical fragmentation of the medial coronoid process exhibited significantly higher estimated bone mineral density within the medial portion of the humeral condyle when compared to dogs with radial incisure fragmentation. The medial portion of the humeral condyle may be associated with the pathogenesis of apical but not radial incisure medial coronoid process fragmentation in Labrador Retrievers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gander Soares
- Wear Referrals Veterinary Hospital Bradbury, Stockton-on-Tees, TS21 2ES, UK
| | - M J Allen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgical Discovery Centre, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - N J Burton
- Wear Referrals Veterinary Hospital Bradbury, Stockton-on-Tees, TS21 2ES, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Válega A, Alves-Pimenta S, McEvoy FJ, Nielsen DH, Ginja M. Digital Analysis of Subtrochlear Sclerosis in Elbows Submitted for Dysplasia Screening. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:664532. [PMID: 34055952 PMCID: PMC8149609 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.664532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulnar trochlear notch (UTN) subchondral bone sclerosis is observed in elbow dysplasia (ED) associated with the medial coronoid disease. However, its evaluation is based on a simple visual examiner assessment of bone radio-opacity level and is considered subjective. The purpose of this study was to objectively characterize the radiographic opacity of the ulnar trochlear notch (UTN) subchondral bone in mediolateral elbow projections classified, using the International Elbow Working Group guidelines. Records and mediolateral flexed elbow images from the Danish Kennel Club database for the ED screening scheme between 2012 and 2018 were available. Of the dogs in the database, those with an ED-negative status in the left limb were identified. From these, 20 dogs each having a status free from ED, or with Grade 1, 2, or 3 in the right limb, were randomly chosen. Joints with primary ununited anconeal process were excluded from the sample. A template was developed using the ImageJ software, for computer UTN sclerosis analysis. It was overlaid onto each image to define five regions of interest (ROIs): ROI-1, distal UTN; ROI-2, middle UTN; ROI-3, caudal UTN; ROI-4, cortical bone; and ROI-5, bone marrow. Mean pixel intensity for each UTN ROI was divided by the mean pixel intensity of ROI-4 to normalize the data. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the normalized pixel intensity in the disease joints (ED Grades 1, 2, and 3) was 1.18 ± 0.17, 1.03 ± 0.12, and 0.92 ± 0.09 for ROIs 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The corresponding values for the contralateral normal left joints were 1.16 ± 0.17, 1.01 ± 0.1, and 0.91 ± 0.08. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the normalized mean pixel intensity in dysplastic vs. non-dysplastic elbow joints for ROIs 1 and 2. The raw mean pixel intensity from right and left cortical and marrow bone ROIs sometimes showed relatively large differences. Digital radiography is associated with exposure and post-processing variabilities. Differences in apparent radio-opacity (as indicated by pixel intensity) though statistically significant in dysplastic joints compared with contralateral normal joints are slight and are thus problematic for computer-aided assessments of UTN sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Válega
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sofia Alves-Pimenta
- Department of Animal Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fintan J McEvoy
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte H Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mário Ginja
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Babel H, Omoumi P, Andriacchi TP, Jolles BM, Favre J. New insight on the subchondral bone and cartilage functional unit: Bone mineral density and cartilage thickness are spatially correlated in non-osteoarthritic femoral condyles. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2020; 2:100079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
6
|
Veksins A, Kozinda O, Sandersen C. Computed tomographic morphometry of the biceps brachii muscle tendon of dogs affected by the medial coronoid disease. Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 49:196-202. [PMID: 31709577 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) attachment to the medial coronoid process (MCP) using computed tomography images and to compare these data between clinically healthy and dogs affected by medial coronoid disease (MCD). Computed tomography was performed in MCD-affected and healthy dogs. Multiplanar reconstruction views were obtained to measure distance (cm) of the BBM attachment point to the MCP. Results showed that the mean BBM attachment point-to-MCP was 1.42 ± 0.23 cm in MCD-affected and 1.27 ± 0.20 cm in healthy dogs, respectively. In dogs with MCD, the BBM attachment point-to-MCP was significantly more abaxial than in clinically healthy dogs (p < .001). The results of this study support the hypothesis that the BBM attachment site is more abaxial to the MCP and therefore may contribute to supraphysiological overload leading to MCD. Albeit more research is necessary, this study proves a relationship between the BBM attachment point and the development of MCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armands Veksins
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Oskars Kozinda
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Charlotte Sandersen
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia.,The University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mostafa A, Nolte I, Wefstaedt P. The prevalence of medial coronoid process disease is high in lame large breed dogs and quantitative radiographic assessments contribute to the diagnosis. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2018; 59:516-528. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Mostafa
- Small Animal Hospital; College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Hospital; University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Foundation; Hannover Germany
| | - Patrick Wefstaedt
- Small Animal Hospital; University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Foundation; Hannover Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lucas K, Behrens BA, Nolte I, Galindo-Zamora V, Betancur S, Almohallami A, Bouguecha A, Mostafa A, Lerch M, Stukenborg-Colsman C, Wefstaedt P. Comparative investigation of bone mineral density using CT and DEXA in a canine femoral model. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2667-2672. [PMID: 28387962 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone density measurements using computed tomography (CT) instead of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) are currently of great interest in human and veterinary medical research as it would be beneficial to use CT scans obtained for other indications also for determining bone density. For Hounsfield units (HU) measured with CT in specific regions of interests (ROIs) in one or several slice/s a correlation with bone mineral density (BMD) measured by DEXA in humans and dogs of between 0.44 and 0.77 is reported in the literature. In the present study, instead certain volumes of interest (VOIs) obtained by CT scan and the corresponding HU to the respective VOIs were compared with the bone mineral density of the corresponding areas measured by DEXA. The aim of the study was to investigate whether this procedure gives more accurate information about bone density of the bones as three-dimensional objects of the respective patient. Correlation between measured HU in the respective VOI and BMD measured with DEXA in the corresponding ROI showed a very good correlation of 0.93. Linear regression with R2 = 0.85 (p = 0.0262) was calculated. Except for VOI5, similar distribution of values and significant differences (p < 0.0001-0.0087) between ROIs/VOIs were detected. Determining HU for assessing bone mineral density in a certain volume provides more accurate results than those previously reported from two-dimensional (2D) CT measurements. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2667-2672, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lucas
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, Hannover, 30559, Germany
| | - Bernd-Arno Behrens
- Institute of Forming Technology and Machines, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, Hannover, 30559, Germany
| | - Vladimir Galindo-Zamora
- Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stefanie Betancur
- Institute of Forming Technology and Machines, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amer Almohallami
- Institute of Forming Technology and Machines, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anas Bouguecha
- Institute of Forming Technology and Machines, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ayman Mostafa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Matthias Lerch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Wefstaedt
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, Hannover, 30559, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bone density of elbow joints in Labrador retrievers and Golden retrievers: Comparison of healthy joints and joints with medial coronoid disease. Vet J 2016; 216:1-7. [PMID: 27687919 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were: (1) to determine the inter-observer repeatability of particular regions of the canine elbow joints; (2) to assess the effect of age, bodyweight and breed on bone density in healthy young dogs; (3) to compare Hounsfield units (HU) and bone density (BD) measurements between normal elbow joints and diseased elbow joints; and (4) to determine the sensitivity and specificity for HU and BD measurements in specific regions in the canine elbow joint. Regions with the highest repeatability were located at the medial coronoid process (MCP) base and apex, and at the level of the humerus, on the sagittal and sagittal oblique planes of the elbow joint. Age and breed were significantly associated with several regions of interest; conversely, none of the measurements were associated with bodyweight. Increased HU and BD values in the MCP base and apex regions are likely to be related to medial coronoid disease. Labrador retrievers had higher HU and BD values than Golden retrievers and an increase in BD was found in older animals. Cut-offs determined with receiver operating characteristic plots of the MCP base and apex suggested fairly good sensitivity and specificity (base: area under the curve 0.85, sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 88.8%; apex: area under the curve 0.89, sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 92.5%).
Collapse
|
10
|
Ballegeer EA. Computed Tomography of the Musculoskeletal System. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2016; 46:373-420, v. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Shimizu N, Warren-Smith CM, Langley-Hobbs SJ, Burton NJ, Kulendra E, Bradley K, Bowen E, Holdsworth A, Parsons KJ. Inter- and intraobserver agreement in interpretation of CT features of medial coronoid process disease. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:707-13. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Shimizu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | - C. M. Warren-Smith
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | | | - N. J. Burton
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | - E. Kulendra
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; The Royal Veterinary College; North Mymms Hatfield
| | - K. Bradley
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | - E. Bowen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | - A. Holdsworth
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| | - K. J. Parsons
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Langford
| |
Collapse
|