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Automating the decision making process of Todd’s age estimation method from the pubic symphysis with explainable machine learning. Inf Sci (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2022.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Transposition of the Suchey–Brooks and spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion methods onto computed tomographic images: review and future prospects. FORENSIC IMAGING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2020.200369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Noriki S, Iino S, Kinoshita K, Fukazawa Y, Inai K, Sakai T, Kimura H. Pathological analysis of cadavers for educational dissection by using postmortem imaging. Pathol Int 2019; 69:580-600. [PMID: 31631464 PMCID: PMC6856864 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed primarily to clarify whether pathological analysis of cadavers for anatomical dissection is possible using postmortem imaging (PMI), and whether this is worthwhile. A total of 33 cadavers that underwent systematic anatomical dissection at our medical school also underwent PMI. Fixative solution was injected into the corpus 3-4 days after death. PMI was then performed using an 8-slice multi-detector CT scanner 3 months before dissection. Before dissection, a conference was held to discuss the findings of the PMI. First, two radiologists read the postmortem images without any medical information and deduced the immediate cause of death. Then, the anatomy instructor revealed the medical information available. Based on this information, the radiologist, anatomy instructor, and pathologists suggested candidate sampling sites for pathological examination. On the last day of the dissection period, the pathologists resected the sample tissues and processed them for pathological examination. In 12 of 33 cases, the presumed causes of death could be determined based on PMI alone, and revision of the cause of death described in the death certificate was considered in five (15.2%) cases, based on PMI and pathological analysis. This article presents a novel method of pathological analysis of cadavers for anatomical dissection using PMI without disturbing the anatomy education of medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakon Noriki
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iino
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kinoshita
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yugo Fukazawa
- Division of Brain Structure and Function, Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Inai
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Toyohiko Sakai
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Kimura
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Autopsy Imaging Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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4
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Ali Z, Cox C, Stock MK, Zandee vanRilland EE, Rubio A, Fowler DR. Estimating Sex Using Metric Analysis of the Scapula by Postmortem Computed Tomography. J Forensic Sci 2018; 63:1346-1349. [PMID: 29464685 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Postmortem computed tomography (CT) has been extensively used in the last decade for identification purposes and in various anthropologic studies. Postmortem CT measurements of scapulae, analyzed using logistic discriminant function developed in this study, showed 94.5% accuracy in estimating sex. Data analyzed using the Dabbs and Moore-Jansen (2010) discriminant function and the discriminant function generated in this study provided nearly identical results with disagreement in only one case. Height and weight were not statically significant in sex prediction. The results of this study show that data obtained from volume rendered postmortem CT images can be considered reliable and treated as a practical option to standard anthropological methods, especially in mass fatalities as a rapid triage tool for sex determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabiullah Ali
- Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 900 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Christopher Cox
- Department of Epidemiology, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Michala K Stock
- Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, C. A. Pound Human identification Laboratory, 2033 Mowry Road, Room G-17, Gainsville, FL 32610
| | - Eddy E Zandee vanRilland
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Ana Rubio
- Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 900 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - David R Fowler
- Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 900 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
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5
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Villa C, Buckberry J, Lynnerup N. Evaluating osteological ageing from digital data. J Anat 2016; 235:386-395. [PMID: 27620700 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age at death estimation of human skeletal remains is one of the key issues in constructing a biological profile both in forensic and archaeological contexts. The traditional adult osteological methods evaluate macroscopically the morphological changes that occur with increasing age of specific skeletal indicators, such as the cranial sutures, the pubic bone, the auricular surface of the ilium and the sternal end of the ribs. Technologies such as computed tomography and laser scanning are becoming more widely used in anthropology, and several new methods have been developed. This review focuses on how the osteological age-related changes have been evaluated in digital data. First, the 3D virtual copies of the bones have been used to mimic the appearance of the dry bones and the application of the traditional methods. Secondly, the information directly extrapolated from CT scans has been used to assess qualitatively or quantitatively the changes of the trabecular bones, the thickness of the cortical bones, and to perform morphometric analyses. Lastly, the most innovative approach has been the mathematical quantification of the changes of the pelvic joints, calculating the complexity of the surface. The importance of new updated reference datasets, created thanks to the use of CT scanning in forensic settings, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jo Buckberry
- Biological Anthropology Research Centre, Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Niels Lynnerup
- Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Dedouit F, Savall F, Mokrane FZ, Rousseau H, Crubézy E, Rougé D, Telmon N. Virtual anthropology and forensic identification using multidetector CT. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20130468. [PMID: 24234584 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual anthropology is made possible by modern cross-sectional imaging. Multislice CT (MSCT) can be used for comparative bone and dental identification, reconstructive identification and lesion identification. Comparative identification, the comparison of ante- and post-mortem imaging data, can be performed on both teeth and bones. Reconstructive identification, a considerable challenge for the radiologist, identifies the deceased by determining sex, geographical origin, stature and age at death. Lesion identification combines virtual autopsy and virtual anthropology. MSCT can be useful in palaeopathology, seeking arthropathy, infection, oral pathology, trauma, tumours, haematological disorders, stress indicators or occupational stress in bones and teeth. We examine some of the possibilities offered by this new radiological subspeciality that adds a new dimension to the work of the forensic radiologist. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial and involves communication and data exchange between radiologists, forensic pathologists, anthropologists and radiographers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dedouit
- Service de Médecine Légale, CHU Toulouse-Rangueil, Toulouse Cedex, France
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7
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Image analysis of pubic bone for age estimation in a computed tomography sample. Int J Legal Med 2014; 129:335-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-014-1034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Silva RF, Franco A, Mendes SDSC, Picoli FF, de Azevedo Marinho DE. Human identification through the patella—Report of two cases. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 238:e11-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Image analysis of pubic bone for sex determination in a computed tomography sample. Int J Legal Med 2013; 127:1145-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-013-0900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Polacco M, D’Alessio P, Ausania F, Zobel B, Pascali VL, d’Aloja E, Miscusi M, De-Giorgio F. Virtual Autopsy in Hanging. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2013; 34:107-9. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0b013e318288c6d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Franco A, Thevissen P, Coudyzer W, Develter W, Van de Voorde W, Oyen R, Vandermeulen D, Jacobs R, Willems G. Feasibility and validation of virtual autopsy for dental identification using the Interpol dental codes. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:248-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Villa C, Buckberry J, Cattaneo C, Lynnerup N. Technical note: Reliability of Suchey-Brooks and Buckberry-Chamberlain methods on 3D visualizations from CT and laser scans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 151:158-63. [PMID: 23595646 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that the ageing method of Suchey-Brooks (pubic bone) and some of the features applied by Lovejoy et al. and Buckberry-Chamberlain (auricular surface) can be confidently performed on 3D visualizations from CT-scans. In this study, seven observers applied the Suchey-Brooks and the Buckberry-Chamberlain methods on 3D visualizations based on CT-scans and, for the first time, on 3D visualizations from laser scans. We examined how the bone features can be evaluated on 3D visualizations and whether the different modalities (direct observations of bones, 3D visualization from CT-scan and from laser scans) are alike to different observers. We found the best inter-observer agreement for the bones versus 3D visualizations, with the highest values for the auricular surface. Between the 3D modalities, less variability was obtained for the 3D laser visualizations. Fair inter-observer agreement was obtained in the evaluation of the pubic bone in all modalities. In 3D visualizations of the auricular surfaces, transverse organization and apical changes could be evaluated, although with high inter-observer variability; micro-, macroporosity and surface texture were very difficult to score. In conclusion, these methods were developed for dry bones, where they perform best. The Suchey-Brooks method can be applied on 3D visualizations from CT or laser, but with less accuracy than on dry bone. The Buckberry-Chamberlain method should be modified before application on 3D visualizations. Future investigation should focus on a different approach and different features: 3D laser scans could be analyzed with mathematical approaches and sub-surface features should be explored on CT-scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Silva RF, Botelho TL, Prado FB, Kawagushi JT, Daruge Júnior E, Bérzin F. Human identification based on cranial computed tomography scan: a case report. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2011; 40:257-61. [PMID: 21493883 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/96080236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, there is increasing use of CT scanning on a clinical basis, aiding in the diagnosis of diseases or injuries. This exam also provides important information that allows identification of individuals. This paper reports the use of a CT scan on the skull, taken when the victim was alive, for the positive identification of a victim of a traffic accident in which the fingerprint analysis was impossible. The authors emphasize that the CT scan is a tool primarily used in clinical diagnosis and may contribute significantly to forensic purpose, allowing the exploration of virtual corpses before the classic autopsy. The use of CT scans might increase the quantity and quality of information involved in the death of the person examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Silva
- Department of Forensic Dentistry, Paulista University, Brazil
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14
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Jeffery AJ. The role of computed tomography in adult post-mortem examinations: an overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2010.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Cittadini F, Polacco M, D'Alessio P, Tartaglione T, De Giorgio F, Oliva A, Zobel B, Pascali VL. Virtual autopsy with multidetector computed tomography of three cases of charred bodies. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2010; 50:211-216. [PMID: 21539289 DOI: 10.1258/msl.2010.010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a comparison of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and autopsy in the evaluation of three cases of charred human bodies. Interestingly, MDCT identified several findings useful for forensic purposes, including traumatic injuries not related to the fire, relevant vital reaction signs and detection of foreign bodies. Our results, in addition to data gathered in previous studies, indicate that MDCT is an excellent tool for imaging in postmortem investigations and that it has great potential for the forensic documentation and examination of charred bodies.
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Moskovitch G, Dedouit F, Braga J, Rougé D, Rousseau H, Telmon N. Multislice Computed Tomography of the First Rib: A Useful Technique for Bone Age Assessment. J Forensic Sci 2010; 55:865-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Computed tomography (CT) virtual autopsy and classical autopsy discrepancies: radiologist's error or a demonstration of post-mortem multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) limitation? Forensic Sci Int 2009; 195:e13-7. [PMID: 19954903 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Modern imaging technologies, such as computed tomography (CT) techniques, represent a great challenge in forensic pathology. The field of forensics has experienced a rapid increase in the use of these new techniques to support investigations on critical cases, as indicated by the implementation of CT scanning by different forensic institutions worldwide. Advances in CT imaging techniques over the past few decades have finally led some authors to propose that virtual autopsy, a radiological method applied to post-mortem analysis, is a reliable alternative to traditional autopsy, at least in certain cases. The authors investigate the occurrence and the causes of errors and mistakes in diagnostic imaging applied to virtual autopsy. A case of suicide by a gunshot wound was submitted to full-body CT scanning before autopsy. We compared the first examination of sectional images with the autopsy findings and found a preliminary misdiagnosis in detecting a peritoneal lesion by gunshot wound that was due to radiologist's error. Then we discuss a new emerging issue related to the risk of diagnostic failure in virtual autopsy due to radiologist's error that is similar to what occurs in clinical radiology practice.
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Faruch Bilfeld M, Dedouit F, Soumah M, Cartegnie S, Joffre F, Rousseau H, Rougé D, Telmon N. [Value of radiographic evaluation of the second metacarpal in the determination of bone age]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2008; 89:1930-4. [PMID: 19106851 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(08)74789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Age determination based on bone maturate evaluation is routinely used in forensic science and anthropology. The aim of this study was to purpose a quantitative method of age determination on the second metacarpal in a population of children and adolescents by measurements of the epiphyso-metaphysal ratio (REM) (epiphysal diameter divided by metaphysal diameter) and the cortical index (IC). MATERIAL and methods. We evaluated the REM and the IC on 417 hand radiographs of 2 from aged 20-year-old children. RESULTS The correlation between REM and age for males (R2=0.62; p<0.001) and females (R2=0.68; p<0.001) was a good and significant. The correlation between IC and age for males (R2=0.34; p<0.001) and females (R2=0.30; p<0.001) was also significant but poor. CONCLUSION Measurement of IC should not be used for age assessment. Measurement of REM is simple, reproducible and poor X-ray exposing technique. It should be very useful for age determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faruch Bilfeld
- Service de Médecine Légale, CHU Toulouse-Rangueil, 1, avenue du Professeur Jean Poulhès, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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Ultra-high-resolution dual-source CT for forensic dental visualization—discrimination of ceramic and composite fillings. Int J Legal Med 2008; 122:301-7. [PMID: 18335233 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-008-0224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bolliger SA, Thali MJ, Ross S, Buck U, Naether S, Vock P. Virtual autopsy using imaging: bridging radiologic and forensic sciences. A review of the Virtopsy and similar projects. Eur Radiol 2007; 18:273-82. [PMID: 17705044 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-007-0737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transdisciplinary research project Virtopsy is dedicated to implementing modern imaging techniques into forensic medicine and pathology in order to augment current examination techniques or even to offer alternative methods. Our project relies on three pillars: three-dimensional (3D) surface scanning for the documentation of body surfaces, and both multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualise the internal body. Three-dimensional surface scanning has delivered remarkable results in the past in the 3D documentation of patterned injuries and of objects of forensic interest as well as whole crime scenes. Imaging of the interior of corpses is performed using MSCT and/or MRI. MRI, in addition, is also well suited to the examination of surviving victims of assault, especially choking, and helps visualise internal injuries not seen at external examination of the victim. Apart from the accuracy and three-dimensionality that conventional documentations lack, these techniques allow for the re-examination of the corpse and the crime scene even decades later, after burial of the corpse and liberation of the crime scene. We believe that this virtual, non-invasive or minimally invasive approach will improve forensic medicine in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan A Bolliger
- Centre for Forensic Imaging and Virtopsy, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Buehlstrasse 20, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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