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Hussein E, DeFor T, Wagner JE, Sumstad D, Brunstein CG, McKenna DH. Evaluation of post-thaw CFU-GM: clinical utility and role in quality assessment of umbilical cord blood in patients receiving single unit transplant. Transfusion 2019; 60:144-154. [PMID: 31756003 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CFU assay is considered the only in vitro assay that assesses the biologic function of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To investigate the impact of post-thaw CFU-GM counts on the quality of umbilical cord blood (UCB), we studied transplant outcomes in 269 patients receiving single UCB transplant. We also correlated the post-thaw CFU-GM counts of 1912 units with the pre-freeze and post-thaw graft characteristics, hoping to optimize selection criteria of UCB. Data analysis included: total nucleated cells, viability, CD34+, nucleated red blood cells (NRBC), hematocrit, frozen storage time, and cord blood bank (CBB). RESULTS We demonstrated an association between post-thaw CFU-GM dose and the speed of neutrophil and platelet engraftment (p < 0.01). Higher post-thaw CFU-GM dose showed an increased benefit for neutrophil and platelet engraftment (p < 0.01). Post-thaw CD34+ cell dose and CFU-GM dose were strongly correlated (r = 0.78). However, CFU-GM dose showed additional benefit for patients receiving the lowest quartile of CD34+ dose. HLA disparity did not adversely impact either neutrophil or platelet engraftment. Post-thaw CFU-GM/million nucleated cells plated showed moderate correlation with pre-freeze and post-thaw CD34+ and weak correlation with other parameters. Post-thaw CFU-GM was not influenced by storage time, but was impacted by the CBB from which the unit is obtained (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Post-thaw CFU-GM is an effective measure of the quality and efficacy of the UCB graft, particularly adding valuable clinical information when the CD34+ cell dose is low. Consideration of pre-freeze CD34+ cell content and CBB as additional selection criteria is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Hussein
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd DeFor
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - John E Wagner
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Pediatrics, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Darin Sumstad
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Claudio G Brunstein
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David H McKenna
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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2
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Takanashi M, Selogie E, Reems JA, Stroncek D, Fontaine MJ, Girdlestone J, Garritsen HSP, Young P, McKenna DH, Szczepiorkowski ZM. Current practices for viability testing of cryopreserved cord blood products: an international survey by the cellular therapy team of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative. Transfusion 2019; 58:2184-2191. [PMID: 30204955 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viability testing is a common practice in laboratories. The goal of this study was to ascertain current laboratory practices internationally for performing viability testing for cryopreserved cord blood (CB) products and glean information about how to standardize the method to improve interlaboratory reproducibility. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A survey to evaluate current laboratory practices for viability testing was designed and distributed internationally. The question topics included sampling and testing methods, responses to unexpected results, and the rating of the reliability of the CB quality tests, together with expectations for standardization. RESULTS There were 32 respondents to the survey, of whom 28 responded to the more detailed questionnaire about viability methods. Overall, responses indicated that various stains were used among the laboratories, and when multiple sites used the same viability stain the methods differed. The majority of the respondents were in favor of standardizing the viability testing methods. A wide variety of preferences were communicated about how to standardize the method, but a majority did advocate the use of 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) with flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS The survey results revealed a variety of tests and inconsistent interlaboratory practices for performing the viability assay. Flow cytometry with a 7-AAD dye was suggested as a first step toward standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoko Takanashi
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan.,Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Eileen Selogie
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jo-Anna Reems
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David Stroncek
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Magali J Fontaine
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Transfusion Services, Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Girdlestone
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Stem Cells and Immunotherapies, NHS Blood and Transplant, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Henk S P Garritsen
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Municipal Hospital Braunschweig gGmbH.,Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Film IST, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pampee Young
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David H McKenna
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota
| | - Zbigniew M Szczepiorkowski
- Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Watts MJ, Linch DC. Optimisation and quality control of cell processing for autologous stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2016; 175:771-783. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Watts
- University College London Hospitals; London UK
- University College London; London UK
| | - David C. Linch
- University College London Hospitals; London UK
- University College London; London UK
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4
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Müller I, Hartmann D, Oertel J, Keck CM, Eichler H. Static image analysis as new approach for the characterization of tumor cell lysate used in dendritic cell vaccine preparation. Transfus Med Hemother 2015; 42:122-8. [PMID: 26019708 DOI: 10.1159/000371480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safety is an important consideration for the clinical application of dendritic cells (DC) loaded with autologous tumor lysate (TL). Thus, avitalization of TL from living autologous tumor tissue has to be guaranteed. METHODS Composition of TL was investigated by static image analysis (SIA) with the Morphologi G3 device, which simultaneously measures size and shape of up to 100,000 particles within one sample run. This approach was compared with sample characterization by high-resolution automated cell counting, trypan blue staining, and ATP quantification. RESULTS Using SIA, we only detected fragmented, non-cellular structures in completely avitalized TL, indicating complete destruction of living cells. Analysis of particle size distribution by SIA as well as CASY cell counter showed that 95% of particles had a diameter of <10 µm as a sign of cell fragmentation. Complete avitalization of TL was confirmed with trypan blue staining and ATP analysis. CONCLUSION Regarding generation of DC vaccines, the proof of avitality of TL from living tumor tissue can clearly be achieved by SIA alone or in combination with standard assays. Our data show that SIA is a highly precise method for TL characterization. The SIA device complies with FDA regulation and, therefore, might be suitable for characterization of cellular therapy medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Müller
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Applied Pharmacy, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Pirmasens, Germany
| | - Hermann Eichler
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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5
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Long-term effects of cryopreservation on clinically prepared hematopoietic progenitor cell products. Cytotherapy 2015; 16:965-75. [PMID: 24910385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The question of how long hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) destined for clinical applications withstand long-term cryopreservation remains unanswered. To increase our basic understanding about the stability of HPC products over time, this study focused on characterizing long-term effects of cryopreservation on clinically prepared HPC products. METHODS Cryovials (n = 233) frozen for an average of 6.3 ± 14.2 years (range, 0.003-14.6 years) from HPC products (n = 170) representing 75 individual patients were thawed and evaluated for total nucleated cells (TNCs), cell viability, viable CD34+ (vCD34+) cells and colony-forming cells (CFCs). TNCs were determined by use of an automated cell counter, and cell viability was measured with the use of trypan blue exclusion. Viable CD34 analysis was performed by means of flow cytometry and function by a CFC assay. RESULTS Significant losses in TNCs, cell viability, vCD34+ cells and CFC occurred on cryopreservation. However, once frozen, viable TNCs, vCD34+ cells and CFC recoveries did not significantly change over time. The only parameter demonstrating a change over time was cell viability, which decreased as the length of time that an HPC product was stored frozen increased. A significant negative correlation (correlation coefficient = -0.165) was determined between pre-freeze percent granulocyte content and post-thaw percent viability (n = 170; P = 0.032). However, a significant positive correlation was observed between percent viability at thaw and pre-freeze lymphocyte concentration. CONCLUSIONS Once frozen, HPC products were stable for up to 14.6 years at <-150°C. Post-thaw viability was found to correlate negatively with pre-freeze granulocyte content and positively with pre-freeze lymphocyte content.
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6
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Dulugiac M, Horeanga I, Torcatoru A, Bardas A, Matei G, Zarnescu O. Factors which can influence the quality related to cell viability of the umbilical cord blood units. Transfus Apher Sci 2014; 51:90-8. [PMID: 25219638 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell viability is an important indicator for the quality of umbilical cord blood (UCB) units that can influence the transplant final outcome. Thus, it is particularly important to identify the factors that may affect the cell quality during the banking process. The present study is a first attempt to correlate the impact of exogenous factors (time from collection to processing, collected UCB volume) and endogenous factors (TNCC--total nucleated cell count, CD34(+)cell count) on cell viability assessed before UCB units cryopreservation within a banking standardized process. Three thousand UCB units collected in 35 ml CPDA containing bags were processed by HES sedimentation within 48 h. TNCC, CD34(+) cell counts and total cell viability were determined after processing. Cell viability of 94.37 ± 4.67%, TNCC of 73.17 ± 36.73 × 10(7) and CD34(+)cell count of 2.61 ± 2.29 × 10(6) was obtained after processing of units with UCB collected volume of 80.23 ± 28.52 ml. A significant negative correlation was found between cell viability and the time from collection to processing (r = -0.7228; P < 0.0001). The cell viability decreasing rate of 20.54%, 15.18% and 3-10% were achieved for units with collected UCB volume <40 ml, (40-80 ml) and >80 ml, to 48 h versus 12 h. There were no differences considering cell viability for the UCB units with similar collected UCB volume that had various CD34(+)cell count or TNCC (P > 0.05). The extension of the time from collection to processing of UCB units can reduce the quality by decreasing cell viability. The cell viability decreasing rate owing to the time influence is determined by the collected UCB volume being inversely proportional to it. Endogenous factors do not affect the cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dulugiac
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, R-050095, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Horeanga
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Torcatoru
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Bardas
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Matei
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Otilia Zarnescu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, R-050095, Bucharest, Romania.
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7
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Pope B, Hokin B, Grant R. Effect of umbilical cord blood prefreeze variables on postthaw viability. Transfusion 2014; 55:629-35. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Pope
- Pathology Department; Sydney Adventist Hospital; Wahroonga NSW Australia
- Australasian Research Institute; Sydney Adventist Hospital; Wahroonga NSW Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Bevan Hokin
- Pathology Department; Sydney Adventist Hospital; Wahroonga NSW Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ross Grant
- Australasian Research Institute; Sydney Adventist Hospital; Wahroonga NSW Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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8
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Pereira-Cunha FG, Duarte ASS, Reis-Alves SC, Olalla Saad ST, Metze K, Lorand-Metze I, Luzo ÂCM. Umbilical cord blood CD34(+) stem cells and other mononuclear cell subtypes processed up to 96 h from collection and stored at room temperature maintain a satisfactory functionality for cell therapy. Vox Sang 2014; 108:72-81. [PMID: 25333825 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good stem cell source for cell therapy. We recently demonstrated that cord blood mononuclear cell (MNCs) subtypes were viable and functional until 96 h after collection, even stored at room temperature. Now, we analyzed the viability and functionality of the cells before and after cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty UCB units were analyzed at 24 and 96 h after collection, frozen for 6 months, thawed and re-evaluated. MNCs were analyzed by flow cytometry, viability by 7-AAD and clonogenic assays (CFU) were performed. RESULTS After 96 h of storage, no substantial loss of MNC was found (median 7.320 × 10(6 ) × 6.05 × 10(6) ). Percentage and viability CD34(+) cells, B-cell precursors and mesenchymal stem cells were not affected. However, mature B and T lymphocytes as well as granulocytes had a substantial loss. CFU growth was observed in all samples. Prefreezing storage of 96 h was associated with a relative loss of colony formation (median 12%). Postthaw, this loss had a median of 49% (24 h samples) to 56% (96 h samples). CONCLUSION The delay of 96 h before UCB processing is possible, without a prohibitive impairment of CD34(+) loss in number and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Pereira-Cunha
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Haematology Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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9
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Pamphilon D, Selogie E, McKenna D, Cancelas-Peres JA, Szczepiorkowski ZM, Sacher R, McMannis J, Eichler H, Garritsen H, Takanashi M, van de Watering L, Stroncek D, Reems JA. Current practices and prospects for standardization of the hematopoietic colony-forming unit assay: a report by the cellular therapy team of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:255-62. [PMID: 23579058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Wide acceptance of the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay as a reliable potency test for stem cell products is hindered by poor inter-laboratory reproducibility. The goal of this study was to ascertain current laboratory practices for performing the CFU assay with an eye towards identifying practices that could be standardized to improve overall reproducibility. METHODS A survey to evaluate current laboratory practices for performing CFU assays was designed and internationally distributed. RESULTS There were 105 respondents to the survey, of whom 68% performed CFU assays. Most survey recipients specified that an automated rather than a manual cell count was performed on pre-diluted aliquots of stem cell products. Viability testing methods employed various stains, and when multiple sites used the same viability stain, the methods differed. Cell phenotype used to prepare working cell suspensions for inoculating the CFU assay differed among sites. Most respondents scored CFU assays at 14-16 days of incubation, but culture plates were read with various microscopes. Of 57 respondents, 42% had not performed a validation study or established assay linearity. Only 63% of laboratories had criteria for determining if a plate was overgrown with colonies. CONCLUSIONS Survey results revealed inconsistent inter-laboratory practices for performing the CFU assay. The relatively low number of centers with validated CFU assays raises concerns about assay accuracy and emphasizes a need to establish central standards. The survey results shed light on numerous steps of the methodology that could be targeted for standardization across laboratories.
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10
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Antoniewicz-Papis J, Lachert E, Woźniak J, Janik K, Łętowska M. Methods of freezing cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. Transfusion 2013; 54:194-202. [PMID: 23621822 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cord blood (CB) is a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Extended storage of CB is possible provided that validated cryopreservation procedures are used. The study objective was to determine optimal methods of CB cryopreservation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In the study we 1) compared the effect of two-step cryopreservation and controlled-rate freezing method on the postthaw quality of CB (Study A) and 2) evaluated the postthaw quality of HSC fractions isolated from CB with various methods and frozen with controlled-rate freezing method (Study B). The same cryoprotectant mixture was used for 20 CB units (Study A) and 122 CB units (Study B). RESULTS In Study A, 13.79 × 10(8) and 13.29 × 10(8) initial white blood cell (WBC) counts decreased to 6.38 × 10(8) and 6.02 × 10(8) after thaw for the two methods, respectively. The mononuclear cell (MNC) counts decreased from 5.90 × 10(8) to 3.71 × 10(8) and from 5.64 × 10(8) to 3.47 × 10(8) dependent on the method. MNC viability decreased from 99.0% to 97.4% for the former and from 98.5% to 97.2% for the latter method. The differences were insignificant. In Study B, postthaw WBC recovery in HSC fractions was 74.4% to 103.5%, MNC recovery 106.4% to 118.5%, CD34+ cell recovery 102.5% to 150.2%, and MNC viability 94.1% to 97.4%. CONCLUSION Neither the cryopreservation procedure nor the freezing of isolated HSCs affected product quality, which may indicate that various freezing methods can be used for cell banking provided the they follow recommendations of good manufacturing practice and Directive 2004/33/EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Antoniewicz-Papis
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Diagnostics for Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Pereira-Cunha FG, Duarte ASS, Costa FF, Saad STO, Lorand-Metze I, Luzo ACM. Viability of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell subsets until 96 hours after collection. Transfusion 2013; 53:2034-42. [PMID: 23320473 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation and cell therapy. In 2006, the Brazilian Public Network of Cord Blood Banks was founded; however, because our country is large, logistic problems could hamper the collection of numerous samples. Our aim was to evaluate the viability of several UCB cell subsets until 96 hours after collection, to examine whether this delay would be acceptable for processing and freezing the samples. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Two experiments were performed: in the first one, volume reduction of the UCB units was carried out before analysis. In the second one, analysis was carried out with no previous manipulation. Samples were stored at room temperature and one aliquot was taken daily for analysis. We examined CD34+ cell, B-cell precursor, mature B and T lymphocyte, monocyte, granulocyte, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) concentrations. RESULTS Thirty-six UCB units were analyzed. CD34+ cells and mature T lymphocytes increased (viability 99%). Mature B lymphocytes and MSCs decreased, maintaining viability. Granulocytes decreased with loss of viability. Monocytes and immature B lymphocytes remained stable. Clonogenic assays showed a decrease in colony-forming unit (CFU) number in UCB units stored for 96 hours. CONCLUSION UCB manipulation did not influence cell viability. All cell subsets remained viable until 96 hours after collection. CD34+ cells and T lymphocytes increased, probably due to the loss of other subsets. CFU growth during the period analyzed and confirmed stem cell functionality, despite the decrease at 96 hours. Results demonstrated that UCB units could probably be processed up to 96 hours after collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G Pereira-Cunha
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory and Public Umbilical Cord Blood Bank of Haematology Hemotherapy Center, INCT do Sangue, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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12
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Duchez P, Chevaleyre J, Brunet de la Grange P, Vlaski M, Boiron JM, Wouters G, Ivanovic Z. Cryopreservation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells amplified ex vivo from cord blood CD34+ cells. Transfusion 2012; 53:2012-9. [PMID: 23227804 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our ex vivo expansion procedure starting from cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells enabled expansion of committed progenitors (CPs) without a negative impact on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) exhibiting both short- and long-term repopulating capacity. Upgraded to clinical scale (Macopharma HP01 in the presence of stem cell factor, FLT3-L [100 ng/mL each], granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor [10 ng/mL], and thrombopoietin [20 ng/mL]), it is being used for an ongoing clinical trial (adult allogeneic context) yielding promising preliminary results. Transplantation of ex vivo expanded CB cells is becoming a reality, while the issue of expanded cells' cryopreservation emerges as an option that allows the conservation of the product for transportation and future use. Here, we investigated whether it is possible to maintain the functional HSC and CP properties after freezing and thawing of expanded cells. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We compared cryopreservation efficiency of the ex vivo expanded CB cells using the standard protocol (freezing solution human serum albumin (HSA)-dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) with the newly designed protocol based on an enriched freezing solution (HP01-DMSO) with respect to the viability index, number of CD34+ and total cells, and recovery of CPs (colony-forming units) and HSCs (NOG/Scid/gamma-null mice engraftment). RESULTS Cryopreservation and thawing of expanded CB cells using the "standard" procedure (HSA-DMSO) reduced recovery of the CPs (40%) and HSCs (drastically decreasing engraftment capacity). HP01-based protocol resulted in improvement of preservation of both CPs (>60%) and HSCs (nonaltered engraftment capacities). CONCLUSION Functional maintenance of the expanded graft by cryopreservation is feasible in conditions compatible with human cell therapy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Duchez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Duggleby RC, Querol S, Davy RC, Fry LJ, Gibson DA, Horton RB, Mahmood SN, Gomez SG, Madrigal JA. Flow cytometry assessment of apoptotic CD34+ cells by annexin V labeling may improve prediction of cord blood potency for engraftment. Transfusion 2011; 52:549-59. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
When selecting a cord blood unit for transplantation a transplant program must, in addition to considering HLA match and cell dose, know that the unit is potent, pure and will not transfer an infectious, hematologic or immunologic disease. While these same issues also apply to adult unrelated donors the fact that cord blood has been processed and stored, often years earlier, at a cell processing facility other than the one affiliated with the transplant program has resulted in a transfer of responsibilities from the transplant program to the cord bank. The transplant programs rely on the cord blood banks for all aspects of collection, screening, testing, processing and storage. Additionally the intermediary registries that are responsible for coordinating communications between the banks and transplant programs are important partners in a comprehensive approach to cord blood quality management. Since cord blood units frequently cross international borders it is critical that international regulatory standards be established and implemented to cover all steps in the production and sharing of cord blood for transplantation. Activities of NetCord/FACT, AABB, CIBMTR, World Marrow Donor Association and others are coming together under the Alliance for Harmonization of Cellular Therapy Accreditation to harmonize practice worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna A Wall
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba and CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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15
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Yang H, Loutfy MR, Mayerhofer S, Shuen P. Factors affecting banking quality of umbilical cord blood for transplantation. Transfusion 2010; 51:284-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Panterne B, Richard MJ, Sabatini C, Pouthier F, Mouillot L, Bardey D, Boulanger F, Créa S, Dal Cortivo L, Decot V, Fleury-Cappellesso S, Giraud C, Lapierre V, Léauté AG, Le Berre C, Lemarié C, Piard N, Rapatel C, Rosenzwajg M. [Quality control of defrosted cord blood units: results from an inter-laboratory study]. Transfus Clin Biol 2010; 17:41-6. [PMID: 20674441 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Today, haematopoietic stem cell graft from placental blood concerns more than 15 % of allogeneic grafts. An inter-laboratory study of the quality control of defrosted cord blood units has been coordinated by the French society for cell and tissue bioengineering (SFBCT), with the cord blood bank of Bourgogne Franche-Comté and controlled by the French health products safety agency (Afssaps). The aim of this study is to ensure the inter-laboratory reproducibility of the quality controls practised by the banks during defrosting. The cellular outputs were analyzed according to the defrosting techniques, according to the method used in flow cytometry: single-platform (SP) versus double-platform (DP), or the product nature, i.e. in total blood or miniaturized. METHODS Forty-two units of placental blood (USP), which were out of range were provided for defrosting to 14 participating sites. USP were defrosted and controlled according to the procedures of each bank. Once the USP is defrosted, a part of the product was controlled by the site and the other part by Afssaps. Following controls were carried out: numeration of the total nucleated cells (TNC) and of CD34+ cells (made by a SP method in Afssaps) and functional assay. RESULTS Concerning TNC, the defrosting sites obtained a cellular output of 94 %+/-28 in day 0 compared with an output of 72 %+/-24 in Afssaps showing a rather good stability of the USP transmitted with an average deviation of 23 %+/-22. The freezing process with or without reduction of volume does not affect this variation. Concerning the numeration of CD34+ cells, the average deviation between the participating sites and Afssaps was 29 %+/-23 compared with 21 %+/-16 for the sites using a SP method against 47 %+/-25 for those using a DP method. The CD34+ outputs are equal to 82 % +/- 60 in day 0 for the participating sites against 52 %+/-20 for Afssaps. For the sites using a DP method, it is stressed that this output is particularly high with a rate of 126 %+/-90 (n=15) whereas it is 62 %+/-20 (n=32) for the sites using a SP method. CONCLUSION These results underline a good stability of viable CD34+ cells and a greater reliability of the SP methods for the CD34+ cell numeration for these defrosted USP. Lastly, the results of the functional assay regarding the average clonogenicities (equal to 15 %) reinforce the conclusions on the quality of the defrosted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Panterne
- Afssaps, DLC, unité produits sanguins et thérapie cellulaire, 143/147, boulevard Anatole-France, 93285 St-Denis cedex, France.
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Juutistenaho S, Eskola M, Sainio S, Aranko K, Kekomäki R. TRANSPLANTATION AND CELLULAR ENGINEERING: Association of stress-related perinatal factors and cord blood unit hematopoietic progenitors is dependent on delivery mode. Transfusion 2009; 50:663-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Flores AI, McKenna DH, Montalbán MA, De la Cruz J, Wagner JE, Bornstein R. Consistency of the initial cell acquisition procedure is critical to the standardization of CD34+ cell enumeration by flow cytometry: results of a pairwise analysis of umbilical cord blood units and cryopreserved aliquots. Transfusion 2009; 49:636-47. [PMID: 19055702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02035.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CD34+ cell content is a predictive factor for engraftment and survival after umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation. The high variability in the CD34 assay results in different recommended cell doses for infusion across transplant centers and also limits the clinical utility of the CD34+ cell counts provided by cord blood banks (CBBs). This bi-institutional study was intended to understand the sources of this variability. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The level of CD34 agreement between the University of Minnesota (UM) and the Madrid CBB (MCBB) was evaluated on 50 UCB units before and after cryopreservation. Two cryopreserved vials per unit were thawed and processed at both laboratories. Dual-platform ISHAGE-based flow cytometry was used for CD34 enumeration. RESULTS Postthaw nucleated cell recoveries were similar. However, whereas CD34+ cell enumeration before freezing was 0.35 +/- 0.22 percent, the results after thawing were 0.98 +/- 0.65 and 0.57 +/- 0.39 percent at UM and MCBB, respectively. Bland-Altman plots analysis ruled out the interchangeability of MCBB and UM CD34 values. Differences in the initial cell acquisition settings accounted for most of the CD34 discrepancy, which was no longer present after normalization of the forward scatter threshold for cell acquisition. CONCLUSIONS The standardization of CD34+ cell enumeration by flow cytometry is strongly reliant on a consistent initial cell acquisition procedure. The interlaboratory variation can be minimized by using frozen cell aliquots as reference samples. Both requisites should be considered for CD34 testing and UCB unit selection by regulatory institutions involved with cord blood banking and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Flores
- Madrid Cord Blood Bank and the Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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