1
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Heroes AS, Okitale P, Ndalingosu N, Vandekerckhove P, Lunguya O, Jacobs J. Presence of Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus on the skin of blood donors in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Transfusion 2023; 63:360-372. [PMID: 36478388 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin bacteria may contaminate blood products but few data are available on sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). We assessed the presence of Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus on blood donor skin and evaluated skin antisepsis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Among blood donors at the National Blood Transfusion Center (NBTC) and at a rural hospital, the antecubital fossa skin of the non-disinfected arm (not used for blood collection) was swabbed (25cm2 surface) and cultured for total and Gram-negative bacterial counts. Bacteria were identified with MALDI-TOF and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion. For evaluation of the NBTC antisepsis procedure (i.e., ethanol 70%), the culture results of the disinfected arm (used for blood collection) were compared with those of the non-disinfected arm. RESULTS Median total bacterial counts on 161 studied non-disinfected arms were 1065 Colony-Forming Units (CFU) per 25 cm2 , with 43.8% (70/160) of blood donors growing Gram-negative bacteria and 3.8% (6/159) Staphylococcus aureus (2/6 methicillin-resistant). Non-fermentative Gram-negative rods predominated (74/93 isolates, majority Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp.). Enterobacterales comprised 19/93 isolates (mostly Pantoea spp. and Enterobacter spp.), 5/19 were multidrug-resistant. In only two cases (1.9%, 2/108) the NBTC antisepsis procedure met the acceptance criterion of ≤2 CFU/25 cm2 . CONCLUSION Skin bacterial counts and species among blood donors in DRC were similar to previously studied Caucasian populations, including cold-tolerating species and bacteria previously described in transfusion reactions. Prevention of contamination (e.g., antisepsis) needs further evaluation and customization to sSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Heroes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patient Okitale
- Department of Microbiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Department of Clinical Biology, Cliniques Universitaires, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Natacha Ndalingosu
- Hemovigilance Department, Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Philippe Vandekerckhove
- Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Octavie Lunguya
- Department of Microbiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Department of Clinical Biology, Cliniques Universitaires, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jan Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Harper H, Logan J, Kubat R, Jones M. Leclercia adecarboxylata catheter-related bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e247496. [PMID: 35332006 PMCID: PMC8948387 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-247496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A 34-year-old man on active chemotherapy was hospitalised with fever, chills and rigours after power-washing a pig pen on a farm. His blood cultures grew Leclercia adecarboxylata, a gram-negative rod in the Enterobacteriaceae family, which has been isolated from a variety of environments including soil, surface water, as well as in the gastrointestinal flora of farm animals. The likely source of infection was his tunnelled central venous catheter exposed to water contaminated by faeces when he was washing the pig pen. While there have been several cases reported of catheter-related L. adecarboxylata bacteraemia, to our knowledge there are very few reports of infection spread in this manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleigh Harper
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - John Logan
- Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Ryan Kubat
- Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, The University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Matthew Jones
- Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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3
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Malik K, Davie R, Withers A, Faisal M, Lawal F. A case of Leclercia adecarboxylata endocarditis in a 62-year-old man. IDCases 2021; 24:e01091. [PMID: 33889491 PMCID: PMC8047457 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata is a motile, gram negative bacillus in the Enterobacteriaceae family that is a rarely isolated cause of disease, despite being ubiquitous in nature. A 2019 review article identified only 74 reported cases, most often in immunocompromised patients [1]. The organism is generally susceptible to most antibiotics although multiantibiotic resistant strains have been reported. We report a case of a 62-year-old Caucasian man with multiple co-morbidities treated for L. adecarboxylata endocarditis with intravenous ceftriaxone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryann Davie
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Mohammad Faisal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Folake Lawal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
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4
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Kozakai M, Matsumoto C, Matsumoto M, Takakura A, Matsubayashi K, Satake M. Different growth kinetics in blood components and genetic analysis of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from platelet concentrates. Transfusion 2020; 60:1492-1499. [PMID: 32436250 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2014, we experienced the first isolation of Lactococcus garvieae from a platelet concentrate (PC). Thereafter, L. garvieae contamination of PCs occurred in two more cases in Japan. It is rare that bacterial contamination with uncommon strains like this species occurs frequently within a short period. Therefore, we performed a detailed analysis of the characteristics of these strains. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Three bacterial strains were identified by biochemical testing and molecular analysis. Genomic diversity was characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). To observe growth kinetics in blood components, PCs were inoculated with the three different strains. RESULTS All three strains were identified as L. garvieae by molecular analysis. Each strain belonged to a different phylogenetic group according to MLST analysis. In the spiking trial, the three strains demonstrated differences in their final concentrations and changes in appearance of PCs. CONCLUSION In this study, all three L. garvieae strains were correctly identified by molecular analysis. Since the three strains were collected in different regions of Japan and belonged to different phylogenetic groups according to MLST analysis, it is suggested that L. garvieae have a wide distribution with diversity in Japan. In PCs, the three L. garvieae strains showed clear differences in growth kinetics and changes in appearance of PCs. These differences may have been the primary determinant of whether PC contamination was detected before transfusion. Moreover, L. garvieae represents an emerging foodborne bacterium that can cause transfusion-transmitted bacteremia. Understanding our cases may help prevent bacterial contamination of blood products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Kozakai
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chieko Matsumoto
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Matsumoto
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Takakura
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Matsubayashi
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Adapa S, Konala VM, Nawaz F, Javed T, Dhingra H, Gutierrez IA, Ramirez ML. Peritonitis from Leclercia adecarboxylata: An emerging pathogen. Clin Case Rep 2019; 7:829-831. [PMID: 30997095 PMCID: PMC6452466 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata can be misidentified as Escherichia coli, due to similar biochemical properties. Automated identification systems and mass spectrometry play a very critical role in isolating atypical organisms like L adecarboxylata. General guidelines recommend treating L adecarboxylata peritonitis for 3 weeks without removal of peritoneal dialysis catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreedhar Adapa
- Division of NephrologyThe Nephrology GroupFresnoCalifornia
| | - Venu Madhav Konala
- Divison of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineAshland Bellefonte Cancer CenterAshlandKentucky
| | - Faiza Nawaz
- Department of Family MedicineKaweah Delta Medical CenterVisaliaCalifornia
| | - Tariq Javed
- Division of NephrologyKaweah Delta Medical CenterVisaliaCalifornia
| | - Hemant Dhingra
- Division of NephrologyThe Nephrology GroupFresnoCalifornia
| | - Irene A. Gutierrez
- Department of Family MedicineKaweah Delta Medical CenterVisaliaCalifornia
| | - Magda L. Ramirez
- Department of Family MedicineKaweah Delta Medical CenterVisaliaCalifornia
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6
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Choudhary M, Choudhary BK, Bhoyar S, Kale SB, Chaudhari SP, Bera BC, Jain A, Barbuddhe SB. Isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant Leclercia species from animal clinical case. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 66:44-48. [PMID: 29063630 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a Gram-negative bacillus of family Enterobacteriaceae, is an uncommonly identified pathogen isolated from environmental and clinical specimens. Most of the human infections are polymicrobial and commonly occur in immunocompromised hosts, although nosocomial infections in immunocompetent hosts have been documented. Here, we describe the case of isolation of Leclercia species as polymicrobial infection from bovine suffering from respiratory distress in Chhattisgarh state of India. The isolates were identified by their phenotypes, 16S rDNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF-MS. The isolate was found to be resistant to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolone antibiotics and intermediate resistant to cephalosporins and evidenced for uncertain clinical relevance and could act as hidden source of public health hazard. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rarely reported human pathogen. We report here the case from bovine suffering from respiratory distress; the sample yielded Leclercia species as polymicrobial culture. The isolate was found to be multidrug resistant and evidenced for uncertain clinical relevance and could act as hidden source of public health hazard. The limited literature available on this organism is reviewed, and the potential implications of findings are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant Leclercia species from animal clinical case from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Choudhary
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| | - B K Choudhary
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| | - S Bhoyar
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - S B Kale
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - S P Chaudhari
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - B C Bera
- ICAR- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | - A Jain
- Livestock Development Department, Mohala, Rajnandgaon, 491 666, India
| | - S B Barbuddhe
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
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7
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Leclercia adecarboxylata Musculoskeletal Infection in an Immune Competent Pediatric Patient: An Emerging Pathogen? Case Rep Orthop 2015; 2015:160473. [PMID: 26609458 PMCID: PMC4644830 DOI: 10.1155/2015/160473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Case. An immune competent pediatric patient presented with a persistent lower extremity infection with Leclercia adecarboxylata after a penetrating injury. This case report details the presentation, clinical course, and treatment. Conclusion. Leclercia adecarboxylata has increasing reports in immunosuppressed and adult patients with musculoskeletal infection. This case now indicates that Leclercia adecarboxylata is a potential pathogen in immune competent children in musculoskeletal tissue.
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8
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Leclercia adecarboxylata Bacteremia in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2014; 2014:457687. [PMID: 25405041 PMCID: PMC4227368 DOI: 10.1155/2014/457687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are a high risk population for bacteremia. Derangement in the mucosal architecture of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and frequent endoscopic interventions in immunocompromised individuals are considered primary causes. Isolation of opportunistic microorganisms from the bloodstream of IBD patients has been increasingly reported in recent years. Leclercia adecarboxylata is a ubiquitous, aerobic, motile, gram-negative bacillus. The human GI tract is known to harbor this rarely pathogenic microorganism. There are only a few case reports of bacteremia with this microorganism; the majority are either polymicrobial or associated with immunocompromised patients. We describe a case of monomicrobial L. adecarboxylata bacteremia in a 43-year-old female who presented with bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation with numerous ulcers, and histopathology revealed crypt abscesses. Following an episode of rectal bleeding, two sets of blood cultures grew L. adecarboxylata, which was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone. After a complicated hospital course, she was eventually diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and enteropathic arthritis, treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, mesalamine, and infliximab which resulted in resolution of her symptoms. In our previously immunocompetent patient, derangement of the gut mucosal barrier was the likely cause of bacteremia, yet performing endoscopic intervention may have contributed to bacterial translocation.
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9
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Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata infection is rarely reported in the context of human infections. In the scant cases reported in the literature, it usually involves individuals who are immunocompromised with infections of a polymicrobial nature. Recently, data have begun to accumulate suggesting that L. adecarboxylata is a pathogen associated with water environments. We review the literature regarding L. adecarboxylata infections and present a case of cellulitis and soft-tissue infection in the foot of a healthy surfer.
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10
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Lee KI, Chung SK, Hwang HB. A Case of Corneal Ulcer Caused by Leclercia Adecarboxylata. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2014.55.6.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kee Il Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kun Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Bin Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Nelson MU, Maksimova Y, Schulz V, Bizzarro MJ, Gallagher PG. Late-onset Leclercia adecarboxylata sepsis in a premature neonate. J Perinatol 2013; 33:740-2. [PMID: 23986093 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2013.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiology, etiology and outcome of neonatal sepsis are changing over time. While monitoring longitudinal trends in neonatal sepsis in our institution, we encountered a case of late-onset neonatal sepsis due to Leclercia adecarboxylata. A Gram-negative rod previously not encountered in the clinical setting, L. adecarboxylata has recently emerged as a human pathogen, primarily in immunosuppressed patients. This report describes the clinical and laboratory features of this case of late-onset L. adecarboxylata sepsis, and reviews significant features of infection associated with this emerging pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Nelson
- Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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12
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De Mauri A, Chiarinotti D, Andreoni S, Molinari GL, Conti N, De Leo M. Leclercia adecarboxylata and catheter-related bacteraemia: review of the literature and outcome with regard to catheters and patients. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:1620-1623. [PMID: 23882033 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.059535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is a common complication in patients carrying a central venous catheter (CVC) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Leclercia adecarboxylata is an unusual but emerging pathogen in healthy and immunocompromised patients. We report a case of L. adecarboxylata bacteraemia in a patient with a haemodialysis tunnelled CVC. In accordance with the susceptibility to the tested antimicrobials, a long-course treatment with intravenous gentamicin plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and gentamicin-lock therapy was adopted. The patient had a full recovery and the catheter was not removed. We also performed a systematic PubMed/Medline and Scopus review of peer-reviewed English papers on L. adecarboxylata infections, focusing on bacteraemia in patients with different types of CVCs. Moreover, we suggest a treatment algorithm to preserve the patient and maintain the CVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreana De Mauri
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Doriana Chiarinotti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Andreoni
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Lorenzo Molinari
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Novella Conti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Martino De Leo
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
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13
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Lucía Correa A, María Mazo L, Patricia Valderrama M, Restrepo A, Jaimes F. Descripción de un brote de bacteriemia por Leclercia adecarboxylata probablemente asociado al uso de viales contaminados de heparina. INFECTIO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0123-9392(12)70065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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14
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Gatermann SG. Pathogenicity of Bacteria Contaminating Blood Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 38:236-238. [PMID: 22016692 DOI: 10.1159/000330425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY: Bacterial contaminations of blood products often originate from the flora of the donor. Normally, components of the skin flora less frequently give rise to severe or complicated infections, although their participation in such conditions has been described. In contrast, bacteria that can cause infections in immunocompetent persons may give rise to life-threatening infections when present in blood products. The latter microorganisms are well-equipped with a variety of virulence factors that contribute to their pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören G Gatermann
- Abteilung für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
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15
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Hsueh JC, Ho CF, Chang SH, Pan FZ, Chen SC, Shi MD, Chien ST. Blood surveillance and detection on platelet bacterial contamination associated with septic events. Transfus Med 2009; 19:350-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00949.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Isolation of Leclercia adecarboxylata from blood and burn wound after a hydrofluoric acid chemical injury. Burns 2009; 35:443-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Lee W, Yi DY, Jung B, Huh JY, Kang MS, Hong SG, Hong SK. Two Cases of Independent Infection by Leclercia adecarboxylata. Infect Chemother 2009. [DOI: 10.3947/ic.2009.41.2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wookeun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Dae Young Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Bochan Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ji Young Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Myung Seo Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seong Geun Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung Kwan Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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18
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Orchiépididymite et bactériémie à Leclercia adecarboxylata. Med Mal Infect 2008; 38:674-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Direct detection technologies for pathogenic microorganisms are emerging to be applied in the diagnosis of serious bloodstream infections and infections at sterile body sites, as well as for quality control measures prior to the release of sterile blood products and to ascertain microbial safety of food. Standard blood cultures as the current gold standard for detection of bacteraemia/sepsis and other culture-based microbiological identification procedures are comparatively slow and have limited sensitivity for fastidious or slow-growing microorganisms. Rapid nucleic acid-based technologies with PCR amplification or hybridisation probes for specific pathogens, broad-range bacterial or fungal assays, flow cytometry, as well as protein-based characterisation by mass spectrometry, aim at identification of pathogenic microorganisms within minutes to hours. Interpretation of direct detection of panbacterial or panfungal nucleic acids instead of living microorganisms in blood is complex, given the risk of contamination, the ubiquitous presence of bacterial and fungal DNA, and the lack of a gold standard. Since many of the infections at sterile sites, particularly sepsis, are medical emergencies requiring immediate therapeutic responses, rapid technologies could contribute to reduction of morbidity, mortality, and of the economic burden. This review summarises the currently available data on rapid non-culture-based technologies and outlines the potential clinical usefulness in infectious disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Klouche
- Bremer Zentrum für Laboratoriumsmedizin GmbH and LADR GmbH Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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20
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Hess B, Burchett A, Huntington MK. Leclercia adecarboxylata in an immunocompetent patient. J Med Microbiol 2008; 57:896-898. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hess
- Center for Family Medicine, 1115 East Twentieth Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Andrew Burchett
- McGreevy Clinic, 1200 South Seventh Avenue, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Mark K. Huntington
- Center for Family Medicine, 1115 East Twentieth Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
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