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Huang WF, Safo-Mensa A, Palmer-Young E, Evans JD, Chen Y. The effects of queen mandibular pheromone on Nosema (Vairimorpha) ceranae infections in caged honey bees. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 206:108167. [PMID: 39033903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Honey bees utilize queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) for maintaining social hierarchy and colony development. In controlled cage studies, synthetic QMP is often introduced to mimic natural conditions. However, questions have arisen about the effects of QMP on nosema disease studies. This short report identifies significant early-stage suppression effects of QMP on Nosema (Vairimorpha) ceranae infections. QMP was found to significantly lower infection rates below the reported infectious dose for 50 % infectivity (ID50) and to slow disease development in a dose-independent manner. These effects diminished at doses exceeding ID100. We recommend that studies investigating treatment effects using caged bees avoid QMP to ensure unambiguous results. Additionally, employing multiple infectious doses with shorter incubation times would be useful for evaluating other treatments that may have subtle effects. Furthermore, our findings support previous field studies suggesting that queen replacement reduces nosema disease at levels similar to treatment with fumagillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fone Huang
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, University of Virginia's College at Wise, Wise, VA 24293, USA
| | - Ama Safo-Mensa
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; Section of Biological Sciences, School of College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Evan Palmer-Young
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Jay D Evans
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Yanping Chen
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Tokarev YS, Huang WF, Solter LF, Malysh JM, Becnel JJ, Vossbrinck CR. A formal redefinition of the genera Nosema and Vairimorpha (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) and reassignment of species based on molecular phylogenetics. J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 169:107279. [PMID: 31738888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The microsporidian genera Nosema and Vairimorpha comprise a clade described from insects. Currently the genus Nosema is defined as having a dimorphic life cycle characterized by diplokaryotic stages and diplosporoblastic sporogony with two functionally and morphologically distinct spore types ("early" or "primary" and "environmental"). The Vairimorpha life cycle, in addition to a Nosema-type diplokaryotic sporogony, includes an octosporoblastic sporogony producing eight uninucleate spores (octospores) within a sporophorous vesicle. Molecular phylogeny, however, has clearly demonstrated that the genera Nosema and Vairimorpha, characterized by the absence or presence of uninucleate octospores, respectively, represent two polyphyletic taxa, and that octosporogony is turned on and off frequently within taxa, depending on environmental factors such as host species and rearing temperature. In addition, recent studies have shown that both branches of the Vairimorpha-Nosema clade contain species that are uninucleate throughout their life cycle. The SSU rRNA gene sequence data reveal two distinct clades, those closely related to Vairimorpha necatrix, the type species for the genus Vairimorpha, and those closely related to Nosema bombycis, the type species for the genus Nosema. Here, we redefine the two genera, giving priority to molecular character states over those observed at the developmental, structural or ultrastructural levels and present a list of revised species designations. Using this approach, a series of species are renamed (combination novum) and members of two genera, Rugispora and Oligosporidium, are reassigned to Vairimorpha because of their phylogenetic position. Moreover, the family Nosematidae is redefined and includes the genera Nosema and Vairimorpha comprising a monophyletic lineage of Microsporidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri S Tokarev
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Podbelskogo 3, 196608, Russia
| | - Wei-Fone Huang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Leellen F Solter
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute at the University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Julia M Malysh
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Podbelskogo 3, 196608, Russia
| | - James J Becnel
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology - CMAVE (USDA, ARS), Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Charles R Vossbrinck
- Department of Environmental Science, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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Wijayawardene NN, Pawłowska J, Letcher PM, Kirk PM, Humber RA, Schüßler A, Wrzosek M, Muszewska A, Okrasińska A, Istel Ł, Gęsiorska A, Mungai P, Lateef AA, Rajeshkumar KC, Singh RV, Radek R, Walther G, Wagner L, Walker C, Wijesundara DSA, Papizadeh M, Dolatabadi S, Shenoy BD, Tokarev YS, Lumyong S, Hyde KD. Notes for genera: basal clades of Fungi (including Aphelidiomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota). FUNGAL DIVERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-018-0409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Donahue KL, Broadley HJ, Elkinton JS, Burand JP, Huang W, Andersen JC. Using the
SSU
,
ITS
, and Ribosomal
DNA
Operon Arrangement to Characterize Two Microsporidia Infecting Bruce Spanworm,
Operophtera bruceata
(Lepidoptera: Geometridae). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2018; 66:424-434. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn L. Donahue
- Biology Department University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon New Hampshire 03756 USA
| | - Hannah J. Broadley
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Joseph S. Elkinton
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - John P. Burand
- Microbiology Department University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Wei‐Fone Huang
- College of Bee Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Jeremy C. Andersen
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
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The microsporidium Nosema disstriae (Thomson 1959): Fine structure and phylogenetic position within the N . bombycis clade. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 143:90-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Casal G, Rocha S, Costa G, Al-Quraishy S, Azevedo C. Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Glugea serranus n. sp., a microsporidian infecting the blacktail comber, Serranus atricauda (Teleostei: Serranidae), in the Madeira Archipelago (Portugal). Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3963-72. [PMID: 27287485 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new microsporidian infecting the connective tissue of the coelomic cavity of the blacktail comber Serranus atricauda, in the Madeira Archipelago (Portugal), is described on the basis of morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular features. The microsporidian formed large whitish xenomas adhering to the peritoneal visceral organs of the host. Each xenoma consisted of a single hypertrophic cell, in the cytoplasm of which mature spores proliferated within parasitophorous vacuoles surrounded by numerous collagen fibers. Mature spores were ellipsoidal and uninucleated, measuring an average of 6.5 ± 0.5 μm in length and 3.4 ± 0.6 μm in width. The anchoring disk of the polar filament was subterminal, laterally shifted from the anterior pole of the spore. The isofilar polar filament coiled in 18-19 turns, forming two rows that surrounded the posterior vacuole. The latter occupied about one third of the spore length. The polaroplast surrounding the apical and uncoiled portion of the polar filament displayed two distinct regions: a lamellar region and an electron-dense globule. Molecular analysis of the rRNA genes, including the internal transcribed spacer region, and phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and neighbor joining demonstrated that this microsporidian parasite clustered with some Glugea species. Based on the differences found both at the morphological and molecular levels, to other members of the genus Glugea, the microsporidian infecting the blacktail comber is considered a new species, thus named Glugea serranus n. sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça Casal
- Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/UP), University of Porto, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS/UP), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Rocha
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/UP), University of Porto, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS/UP), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Graça Costa
- Marine Biological Station of Funchal, University of Madeira, 9000-107, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Azevedo
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/UP), University of Porto, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS/UP), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Pathogenicity, morphology, and characterization of a Nosema fumiferanae isolate (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) from the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in California. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 134:38-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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