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Asante DB, Henneh IT, Acheampong DO, Kyei F, Adokoh CK, Ofori EG, Domey NK, Adakudugu E, Tangella LP, Ameyaw EO. Anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activity of young and old leaves of Vernonia amygdalina. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1187-1203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Kasanga EA, Boakye-Gyasi E, Biney RP, Kyekyeku JO, Agyare C, Woode E. Geraniin attenuates naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal and morphine-induced tolerance in mice. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2017; 6:199-205. [PMID: 28507784 PMCID: PMC5429080 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20161229015413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim: Potentially life-threatening and unpleasant side effects associated with some analgesics have fueled the drive for the search for more analgesics with better side effect profiles. Geraniin, the most dominant secondary metabolite in the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus muellerianus, has been shown to possess antinociceptive properties mediated partly by opioidergic mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to determine whether geraniin exhibits tolerance and if it is able to ameliorate withdrawal signs in naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. Materials and Methods: After chronic treatment of mice with geraniin orally, the formalin test was used to ascertain whether tolerance will develop to its antinociceptive effects and if there is morphine-induced tolerance cross-generalization with geraniin. The effect of geraniin on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice was also investigated. Results: Geraniin (3-30 mg/kg) did not produce any tolerant effects after chronic administration and there was also no cross-generalization with the tolerant effects of morphine. Geraniin did not induce withdrawal signs but significantly reduced the number of jumps in morphine-dependent mice. Conclusion: Geraniin does not produce any tolerant effects like morphine and also reduced the signs associated with naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Anle Kasanga
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eric Boakye-Gyasi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Robert Peter Biney
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - James Oppong Kyekyeku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Agyare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eric Woode
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Osukoya OA, Adegbenro D, Onikanni SA, Ojo OA, Onasanya A. Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Activities of the Methanolic Extract of Telfairia occidentalis Seeds. Anc Sci Life 2016; 36:98-103. [PMID: 28446831 PMCID: PMC5382825 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_142_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: The seeds of Telfairia occidentalis have been known to possess different biological properties and are used in traditional medicine in Africa and Asia to treat many ailments. The plant is particularly noted traditionally for its healing properties and is usually consumed in the form of herbal decoctions/concoctions as a blood tonic, to treat sudden attacks of convulsions, pain, malaria and anaemia. Aims: In the present study, various phytochemical and pharmacological studies were done on the methanolic extract of the seeds of Telfairia occidentalis to evaluate its antioxidant and antinociceptive properties to substantiate its traditional use. Methods: Phytochemical screening of the extract was done according to standard procedures. Antioxidant potential was ascertained using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content assays. Analgesic activity was analyzed using formalin induced paw licking test in albino rats at 100, 200 and 400 mg extract per kg body weight. Statistical Analysis Used: All results extrapolated from the experiments were expressed as mean ± SEM. Data obtained was analyzed statistically using ANOVA (one-way) followed by Dennett's posthoc test. Results: Phytochemicals present in the extract were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, steroid and anthraquinones. The extract significantly inhibited DPPH scavenging activity with percentage inhibition of 147.3%. The methanolic seed extract of T. occidentalis significantly reduced (P < 0.05) formalin induced paw licking in both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of formalin induced paw licking test, with 35.59 and 78.51% inhibition at 400 mg/kg, in albino rats in a dose dependent manner. Conclusions: The seed extract in this study significantly reduced formalin induced hind paw licking, and could be used as an analgesic for treatment of pain and also showed marked antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Adegbenro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Onikanni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi A Ojo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Amos Onasanya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Rauf WN, Meyer HP, Marcus TS, Becker PJ. Prevalence of chronic pain in patients attending primary healthcare facilities in south-west Tshwane. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2013.10874308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- WN Rauf
- Department of Family Medicine, Kalafong Hospital; University of Pretoria
| | - HP Meyer
- Department of Family Medicine, Kalafong Hospital; University of Pretoria
| | - TS Marcus
- Department of Family Medicine, Kalafong Hospital; University of Pretoria
| | - PJ Becker
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria
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Wilson M. Integrating the Concept of Pain Interference into Pain Management. Pain Manag Nurs 2014; 15:499-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Woode E, Ameyaw EO, Boakye-Gyasi E, Abotsi WKM. Analgesic effects of an ethanol extract of the fruits of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) and the major constituent, xylopic acid in murine models. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2012; 4:291-301. [PMID: 23248562 PMCID: PMC3523524 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.103251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fruit extracts of Xylopia aethiopica are used traditionally in the management of pain disorders including rheumatism, headache, colic pain, and neuralgia. Little pharmacological data exists in scientific literature of the effect of the fruit extract and its major diterpene, xylopic acid, on pain. The present study evaluated the analgesic properties of the ethanol extract of X. aethiopica (XAE) and xylopic acid (XA), in murine models. Materials and Methods: XAE and XA were assessed in chemical (acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and formalin tests), thermal (Tail-flick and Hargreaves thermal hyperalgesia tests), and mechanical (Randall-Selitto paw pressure test) pain models. Results: XAE and XA exhibited significant analgesic activity in all the pain models used. XAE (30-300 mg kg-1, p.o.) and XA (10-100 mg kg-1, p.o.) inhibited acetic acid-induced visceral nociception, formalin- induced paw pain (both neurogenic and inflammatory), thermal pain as well as carrageenan-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in animals. Morphine (1-10 mg kg-1, i.p.) and diclofenac (1-10 mg kg-1, i.p.), used as controls, exhibited similar anti-nociceptive activities. XAE and XA did not induce tolerance to their respective anti-nociceptive effects in the formalin test after chronic administration. Morphine tolerance did not also cross-generalize to the analgesic effects of XAE or XA. Conclusions: These findings establish the analgesic properties of the ethanol fruit extract of X. aethiopica and its major diterpene, xylopic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Woode
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Boye A, Koffuor G, Amoateng P, Ameyaw E, Abaitey A. Analgesic Activity and Safety Assessment of Heliotropium indicum Linn. (Boraginaceae) in Rodents. INT J PHARMACOL 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2012.91.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Andreev YA, Kozlov SA, Kozlovskaya EP, Grishin EV. Analgesic effect of a polypeptide inhibitor of the TRPV1 receptor in noxious heat pain models. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2009; 424:46-8. [PMID: 19341107 DOI: 10.1134/s160767290901013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y A Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, 117997 Russia
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Nathan JI. Chronic Pain Treatment: A High Moral Imperative with Offsetting Personal Risks for the Physician-A Medical Student's Perspective. Pain Pract 2009; 9:155-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2008.00257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ammar HO, Ghorab M, El-Nahhas SA, Kamel R. Polymeric matrix system for prolonged delivery of tramadol hydrochloride, part I: physicochemical evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:7-20. [PMID: 19132537 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-008-9167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of moderate or severe chronic pain conditions is the burden of clinicians dealing with patients trying to improve their quality of life and diminish their suffering. Although not a new opioid, tramadol has been recently rediscovered and widely used; this may be due to its favorable chronic safety and dependence profiles together with its high potency. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic with half-life of approximately 6 h; therefore, it requires frequent dosing. It is freely soluble in water; hence, judicious selection of retarding formulations is necessary. The current study is focused on the innovation of a novel, simple, monolayer, easy-to-use, cost-effective, and aesthetically acceptable bioadhesive transdermal delivery system overcoming the defects of the conventional "patch" as carrier system for tramadol, ensuring its adequate delivery, along with the physicochemical evaluation of the designed formulations. Monolithic tramadol matrix films of chitosan, different types of Eudragit, and binary mixtures of both were prepared. As a single-polymer film, chitosan film showed best properties except for somewhat high moisture uptake capacity, insufficient strength and rapid release, and permeation. Polymer blends were monitored in order to optimize both properties and performance. Promising results were obtained, with chitosan-Eudragit NE30D (1:1) film showing the most desirable combined, sufficiently rapid as well as prolonged release and permeation profiles along with satisfactory organoleptic and physicochemical properties.
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Hamza M, Dionne RA. 2020 Foresight: Envisioning Therapeutic Innovations for Pain. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES 2009; 6:113-119. [PMID: 21712969 PMCID: PMC3123531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddstr.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- May Hamza
- National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH Bethesda, MD
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Gibbs GF, Drummond PD, Finch PM, Phillips JK. Unravelling the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome: focus on sympathetically maintained pain. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2008; 35:717-24. [PMID: 18215185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
1. In diseases such as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), where neuropathic pain is the primary concern, traditional pain classifications and lesion descriptors are of limited value. To obtain better treatment outcomes for patients, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropathic pain need to be elucidated and analysed so that therapeutic targets can be identified and specific treatments developed. 2. In the present review, we examine the current literature on sympathetically maintained pain (SMP), a subset of neuropathic pain, within the context of CRPS. Evidence from both human and animal studies is presented and discussed in terms of its support for the existence of SMP and the mechanistic information it provides. 3. We discuss three current hypotheses that propose both a site and method for sympathetic-sensory coupling: (i) direct coupling between sympathetic and sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion; (ii) chemical coupling between sympathetic and nociceptive neuron terminals in skin; and (iii) the development of a-adrenoceptor-mediated supersensitivity in nociceptive fibres in skin in association with the release of inflammatory mediators. 4. Finally, we propose a new hypothesis that integrates the mechanisms of chemical coupling and a-adrenoceptor-mediated supersensitivity. This hypothesis is based on previously unpublished data from our laboratory showing that a histological substrate suitable for sympathetic-sensory coupling exists in normal subjects. In the diseased state, the nociceptive fibres implicated in this substrate may be activated by both endogenous and exogenous noradrenaline. The mediating a-adrenoceptors may be expressed on the nociceptive fibres or on closely associated support cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael F Gibbs
- Division of Health Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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Weksler N, Klein M, Gurevitch B, Rozentsveig V, Rudich Z, Brill S, Lottan M. Phenol neurolysis for severe chronic nonmalignant pain: is the old also obsolete? PAIN MEDICINE 2007; 8:332-7. [PMID: 17610455 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to reassess the effectiveness of phenol 4% in aqueous solution for neurolysis in patients with severe chronic nonmalignant pain syndromes who did not achieve adequate pain control (visual analog scale [VAS] <or=3) with conventional pain treatment. DESIGN Forty-two patients with severe nonmalignant pain persisting for 6 months or longer were followed for more than 6 months after phenol neurolysis in this prospective observational study. All patients had previously received narcotic drugs, with or without nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents or adjuvants, without adequate pain relief. An aqueous solution of phenol 4% was used for chemical neurolysis. A fluoroscopically guided technique was used for chemical lumbar sympathectomy, medial branch destruction, and sacroiliac injections. Anatomic-landmarks technique was used for intercostal neurolysis, greater occipital nerve destruction, genitofemoral neuroablation, and paracoccygeal infiltration. RESULTS Good pain relief (VAS <or=3) was achieved in 35 patients after neurolysis with phenol, and the mean VAS decreased from 8.74 +/- 1.08 (range 7-10) before treatment to 1.93 +/- 2.41 after treatment (P<0.0001). The mean VAS for assessment of the quality of pain relief after phenol neurolysis was 8.4 +/- 2.39, ranging from 0 (no relief at all) to 10 (complete relief ). No major complications were seen. CONCLUSION The use of phenol 4% in aqueous solution is an effective and safe technique for neurolysis. Because of the potential risk of flaccid paralysis, this technique should be used in selected cases, far removed from motor nerves and the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natan Weksler
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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